The power of interspecific sociality: how humans provide social buffering for horses

Abstract In this study, we assessed the interspecific “social buffering effect” of humans on horses, exploring how human presence influences stress responses in horses in an unfamiliar environment using the “isolation paradigm.” We examined nine Haflinger horses under two counterbalanced conditions:...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Alfredo Di Lucrezia, Anna Scandurra, Daria Lotito, Valeria Iervolino, Biagio D’Aniello, Vincenzo Mastellone, Pietro Lombardi, Claudia Pinelli
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer 2025-03-01
Series:Animal Cognition
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-025-01942-5
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850040303852978176
author Alfredo Di Lucrezia
Anna Scandurra
Daria Lotito
Valeria Iervolino
Biagio D’Aniello
Vincenzo Mastellone
Pietro Lombardi
Claudia Pinelli
author_facet Alfredo Di Lucrezia
Anna Scandurra
Daria Lotito
Valeria Iervolino
Biagio D’Aniello
Vincenzo Mastellone
Pietro Lombardi
Claudia Pinelli
author_sort Alfredo Di Lucrezia
collection DOAJ
description Abstract In this study, we assessed the interspecific “social buffering effect” of humans on horses, exploring how human presence influences stress responses in horses in an unfamiliar environment using the “isolation paradigm.” We examined nine Haflinger horses under two counterbalanced conditions: with a passive human stranger (social condition) or alone (isolation condition). Stress responses were assessed through cortisol measurements, heart rate monitoring, and behavioral observations. While cortisol levels significantly increased in both conditions, with no notable differences before and after the tests, heart rate data revealed a different pattern. Results indicated that stress generally decreased in both scenarios, impacting heart rate. Initially, during the first five minutes, heart rate was significantly higher in the social condition compared to isolation, but this trend reversed in the following intervals, with heart rate significantly decreasing as interaction with the stranger increased. Positive interaction between time and stranger-directed behaviors suggested the stranger’s influence on heart rate strengthened over time. Overall, these finding suggest that while cortisol data did not reflect a social buffering effect, other metrics indicated that human presence effectively reduced stress in horses after a brief adjustment period, supporting the hypothesis that horses can benefit from human presence during stress, after a short adaptation time. This study highlights the complex nature of stress responses in horses and the potential role of humans as social buffers in interspecific contexts.
format Article
id doaj-art-0f6b9c1963144302b809c609f4aa4f2f
institution DOAJ
issn 1435-9456
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher Springer
record_format Article
series Animal Cognition
spelling doaj-art-0f6b9c1963144302b809c609f4aa4f2f2025-08-20T02:56:07ZengSpringerAnimal Cognition1435-94562025-03-0128111310.1007/s10071-025-01942-5The power of interspecific sociality: how humans provide social buffering for horsesAlfredo Di Lucrezia0Anna Scandurra1Daria Lotito2Valeria Iervolino3Biagio D’Aniello4Vincenzo Mastellone5Pietro Lombardi6Claudia Pinelli7Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico IIDepartment of Biology, University of Naples Federico IIDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico IIDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico IIDepartment of Biology, University of Naples Federico IIDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico IIDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico IIDepartment of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technologies, University of Campania Luigi VanvitelliAbstract In this study, we assessed the interspecific “social buffering effect” of humans on horses, exploring how human presence influences stress responses in horses in an unfamiliar environment using the “isolation paradigm.” We examined nine Haflinger horses under two counterbalanced conditions: with a passive human stranger (social condition) or alone (isolation condition). Stress responses were assessed through cortisol measurements, heart rate monitoring, and behavioral observations. While cortisol levels significantly increased in both conditions, with no notable differences before and after the tests, heart rate data revealed a different pattern. Results indicated that stress generally decreased in both scenarios, impacting heart rate. Initially, during the first five minutes, heart rate was significantly higher in the social condition compared to isolation, but this trend reversed in the following intervals, with heart rate significantly decreasing as interaction with the stranger increased. Positive interaction between time and stranger-directed behaviors suggested the stranger’s influence on heart rate strengthened over time. Overall, these finding suggest that while cortisol data did not reflect a social buffering effect, other metrics indicated that human presence effectively reduced stress in horses after a brief adjustment period, supporting the hypothesis that horses can benefit from human presence during stress, after a short adaptation time. This study highlights the complex nature of stress responses in horses and the potential role of humans as social buffers in interspecific contexts.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-025-01942-5HorsesSocial bufferSocialityHeart rateIsolation paradigmCortisol
spellingShingle Alfredo Di Lucrezia
Anna Scandurra
Daria Lotito
Valeria Iervolino
Biagio D’Aniello
Vincenzo Mastellone
Pietro Lombardi
Claudia Pinelli
The power of interspecific sociality: how humans provide social buffering for horses
Animal Cognition
Horses
Social buffer
Sociality
Heart rate
Isolation paradigm
Cortisol
title The power of interspecific sociality: how humans provide social buffering for horses
title_full The power of interspecific sociality: how humans provide social buffering for horses
title_fullStr The power of interspecific sociality: how humans provide social buffering for horses
title_full_unstemmed The power of interspecific sociality: how humans provide social buffering for horses
title_short The power of interspecific sociality: how humans provide social buffering for horses
title_sort power of interspecific sociality how humans provide social buffering for horses
topic Horses
Social buffer
Sociality
Heart rate
Isolation paradigm
Cortisol
url https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-025-01942-5
work_keys_str_mv AT alfredodilucrezia thepowerofinterspecificsocialityhowhumansprovidesocialbufferingforhorses
AT annascandurra thepowerofinterspecificsocialityhowhumansprovidesocialbufferingforhorses
AT darialotito thepowerofinterspecificsocialityhowhumansprovidesocialbufferingforhorses
AT valeriaiervolino thepowerofinterspecificsocialityhowhumansprovidesocialbufferingforhorses
AT biagiodaniello thepowerofinterspecificsocialityhowhumansprovidesocialbufferingforhorses
AT vincenzomastellone thepowerofinterspecificsocialityhowhumansprovidesocialbufferingforhorses
AT pietrolombardi thepowerofinterspecificsocialityhowhumansprovidesocialbufferingforhorses
AT claudiapinelli thepowerofinterspecificsocialityhowhumansprovidesocialbufferingforhorses
AT alfredodilucrezia powerofinterspecificsocialityhowhumansprovidesocialbufferingforhorses
AT annascandurra powerofinterspecificsocialityhowhumansprovidesocialbufferingforhorses
AT darialotito powerofinterspecificsocialityhowhumansprovidesocialbufferingforhorses
AT valeriaiervolino powerofinterspecificsocialityhowhumansprovidesocialbufferingforhorses
AT biagiodaniello powerofinterspecificsocialityhowhumansprovidesocialbufferingforhorses
AT vincenzomastellone powerofinterspecificsocialityhowhumansprovidesocialbufferingforhorses
AT pietrolombardi powerofinterspecificsocialityhowhumansprovidesocialbufferingforhorses
AT claudiapinelli powerofinterspecificsocialityhowhumansprovidesocialbufferingforhorses