Resolution of inflammation during rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that causes synovial joint inflammation as well as bone destruction and erosion, typically characterized by joint pain, swelling, and stiffness, with complications and persistent pain after remission posing a significant health burden for RA...

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Main Authors: Xiaoou Ye, Dan Ren, Qingyuan Chen, Jiquan Shen, Bo Wang, Songquan Wu, Hongliang Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-03-01
Series:Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2025.1556359/full
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author Xiaoou Ye
Dan Ren
Qingyuan Chen
Jiquan Shen
Jiquan Shen
Bo Wang
Bo Wang
Songquan Wu
Hongliang Zhang
author_facet Xiaoou Ye
Dan Ren
Qingyuan Chen
Jiquan Shen
Jiquan Shen
Bo Wang
Bo Wang
Songquan Wu
Hongliang Zhang
author_sort Xiaoou Ye
collection DOAJ
description Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that causes synovial joint inflammation as well as bone destruction and erosion, typically characterized by joint pain, swelling, and stiffness, with complications and persistent pain after remission posing a significant health burden for RA patients. The etiology of RA has not yet been fully elucidated, but a large number of studies have shown that the initiation of inflammation in RA is closely related to T-cell activation, the production of a variety of pro-inflammatory cytokines, macrophage M1/M2 imbalance, homeostatic imbalance of the intestinal flora, fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) and synovial tissue macrophages (STMs) in the synovial lumen of joints that exhibit an aggressive phenotype. While the resolution of RA is less discussed, therefore, we provided a systematic review of the relevant remission mechanisms including blocking T cell activation, regulating macrophage polarization status, modulating the signaling pathway of FLSs, modulating the subpopulation of STMs, and inhibiting the relevant inflammatory factors, as well as the probable causes of persistent arthritis pain after the remission of RA and its pain management methods. Achieving resolution in RA is crucial for improving the quality of life and long-term prognosis of patients. Thus, understanding these mechanisms provide novel potential for further drug development and treatment of RA.
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spelling doaj-art-0f3cfe13e425440694d47ea72091d61e2025-08-20T03:40:57ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology2296-634X2025-03-011310.3389/fcell.2025.15563591556359Resolution of inflammation during rheumatoid arthritisXiaoou Ye0Dan Ren1Qingyuan Chen2Jiquan Shen3Jiquan Shen4Bo Wang5Bo Wang6Songquan Wu7Hongliang Zhang8Center of Disease Immunity and Intervention, College of Medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, ChinaCenter of Disease Immunity and Intervention, College of Medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, ChinaCenter of Disease Immunity and Intervention, College of Medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, ChinaDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Lishui University, Lishui, ChinaWenzhou Medical University Affiliated Lishui Hospital, Lishui, ChinaDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Lishui University, Lishui, ChinaWenzhou Medical University Affiliated Lishui Hospital, Lishui, ChinaCenter of Disease Immunity and Intervention, College of Medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, ChinaCenter of Disease Immunity and Intervention, College of Medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, ChinaRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that causes synovial joint inflammation as well as bone destruction and erosion, typically characterized by joint pain, swelling, and stiffness, with complications and persistent pain after remission posing a significant health burden for RA patients. The etiology of RA has not yet been fully elucidated, but a large number of studies have shown that the initiation of inflammation in RA is closely related to T-cell activation, the production of a variety of pro-inflammatory cytokines, macrophage M1/M2 imbalance, homeostatic imbalance of the intestinal flora, fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) and synovial tissue macrophages (STMs) in the synovial lumen of joints that exhibit an aggressive phenotype. While the resolution of RA is less discussed, therefore, we provided a systematic review of the relevant remission mechanisms including blocking T cell activation, regulating macrophage polarization status, modulating the signaling pathway of FLSs, modulating the subpopulation of STMs, and inhibiting the relevant inflammatory factors, as well as the probable causes of persistent arthritis pain after the remission of RA and its pain management methods. Achieving resolution in RA is crucial for improving the quality of life and long-term prognosis of patients. Thus, understanding these mechanisms provide novel potential for further drug development and treatment of RA.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2025.1556359/fullrheumatoid arthritisinflammation resolutionmacrophagesfibroblast-like synoviocytescytokines
spellingShingle Xiaoou Ye
Dan Ren
Qingyuan Chen
Jiquan Shen
Jiquan Shen
Bo Wang
Bo Wang
Songquan Wu
Hongliang Zhang
Resolution of inflammation during rheumatoid arthritis
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
rheumatoid arthritis
inflammation resolution
macrophages
fibroblast-like synoviocytes
cytokines
title Resolution of inflammation during rheumatoid arthritis
title_full Resolution of inflammation during rheumatoid arthritis
title_fullStr Resolution of inflammation during rheumatoid arthritis
title_full_unstemmed Resolution of inflammation during rheumatoid arthritis
title_short Resolution of inflammation during rheumatoid arthritis
title_sort resolution of inflammation during rheumatoid arthritis
topic rheumatoid arthritis
inflammation resolution
macrophages
fibroblast-like synoviocytes
cytokines
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2025.1556359/full
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