Four-Dimensional Adjustable Electroencephalography Cap for Solid–Gel Electrode
Currently, the electroencephalogram (EEG) cap is limited to a finite number of sizes based on head circumference, lacking the mechanical flexibility to accommodate the full range of skull dimensions. This reliance on head circumference data alone often results in a poor fit between the EEG cap and t...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/13/4037 |
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| author | Junyi Zhang Deyu Zhao Yue Li Gege Ming Weihua Pei |
| author_facet | Junyi Zhang Deyu Zhao Yue Li Gege Ming Weihua Pei |
| author_sort | Junyi Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Currently, the electroencephalogram (EEG) cap is limited to a finite number of sizes based on head circumference, lacking the mechanical flexibility to accommodate the full range of skull dimensions. This reliance on head circumference data alone often results in a poor fit between the EEG cap and the user’s head shape. To address these limitations, we have developed a four-dimensional (4D) adjustable EEG cap. This cap features an adjustable mechanism that covers the entire cranial area in four dimensions, allowing it to fit the head shapes of nearly all adults. The system is compatible with 64 channels or lower electrode counts. We conducted a study with numerous volunteers to compare the performance characteristics of the 4D caps with the commercial (COML) caps in terms of contact pressure, preparation time, wearing impedance, and performance in brain–computer interface (BCI) applications. The 4D cap demonstrated the ability to adapt to various head shapes more quickly, reduce impedance during testing, and enhance measurement accuracy, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and comfort. These improvements suggest its potential for broader application in both laboratory settings and daily life. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0ed19b0efb1f4bb38ae014d2bd337955 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj-art-0ed19b0efb1f4bb38ae014d2bd3379552025-08-20T03:29:02ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202025-06-012513403710.3390/s25134037Four-Dimensional Adjustable Electroencephalography Cap for Solid–Gel ElectrodeJunyi Zhang0Deyu Zhao1Yue Li2Gege Ming3Weihua Pei4The School of Advanced Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215000, ChinaThe Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300000, ChinaThe School of Advanced Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215000, ChinaThe Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, ChinaThe Laboratory of Solid State Optoelectronics Information Technology, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, ChinaCurrently, the electroencephalogram (EEG) cap is limited to a finite number of sizes based on head circumference, lacking the mechanical flexibility to accommodate the full range of skull dimensions. This reliance on head circumference data alone often results in a poor fit between the EEG cap and the user’s head shape. To address these limitations, we have developed a four-dimensional (4D) adjustable EEG cap. This cap features an adjustable mechanism that covers the entire cranial area in four dimensions, allowing it to fit the head shapes of nearly all adults. The system is compatible with 64 channels or lower electrode counts. We conducted a study with numerous volunteers to compare the performance characteristics of the 4D caps with the commercial (COML) caps in terms of contact pressure, preparation time, wearing impedance, and performance in brain–computer interface (BCI) applications. The 4D cap demonstrated the ability to adapt to various head shapes more quickly, reduce impedance during testing, and enhance measurement accuracy, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and comfort. These improvements suggest its potential for broader application in both laboratory settings and daily life.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/13/4037solid–gel electrodesemi-dry electrodeadjustable EEG capbrain–computer interface |
| spellingShingle | Junyi Zhang Deyu Zhao Yue Li Gege Ming Weihua Pei Four-Dimensional Adjustable Electroencephalography Cap for Solid–Gel Electrode Sensors solid–gel electrode semi-dry electrode adjustable EEG cap brain–computer interface |
| title | Four-Dimensional Adjustable Electroencephalography Cap for Solid–Gel Electrode |
| title_full | Four-Dimensional Adjustable Electroencephalography Cap for Solid–Gel Electrode |
| title_fullStr | Four-Dimensional Adjustable Electroencephalography Cap for Solid–Gel Electrode |
| title_full_unstemmed | Four-Dimensional Adjustable Electroencephalography Cap for Solid–Gel Electrode |
| title_short | Four-Dimensional Adjustable Electroencephalography Cap for Solid–Gel Electrode |
| title_sort | four dimensional adjustable electroencephalography cap for solid gel electrode |
| topic | solid–gel electrode semi-dry electrode adjustable EEG cap brain–computer interface |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/13/4037 |
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