Sarcoidosis: Key disease aspects and update on management
Sarcoidosis is a complex disease of unknown origin, primarily affecting the lungs but capable of involving almost any organ. Diagnosis is challenging due to the lack of specific markers and requires assessment of clinical features, careful imaging, exclusion of other conditions and, ideally, a tissu...
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| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470211825000442 |
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| author | Robina K. Coker Kathy M. Cullen |
| author_facet | Robina K. Coker Kathy M. Cullen |
| author_sort | Robina K. Coker |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sarcoidosis is a complex disease of unknown origin, primarily affecting the lungs but capable of involving almost any organ. Diagnosis is challenging due to the lack of specific markers and requires assessment of clinical features, careful imaging, exclusion of other conditions and, ideally, a tissue biopsy demonstrating non-necrotising granulomas.Over 90% of patients have pulmonary involvement, presenting with symptoms like dry cough and breathlessness, along with systemic signs such as fever and weight loss.Extrapulmonary manifestations occur in about 30% of cases and can affect any organ, including the heart, nervous system and eyes.Management involves a multidisciplinary approach with some patients requiring immunosuppressive and antifibrotic therapies. Despite generally good outcomes, sarcoidosis can lead to significant morbidity and mortality, particularly from pulmonary and cardiac complications. Emerging treatments like infliximab and nintedanib offer hope for refractory cases, although they carry risks of serious infections and other side effects. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0eebe307c1bc4289a3a7b49a8b6ee2d4 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1470-2118 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-0eebe307c1bc4289a3a7b49a8b6ee2d42025-08-20T03:19:56ZengElsevierClinical Medicine1470-21182025-05-0125310032610.1016/j.clinme.2025.100326Sarcoidosis: Key disease aspects and update on managementRobina K. Coker0Kathy M. Cullen1Respiratory Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W12 0HS, United Kingdom; Corresponding author.Consultant Respiratory Physician, Belfast Trust, Interim Director of Centre for Medical Education, Queens University, Belfast BT7 1NN, United KingdomSarcoidosis is a complex disease of unknown origin, primarily affecting the lungs but capable of involving almost any organ. Diagnosis is challenging due to the lack of specific markers and requires assessment of clinical features, careful imaging, exclusion of other conditions and, ideally, a tissue biopsy demonstrating non-necrotising granulomas.Over 90% of patients have pulmonary involvement, presenting with symptoms like dry cough and breathlessness, along with systemic signs such as fever and weight loss.Extrapulmonary manifestations occur in about 30% of cases and can affect any organ, including the heart, nervous system and eyes.Management involves a multidisciplinary approach with some patients requiring immunosuppressive and antifibrotic therapies. Despite generally good outcomes, sarcoidosis can lead to significant morbidity and mortality, particularly from pulmonary and cardiac complications. Emerging treatments like infliximab and nintedanib offer hope for refractory cases, although they carry risks of serious infections and other side effects.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470211825000442AntifibroticArrhythmiaGranulomaHypercalcaemiaUveitis |
| spellingShingle | Robina K. Coker Kathy M. Cullen Sarcoidosis: Key disease aspects and update on management Clinical Medicine Antifibrotic Arrhythmia Granuloma Hypercalcaemia Uveitis |
| title | Sarcoidosis: Key disease aspects and update on management |
| title_full | Sarcoidosis: Key disease aspects and update on management |
| title_fullStr | Sarcoidosis: Key disease aspects and update on management |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sarcoidosis: Key disease aspects and update on management |
| title_short | Sarcoidosis: Key disease aspects and update on management |
| title_sort | sarcoidosis key disease aspects and update on management |
| topic | Antifibrotic Arrhythmia Granuloma Hypercalcaemia Uveitis |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470211825000442 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT robinakcoker sarcoidosiskeydiseaseaspectsandupdateonmanagement AT kathymcullen sarcoidosiskeydiseaseaspectsandupdateonmanagement |