Spatial distribution of water quality in water bodies influenced by agricultural activities

Agriculture is a major contributor to non-point source pollution due to the intensive use of agrochemicals. This study examined the spatial distribution of pollutants from agricultural activities in the Sumani sub-catchment, West Sumatra, Indonesia, which drains into Lake Singkarak. Thirteen water q...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Rahmah Dewi Yustika, Sukarjo Sukarjo, Triyani Dewi, Yustiawati Yustiawati, Cicik Oktasari Handayani, Delvi Yanti, Ai Dariah
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: University of Brawijaya 2025-07-01
Series:Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management
Subjects:
Online Access:https://jdmlm.ub.ac.id/index.php/jdmlm/article/view/17118
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850108216354013184
author Rahmah Dewi Yustika
Sukarjo Sukarjo
Triyani Dewi
Yustiawati Yustiawati
Cicik Oktasari Handayani
Delvi Yanti
Ai Dariah
author_facet Rahmah Dewi Yustika
Sukarjo Sukarjo
Triyani Dewi
Yustiawati Yustiawati
Cicik Oktasari Handayani
Delvi Yanti
Ai Dariah
author_sort Rahmah Dewi Yustika
collection DOAJ
description Agriculture is a major contributor to non-point source pollution due to the intensive use of agrochemicals. This study examined the spatial distribution of pollutants from agricultural activities in the Sumani sub-catchment, West Sumatra, Indonesia, which drains into Lake Singkarak. Thirteen water quality parameters were measured, including electrical conductivity (EC), total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), sulfate, nitrate, calcium, sodium, total phosphorus (TP), potassium, magnesium, chlorpyrifos, and mancozeb. Results showed significant variation in water quality across the sampling sites. Downstream areas had higher levels of TSS, TDS, and major ions, mainly due to agricultural and urban activities. The lowest TSS levels were recorded at a site within the lake, likely due to sediment settling. River water generally met drinking water standards; however, TP and DO concentrations in the lake exceeded regulatory limits, potentially influenced by floating net cage aquaculture. Principal Component Analysis identified three main sources of pollution: agricultural activities (34.87%), combined agricultural and urban influences (20.15%), and soil erosion (12.15%). These findings highlight the need for better erosion control, sustainable farming practices, and consistent water quality monitoring. Further research is crucial to understand the long-term effects of agriculture on water resources and to develop strategies that reduce environmental impacts.
format Article
id doaj-art-0f5f5d3eaeb5495ea3e1789ae199dbc6
institution OA Journals
issn 2339-076X
2502-2458
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher University of Brawijaya
record_format Article
series Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management
spelling doaj-art-0f5f5d3eaeb5495ea3e1789ae199dbc62025-08-20T02:38:25ZengUniversity of BrawijayaJournal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management2339-076X2502-24582025-07-011248367837810.15243/jdmlm.2025.124.836717120Spatial distribution of water quality in water bodies influenced by agricultural activitiesRahmah Dewi Yustika0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6330-1658Sukarjo Sukarjo1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0000-5488Triyani Dewi2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3273-8109Yustiawati Yustiawati3https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6696-1398Cicik Oktasari Handayani4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5454-6434Delvi Yanti5https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6216-9950Ai Dariah6Research Center for Estate Crops, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia, Bogor, IndonesiaResearch Center for Horticulture, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia, Bogor, IndonesiaResearch Center for Horticulture, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia, Bogor, IndonesiaResearch Center for Limnology and Water Resources, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia Bogor, Indonesia Research Center for Horticulture, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia, Bogor, IndonesiaDepartment of Agriculture and Biosystem Technology, Universitas Andalas, Limau Manis, Padang Indonesia Research Center for Estate Crops, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia, Bogor, IndonesiaAgriculture is a major contributor to non-point source pollution due to the intensive use of agrochemicals. This study examined the spatial distribution of pollutants from agricultural activities in the Sumani sub-catchment, West Sumatra, Indonesia, which drains into Lake Singkarak. Thirteen water quality parameters were measured, including electrical conductivity (EC), total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), sulfate, nitrate, calcium, sodium, total phosphorus (TP), potassium, magnesium, chlorpyrifos, and mancozeb. Results showed significant variation in water quality across the sampling sites. Downstream areas had higher levels of TSS, TDS, and major ions, mainly due to agricultural and urban activities. The lowest TSS levels were recorded at a site within the lake, likely due to sediment settling. River water generally met drinking water standards; however, TP and DO concentrations in the lake exceeded regulatory limits, potentially influenced by floating net cage aquaculture. Principal Component Analysis identified three main sources of pollution: agricultural activities (34.87%), combined agricultural and urban influences (20.15%), and soil erosion (12.15%). These findings highlight the need for better erosion control, sustainable farming practices, and consistent water quality monitoring. Further research is crucial to understand the long-term effects of agriculture on water resources and to develop strategies that reduce environmental impacts.https://jdmlm.ub.ac.id/index.php/jdmlm/article/view/17118agrochemicalslake singkarakphysicochemical parameterssumani riverwatershed
spellingShingle Rahmah Dewi Yustika
Sukarjo Sukarjo
Triyani Dewi
Yustiawati Yustiawati
Cicik Oktasari Handayani
Delvi Yanti
Ai Dariah
Spatial distribution of water quality in water bodies influenced by agricultural activities
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management
agrochemicals
lake singkarak
physicochemical parameters
sumani river
watershed
title Spatial distribution of water quality in water bodies influenced by agricultural activities
title_full Spatial distribution of water quality in water bodies influenced by agricultural activities
title_fullStr Spatial distribution of water quality in water bodies influenced by agricultural activities
title_full_unstemmed Spatial distribution of water quality in water bodies influenced by agricultural activities
title_short Spatial distribution of water quality in water bodies influenced by agricultural activities
title_sort spatial distribution of water quality in water bodies influenced by agricultural activities
topic agrochemicals
lake singkarak
physicochemical parameters
sumani river
watershed
url https://jdmlm.ub.ac.id/index.php/jdmlm/article/view/17118
work_keys_str_mv AT rahmahdewiyustika spatialdistributionofwaterqualityinwaterbodiesinfluencedbyagriculturalactivities
AT sukarjosukarjo spatialdistributionofwaterqualityinwaterbodiesinfluencedbyagriculturalactivities
AT triyanidewi spatialdistributionofwaterqualityinwaterbodiesinfluencedbyagriculturalactivities
AT yustiawatiyustiawati spatialdistributionofwaterqualityinwaterbodiesinfluencedbyagriculturalactivities
AT cicikoktasarihandayani spatialdistributionofwaterqualityinwaterbodiesinfluencedbyagriculturalactivities
AT delviyanti spatialdistributionofwaterqualityinwaterbodiesinfluencedbyagriculturalactivities
AT aidariah spatialdistributionofwaterqualityinwaterbodiesinfluencedbyagriculturalactivities