Geographic variation of overweight and obesity among women in Nigeria: a case for nutritional transition in sub-Saharan Africa.
<h4>Background</h4>Nutritional research in sub-Saharan Africa has primarily focused on under-nutrition. However, there is evidence of an ongoing nutritional transition in these settings. This study aimed to examine the geographic variation of overweight and obesity prevalence at the stat...
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2014-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0101103 |
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| author | Ngianga-Bakwin Kandala Saverio Stranges |
| author_facet | Ngianga-Bakwin Kandala Saverio Stranges |
| author_sort | Ngianga-Bakwin Kandala |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Background</h4>Nutritional research in sub-Saharan Africa has primarily focused on under-nutrition. However, there is evidence of an ongoing nutritional transition in these settings. This study aimed to examine the geographic variation of overweight and obesity prevalence at the state-level among women in Nigeria, while accounting for individual-level risk factors.<h4>Methods</h4>The analysis was based on the 2008 Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS), including 27,967 women aged 15-49 years. Individual data were collected on socio-demographics, but were aggregated to the country's states. We used a Bayesian geo-additive mixed model to map the geographic distribution of overweight and obesity at the state-level, accounting for individual-level risk factors.<h4>Results</h4>The overall prevalence of combined overweight and obesity (body mass index ≥25) was 20.9%. In multivariate Bayesian geo-additive models, higher education [odds ratio (OR) & 95% Credible Region (CR): 1.68 (1.38, 2.00)], higher wealth index [3.45 (2.98, 4.05)], living in urban settings [1.24 (1.14, 1.36)] and increasing age were all significantly associated with a higher prevalence of overweight/obesity. There was also a striking variation in overweight/obesity prevalence across ethnic groups and state of residence, the highest being in Cross River State, in south-eastern Nigeria [2.32 (1.62, 3.40)], the lowest in Osun State in south-western Nigeria [0.48 (0.36, 0.61)].<h4>Conclusions</h4>This study suggests distinct geographic patterns in the combined prevalence of overweight and obesity among Nigerian women, as well as the role of demographic, socio-economic and environmental factors in the ongoing nutritional transition in these settings. |
| format | Article |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2014-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
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| spelling | doaj-art-0f1b3855f6e24edbb2af3c3808b7a33f2025-08-20T02:34:07ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032014-01-0196e10110310.1371/journal.pone.0101103Geographic variation of overweight and obesity among women in Nigeria: a case for nutritional transition in sub-Saharan Africa.Ngianga-Bakwin KandalaSaverio Stranges<h4>Background</h4>Nutritional research in sub-Saharan Africa has primarily focused on under-nutrition. However, there is evidence of an ongoing nutritional transition in these settings. This study aimed to examine the geographic variation of overweight and obesity prevalence at the state-level among women in Nigeria, while accounting for individual-level risk factors.<h4>Methods</h4>The analysis was based on the 2008 Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS), including 27,967 women aged 15-49 years. Individual data were collected on socio-demographics, but were aggregated to the country's states. We used a Bayesian geo-additive mixed model to map the geographic distribution of overweight and obesity at the state-level, accounting for individual-level risk factors.<h4>Results</h4>The overall prevalence of combined overweight and obesity (body mass index ≥25) was 20.9%. In multivariate Bayesian geo-additive models, higher education [odds ratio (OR) & 95% Credible Region (CR): 1.68 (1.38, 2.00)], higher wealth index [3.45 (2.98, 4.05)], living in urban settings [1.24 (1.14, 1.36)] and increasing age were all significantly associated with a higher prevalence of overweight/obesity. There was also a striking variation in overweight/obesity prevalence across ethnic groups and state of residence, the highest being in Cross River State, in south-eastern Nigeria [2.32 (1.62, 3.40)], the lowest in Osun State in south-western Nigeria [0.48 (0.36, 0.61)].<h4>Conclusions</h4>This study suggests distinct geographic patterns in the combined prevalence of overweight and obesity among Nigerian women, as well as the role of demographic, socio-economic and environmental factors in the ongoing nutritional transition in these settings.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0101103 |
| spellingShingle | Ngianga-Bakwin Kandala Saverio Stranges Geographic variation of overweight and obesity among women in Nigeria: a case for nutritional transition in sub-Saharan Africa. PLoS ONE |
| title | Geographic variation of overweight and obesity among women in Nigeria: a case for nutritional transition in sub-Saharan Africa. |
| title_full | Geographic variation of overweight and obesity among women in Nigeria: a case for nutritional transition in sub-Saharan Africa. |
| title_fullStr | Geographic variation of overweight and obesity among women in Nigeria: a case for nutritional transition in sub-Saharan Africa. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Geographic variation of overweight and obesity among women in Nigeria: a case for nutritional transition in sub-Saharan Africa. |
| title_short | Geographic variation of overweight and obesity among women in Nigeria: a case for nutritional transition in sub-Saharan Africa. |
| title_sort | geographic variation of overweight and obesity among women in nigeria a case for nutritional transition in sub saharan africa |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0101103 |
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