SOD1 Deficiency Reveals Indirect Redox Stress Mechanisms Underlying Vanillin Toxicity in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> Yeast
Vanillin is a compound of great utility, and its production is, among others, based on using microorganisms such as <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> yeast. The effect of vanillin on cells is not fully understood. It has been demonstrated that vanillin induces oxidative stress; however, ev...
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MDPI AG
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/7/842 |
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| author | Sabina Bednarska Magdalena Kwolek-Mirek Roman Maslanka Dominika Graboś Gabriela Świniuch Renata Zadrag-Tecza |
| author_facet | Sabina Bednarska Magdalena Kwolek-Mirek Roman Maslanka Dominika Graboś Gabriela Świniuch Renata Zadrag-Tecza |
| author_sort | Sabina Bednarska |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Vanillin is a compound of great utility, and its production is, among others, based on using microorganisms such as <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> yeast. The effect of vanillin on cells is not fully understood. It has been demonstrated that vanillin induces oxidative stress; however, evidence also suggests its beneficial effects, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. For this reason, the present study was designed to elucidate the mechanism of vanillin’s action and to ascertain the extent to which its toxic effect is attributable to oxidative stress. The studies were conducted using wild-type and Δ<i>sod1</i> mutant strains. SOD1 deficiency results in cell hypersensitivity to oxidative factors, thus making the mutant strain a valuable model for investigating various aspects of oxidative stress. Based on an evaluation of cell vitality, Yap1p activation, ROS content, and glutathione and NADP(H) content, it can be concluded that oxidative stress is a secondary effect of metabolic and redox perturbations in cells rather than a direct consequence of vanillin reactivity. Furthermore, alterations observed in the redox couples GSH/GSSG and NADPH/NADP<sup>+</sup> are one of the reasons for oxidative stress and suggest that vanillin may induce the utilization of NADPH for cellular needs other than antioxidant effects. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0e9fc555f64c43c4a133ccf9ea8cca56 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj-art-0e9fc555f64c43c4a133ccf9ea8cca562025-08-20T02:45:33ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212025-07-0114784210.3390/antiox14070842SOD1 Deficiency Reveals Indirect Redox Stress Mechanisms Underlying Vanillin Toxicity in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> YeastSabina Bednarska0Magdalena Kwolek-Mirek1Roman Maslanka2Dominika Graboś3Gabriela Świniuch4Renata Zadrag-Tecza5Faculty of Biology and Nature Protection, University of Rzeszów, 35-601 Rzeszów, PolandFaculty of Biology and Nature Protection, University of Rzeszów, 35-601 Rzeszów, PolandFaculty of Biology and Nature Protection, University of Rzeszów, 35-601 Rzeszów, PolandFaculty of Biology and Nature Protection, University of Rzeszów, 35-601 Rzeszów, PolandFaculty of Biology and Nature Protection, University of Rzeszów, 35-601 Rzeszów, PolandFaculty of Biology and Nature Protection, University of Rzeszów, 35-601 Rzeszów, PolandVanillin is a compound of great utility, and its production is, among others, based on using microorganisms such as <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> yeast. The effect of vanillin on cells is not fully understood. It has been demonstrated that vanillin induces oxidative stress; however, evidence also suggests its beneficial effects, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. For this reason, the present study was designed to elucidate the mechanism of vanillin’s action and to ascertain the extent to which its toxic effect is attributable to oxidative stress. The studies were conducted using wild-type and Δ<i>sod1</i> mutant strains. SOD1 deficiency results in cell hypersensitivity to oxidative factors, thus making the mutant strain a valuable model for investigating various aspects of oxidative stress. Based on an evaluation of cell vitality, Yap1p activation, ROS content, and glutathione and NADP(H) content, it can be concluded that oxidative stress is a secondary effect of metabolic and redox perturbations in cells rather than a direct consequence of vanillin reactivity. Furthermore, alterations observed in the redox couples GSH/GSSG and NADPH/NADP<sup>+</sup> are one of the reasons for oxidative stress and suggest that vanillin may induce the utilization of NADPH for cellular needs other than antioxidant effects.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/7/842vanillinoxidative stresssuperoxide dismutaseROSredox homeostasis<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> |
| spellingShingle | Sabina Bednarska Magdalena Kwolek-Mirek Roman Maslanka Dominika Graboś Gabriela Świniuch Renata Zadrag-Tecza SOD1 Deficiency Reveals Indirect Redox Stress Mechanisms Underlying Vanillin Toxicity in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> Yeast Antioxidants vanillin oxidative stress superoxide dismutase ROS redox homeostasis <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> |
| title | SOD1 Deficiency Reveals Indirect Redox Stress Mechanisms Underlying Vanillin Toxicity in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> Yeast |
| title_full | SOD1 Deficiency Reveals Indirect Redox Stress Mechanisms Underlying Vanillin Toxicity in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> Yeast |
| title_fullStr | SOD1 Deficiency Reveals Indirect Redox Stress Mechanisms Underlying Vanillin Toxicity in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> Yeast |
| title_full_unstemmed | SOD1 Deficiency Reveals Indirect Redox Stress Mechanisms Underlying Vanillin Toxicity in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> Yeast |
| title_short | SOD1 Deficiency Reveals Indirect Redox Stress Mechanisms Underlying Vanillin Toxicity in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> Yeast |
| title_sort | sod1 deficiency reveals indirect redox stress mechanisms underlying vanillin toxicity in i saccharomyces cerevisiae i yeast |
| topic | vanillin oxidative stress superoxide dismutase ROS redox homeostasis <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/7/842 |
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