Blood Stasis Syndrome Accelerates the Growth and Metastasis of Breast Cancer by Promoting Hypoxia and Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Mice
Blood stasis syndromes (BSSs) are closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors, although the mechanism is still unclear. This study was aimed at exploring the effect and mechanism underlying different BSSs on tumor growth and metastasis. We established four BSS mouse models bred with...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2022-01-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Immunology Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7222638 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849308359139786752 |
|---|---|
| author | Lu Jin Biqiang Tang Xia Liu Weiye Mao Linying Xia Yueguang Du Bing Ji Qiyang Shou Huiying Fu |
| author_facet | Lu Jin Biqiang Tang Xia Liu Weiye Mao Linying Xia Yueguang Du Bing Ji Qiyang Shou Huiying Fu |
| author_sort | Lu Jin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Blood stasis syndromes (BSSs) are closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors, although the mechanism is still unclear. This study was aimed at exploring the effect and mechanism underlying different BSSs on tumor growth and metastasis. We established four BSS mouse models bred with breast cancer: qi deficiency and blood stasis (QDBS), cold coagulation blood stasis (CCBS), heat toxin and blood stasis (HTBS), and qi stagnation and blood stasis (QSBS). The results showed that microcirculation in the lower limb, abdominal wall, and tumor in situ decreased by varying degrees in the BSS groups. In addition, BSS promoted tumor growth and lung metastasis. The ratio of regulatory T cells in the tumor microenvironment was downregulated. Moreover, hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α, Wnt1, β-catenin, vascular endothelial growth factor, and Cyclin D1 levels increased in the tumors of BSS mice. In conclusion, BSS not only promoted the formation of a hypoxic and immunosuppressive microenvironment but also promoted the neovascularization. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0f4dc4cbf72840a593d5605dbc8ef3dc |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2314-7156 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Immunology Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-0f4dc4cbf72840a593d5605dbc8ef3dc2025-08-20T03:54:29ZengWileyJournal of Immunology Research2314-71562022-01-01202210.1155/2022/7222638Blood Stasis Syndrome Accelerates the Growth and Metastasis of Breast Cancer by Promoting Hypoxia and Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in MiceLu Jin0Biqiang Tang1Xia Liu2Weiye Mao3Linying Xia4Yueguang Du5Bing Ji6Qiyang Shou7Huiying Fu8Second Clinical Medical SchoolSecond Clinical Medical SchoolSecond Clinical Medical SchoolSecond Clinical Medical SchoolSecond Clinical Medical SchoolSchool of Basic MedicineHuzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineSecond Clinical Medical SchoolSecond Clinical Medical SchoolBlood stasis syndromes (BSSs) are closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors, although the mechanism is still unclear. This study was aimed at exploring the effect and mechanism underlying different BSSs on tumor growth and metastasis. We established four BSS mouse models bred with breast cancer: qi deficiency and blood stasis (QDBS), cold coagulation blood stasis (CCBS), heat toxin and blood stasis (HTBS), and qi stagnation and blood stasis (QSBS). The results showed that microcirculation in the lower limb, abdominal wall, and tumor in situ decreased by varying degrees in the BSS groups. In addition, BSS promoted tumor growth and lung metastasis. The ratio of regulatory T cells in the tumor microenvironment was downregulated. Moreover, hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α, Wnt1, β-catenin, vascular endothelial growth factor, and Cyclin D1 levels increased in the tumors of BSS mice. In conclusion, BSS not only promoted the formation of a hypoxic and immunosuppressive microenvironment but also promoted the neovascularization.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7222638 |
| spellingShingle | Lu Jin Biqiang Tang Xia Liu Weiye Mao Linying Xia Yueguang Du Bing Ji Qiyang Shou Huiying Fu Blood Stasis Syndrome Accelerates the Growth and Metastasis of Breast Cancer by Promoting Hypoxia and Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Mice Journal of Immunology Research |
| title | Blood Stasis Syndrome Accelerates the Growth and Metastasis of Breast Cancer by Promoting Hypoxia and Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Mice |
| title_full | Blood Stasis Syndrome Accelerates the Growth and Metastasis of Breast Cancer by Promoting Hypoxia and Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Mice |
| title_fullStr | Blood Stasis Syndrome Accelerates the Growth and Metastasis of Breast Cancer by Promoting Hypoxia and Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Blood Stasis Syndrome Accelerates the Growth and Metastasis of Breast Cancer by Promoting Hypoxia and Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Mice |
| title_short | Blood Stasis Syndrome Accelerates the Growth and Metastasis of Breast Cancer by Promoting Hypoxia and Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Mice |
| title_sort | blood stasis syndrome accelerates the growth and metastasis of breast cancer by promoting hypoxia and immunosuppressive microenvironment in mice |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7222638 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lujin bloodstasissyndromeacceleratesthegrowthandmetastasisofbreastcancerbypromotinghypoxiaandimmunosuppressivemicroenvironmentinmice AT biqiangtang bloodstasissyndromeacceleratesthegrowthandmetastasisofbreastcancerbypromotinghypoxiaandimmunosuppressivemicroenvironmentinmice AT xialiu bloodstasissyndromeacceleratesthegrowthandmetastasisofbreastcancerbypromotinghypoxiaandimmunosuppressivemicroenvironmentinmice AT weiyemao bloodstasissyndromeacceleratesthegrowthandmetastasisofbreastcancerbypromotinghypoxiaandimmunosuppressivemicroenvironmentinmice AT linyingxia bloodstasissyndromeacceleratesthegrowthandmetastasisofbreastcancerbypromotinghypoxiaandimmunosuppressivemicroenvironmentinmice AT yueguangdu bloodstasissyndromeacceleratesthegrowthandmetastasisofbreastcancerbypromotinghypoxiaandimmunosuppressivemicroenvironmentinmice AT bingji bloodstasissyndromeacceleratesthegrowthandmetastasisofbreastcancerbypromotinghypoxiaandimmunosuppressivemicroenvironmentinmice AT qiyangshou bloodstasissyndromeacceleratesthegrowthandmetastasisofbreastcancerbypromotinghypoxiaandimmunosuppressivemicroenvironmentinmice AT huiyingfu bloodstasissyndromeacceleratesthegrowthandmetastasisofbreastcancerbypromotinghypoxiaandimmunosuppressivemicroenvironmentinmice |