Features of the course of primary and recurrent herpetic keratitis developing following COVID-19 vaccination
Purpose: To assess the features of the course of primary and recurrent herpetic keratitis (HK) developing following COVID-19 vaccination. Material and Methods: Medical records of 31 patients (34 eyes) with post-COVID-19 vaccination HK were reviewed. The patients were divided into two post-COVID-1...
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| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Ukrainian Society of Ophthalmologists
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Journal of Ophthalmology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ua.ozhurnal.com/index.php/files/article/view/224 |
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| Summary: | Purpose: To assess the features of the course of primary and recurrent herpetic keratitis (HK) developing following COVID-19 vaccination.
Material and Methods: Medical records of 31 patients (34 eyes) with post-COVID-19 vaccination HK were reviewed. The patients were divided into two post-COVID-19 vaccination HK groups: group 1 with primary HK (9 patients; 9 eyes) and group 2 with recurrent HK (22 patients; 25 eyes). Levels of total vitamin D, and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike receptor-binding domain (S-RBD), herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1/2, cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen (EBNA) were assessed in venous serum.
Results: The median time (interquartile range (IQR)) from COVID-19 vaccination to the development of keratitis was 15 days (10-30) for patients with primary HK and 7 days (4-10) for patients with recurrent HK. The level of vitamin D in venous serum was lower than normal in 84.2% of the total sample of patients. Of the eyes that developed primary HK following COVID-19 vaccination, 3 (33.3%) had dendritic HK and 6 (66.7%) had non-necrotizing stromal HK. Of the eyes that developed recurrent HK following COVID-19 vaccination, 2 (8%) had dendritic HK, 21 (81%) had non-necrotizing stromal HK and 2 (6%) had ulcerative necrotizing HK.
Conclusion: Non-necrotizing stromal HK was the most common form of post COVID-19 vaccination HK in both groups. The level of vitamin D in venous serum was lower than normal in 84.2% of post COVID-19 vaccination patients with HK. Levels of anti-HSV IgG, anti-EBNA IgG, anti-VZV IgG, and anti-CMV IgG antibodies in venous serum exceeded normal ranges in 86.5%, 96.4%, 92%, and 88.8%, respectively, of post COVID-19 vaccination patients with HK. |
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| ISSN: | 2412-8740 |