Precise instruction and consideration of the vertical and horizontal force component increases validity and reliability of the 90:20 Isometric Posterior Chain Test.
Hamstring injuries are associated with decreased hamstring strength. Matinlauri et al.'s 90:20 Isometric Posterior Chain Test (90:20 IPCT) efficiently assesses hamstring strength, but has not been validated so far. Furthermore, their rather unprecise original instruction allows high variability...
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| Format: | Article |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2024-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0312843 |
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| author | Dominic Michael Rasp Florian Kurt Paternoster Jan Kern Ansgar Schwirtz |
| author_facet | Dominic Michael Rasp Florian Kurt Paternoster Jan Kern Ansgar Schwirtz |
| author_sort | Dominic Michael Rasp |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hamstring injuries are associated with decreased hamstring strength. Matinlauri et al.'s 90:20 Isometric Posterior Chain Test (90:20 IPCT) efficiently assesses hamstring strength, but has not been validated so far. Furthermore, their rather unprecise original instruction allows high variability in test execution. We added a new instruction and variables and examined, whether this measure leads to increased reliability and validity. We assessed hamstring strength of 23 sport students via the 90:20 IPCT under the original instruction, to exert vertical force, and our new instruction, to exert vertical and horizontal force. Instead of only using bare vertical force as variable under the original (Fz_V) and our new instruction (Fz_VH), we also calculated the resultant force (Fres_VH) and the applied torque onto the force place (M_F_ortho_VH). To test for validity, we correlated the outcome variables with peak torque of gold standard dynamometry. Furthermore, we measured muscle activities of the mm. rectus femoris, biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and gluteus maximus under our new instruction and compared them to those under the original variable (Fz_V) via one sample t-tests. To evaluate reliability, tests were repeated on two separate days, for which we calculated intra class correlation coefficients (ICCs) and coefficients of variation (CVs). Our new instruction and variables (Fz_VH, Fres_VH, M_F_ortho_VH) showed better validity (mean r = 0.77, r = 0.81, and r = 0.85) and equally good or better reliability (ICCs: 0.87, 0.89, and 0.94; CVs: 4.7%, 4.1%, and 4.7%) than the original instruction and variable (Fz_V) (mean r = 0.70; ICC: 0.91; CV: 5.6%). There were no differences in muscle activities between the variables and instructions of the 90:20 IPCT. We recommend our new instruction and the applied torque onto the force plate as it makes the 90:20 IPCT a more reliable and valid tool to assess hamstring strength. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0eb94d2824af4f3f962e27db02a773c0 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj-art-0eb94d2824af4f3f962e27db02a773c02025-08-20T03:02:14ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032024-01-011910e031284310.1371/journal.pone.0312843Precise instruction and consideration of the vertical and horizontal force component increases validity and reliability of the 90:20 Isometric Posterior Chain Test.Dominic Michael RaspFlorian Kurt PaternosterJan KernAnsgar SchwirtzHamstring injuries are associated with decreased hamstring strength. Matinlauri et al.'s 90:20 Isometric Posterior Chain Test (90:20 IPCT) efficiently assesses hamstring strength, but has not been validated so far. Furthermore, their rather unprecise original instruction allows high variability in test execution. We added a new instruction and variables and examined, whether this measure leads to increased reliability and validity. We assessed hamstring strength of 23 sport students via the 90:20 IPCT under the original instruction, to exert vertical force, and our new instruction, to exert vertical and horizontal force. Instead of only using bare vertical force as variable under the original (Fz_V) and our new instruction (Fz_VH), we also calculated the resultant force (Fres_VH) and the applied torque onto the force place (M_F_ortho_VH). To test for validity, we correlated the outcome variables with peak torque of gold standard dynamometry. Furthermore, we measured muscle activities of the mm. rectus femoris, biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and gluteus maximus under our new instruction and compared them to those under the original variable (Fz_V) via one sample t-tests. To evaluate reliability, tests were repeated on two separate days, for which we calculated intra class correlation coefficients (ICCs) and coefficients of variation (CVs). Our new instruction and variables (Fz_VH, Fres_VH, M_F_ortho_VH) showed better validity (mean r = 0.77, r = 0.81, and r = 0.85) and equally good or better reliability (ICCs: 0.87, 0.89, and 0.94; CVs: 4.7%, 4.1%, and 4.7%) than the original instruction and variable (Fz_V) (mean r = 0.70; ICC: 0.91; CV: 5.6%). There were no differences in muscle activities between the variables and instructions of the 90:20 IPCT. We recommend our new instruction and the applied torque onto the force plate as it makes the 90:20 IPCT a more reliable and valid tool to assess hamstring strength.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0312843 |
| spellingShingle | Dominic Michael Rasp Florian Kurt Paternoster Jan Kern Ansgar Schwirtz Precise instruction and consideration of the vertical and horizontal force component increases validity and reliability of the 90:20 Isometric Posterior Chain Test. PLoS ONE |
| title | Precise instruction and consideration of the vertical and horizontal force component increases validity and reliability of the 90:20 Isometric Posterior Chain Test. |
| title_full | Precise instruction and consideration of the vertical and horizontal force component increases validity and reliability of the 90:20 Isometric Posterior Chain Test. |
| title_fullStr | Precise instruction and consideration of the vertical and horizontal force component increases validity and reliability of the 90:20 Isometric Posterior Chain Test. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Precise instruction and consideration of the vertical and horizontal force component increases validity and reliability of the 90:20 Isometric Posterior Chain Test. |
| title_short | Precise instruction and consideration of the vertical and horizontal force component increases validity and reliability of the 90:20 Isometric Posterior Chain Test. |
| title_sort | precise instruction and consideration of the vertical and horizontal force component increases validity and reliability of the 90 20 isometric posterior chain test |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0312843 |
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