Observing Supernova Neutrino Light Curves with Super-Kamiokande. V. Distance Estimation with Neutrinos
Neutrinos are pivotal signals in multimessenger observations of supernovae (SNe). Recent advancements in the analysis method of supernova (SN) neutrinos, especially in quantitative analysis, have significantly broadened scientific possibilities. This study demonstrates the feasibility of estimating...
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2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/adabe2 |
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| author | Yudai Suwa Akira Harada Masamitsu Mori Ken’ichiro Nakazato Ryuichiro Akaho Masayuki Harada Yusuke Koshio Fumi Nakanishi Kohsuke Sumiyoshi Roger A. Wendell |
| author_facet | Yudai Suwa Akira Harada Masamitsu Mori Ken’ichiro Nakazato Ryuichiro Akaho Masayuki Harada Yusuke Koshio Fumi Nakanishi Kohsuke Sumiyoshi Roger A. Wendell |
| author_sort | Yudai Suwa |
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| description | Neutrinos are pivotal signals in multimessenger observations of supernovae (SNe). Recent advancements in the analysis method of supernova (SN) neutrinos, especially in quantitative analysis, have significantly broadened scientific possibilities. This study demonstrates the feasibility of estimating distances to SNe using neutrinos. This estimation utilizes the direct relationship between the radius of a neutron star (NS) and the distance to the supernova, which is analogous to main-sequence fitting. The radius of an NS is determined with an approximate uncertainty of 10% through observations such as X-rays and gravitational waves. By integrating this information, the distance to the supernova can be estimated with an uncertainty of within 15% at a 95% confidence level. It has been established that neutrinos can pinpoint the direction of supernovae, and when combined with distance estimates, three-dimensional localization becomes achievable. This capability is vital for follow-up observations using multimessenger approaches. Moreover, more precise distance determinations to SNe through follow-up observations, such as optical observations, allow for accurate measurements of neutron-star radii. This data, via the neutron-star mass–radius relationship, could provide various insights into nuclear physics. |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1538-4357 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
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| series | The Astrophysical Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-0f43aa2b1d7c42818e3dcbb41c89ba562025-02-07T07:28:41ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572025-01-01980111710.3847/1538-4357/adabe2Observing Supernova Neutrino Light Curves with Super-Kamiokande. V. Distance Estimation with NeutrinosYudai Suwa0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7443-2215Akira Harada1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1409-0695Masamitsu Mori2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0827-9152Ken’ichiro Nakazato3https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6330-1685Ryuichiro Akaho4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9234-813XMasayuki Harada5https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3273-946XYusuke Koshio6https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0437-8505Fumi Nakanishi7https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4408-6929Kohsuke Sumiyoshi8https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9224-9449Roger A. Wendell9Department of Earth Science and Astronomy, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo 153-8902, Japan ; suwa@yukawa.kyoto-u.ac.jp; Center for Gravitational Physics and Quantum Information, Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University , Kyoto 606-8502, JapanInterdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences Program (iTHEMS) , RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; National Institute of Technology , Ibaraki College, Hitachinaka 312-8508, JapanDivision of Science, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanFaculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395, JapanFaculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University , Tokyo 169-8555, JapanDepartment of Physics, Okayama University , Okayama 700-8530, Japan; Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo , Gifu 506-1205, JapanDepartment of Physics, Okayama University , Okayama 700-8530, Japan; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU, WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo , Kashiwa 277-8583, JapanDepartment of Physics, Okayama University , Okayama 700-8530, JapanNational Institute of Technology , Numazu College, Numazu 410-8501, JapanKavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU, WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo , Kashiwa 277-8583, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University , Kyoto 606-8502, JapanNeutrinos are pivotal signals in multimessenger observations of supernovae (SNe). Recent advancements in the analysis method of supernova (SN) neutrinos, especially in quantitative analysis, have significantly broadened scientific possibilities. This study demonstrates the feasibility of estimating distances to SNe using neutrinos. This estimation utilizes the direct relationship between the radius of a neutron star (NS) and the distance to the supernova, which is analogous to main-sequence fitting. The radius of an NS is determined with an approximate uncertainty of 10% through observations such as X-rays and gravitational waves. By integrating this information, the distance to the supernova can be estimated with an uncertainty of within 15% at a 95% confidence level. It has been established that neutrinos can pinpoint the direction of supernovae, and when combined with distance estimates, three-dimensional localization becomes achievable. This capability is vital for follow-up observations using multimessenger approaches. Moreover, more precise distance determinations to SNe through follow-up observations, such as optical observations, allow for accurate measurements of neutron-star radii. This data, via the neutron-star mass–radius relationship, could provide various insights into nuclear physics.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/adabe2Core-collapse supernovaeNeutrino astronomyHigh energy astrophysicsNeutron stars |
| spellingShingle | Yudai Suwa Akira Harada Masamitsu Mori Ken’ichiro Nakazato Ryuichiro Akaho Masayuki Harada Yusuke Koshio Fumi Nakanishi Kohsuke Sumiyoshi Roger A. Wendell Observing Supernova Neutrino Light Curves with Super-Kamiokande. V. Distance Estimation with Neutrinos The Astrophysical Journal Core-collapse supernovae Neutrino astronomy High energy astrophysics Neutron stars |
| title | Observing Supernova Neutrino Light Curves with Super-Kamiokande. V. Distance Estimation with Neutrinos |
| title_full | Observing Supernova Neutrino Light Curves with Super-Kamiokande. V. Distance Estimation with Neutrinos |
| title_fullStr | Observing Supernova Neutrino Light Curves with Super-Kamiokande. V. Distance Estimation with Neutrinos |
| title_full_unstemmed | Observing Supernova Neutrino Light Curves with Super-Kamiokande. V. Distance Estimation with Neutrinos |
| title_short | Observing Supernova Neutrino Light Curves with Super-Kamiokande. V. Distance Estimation with Neutrinos |
| title_sort | observing supernova neutrino light curves with super kamiokande v distance estimation with neutrinos |
| topic | Core-collapse supernovae Neutrino astronomy High energy astrophysics Neutron stars |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/adabe2 |
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