Effects of Ethylene Inhibitors on the Long-Term Maintenance of the Embryogenic Callus of <i>Vitis vinifera</i> L.

<i>Vitis vinifera</i> is an important fruit crop which is mainly consumed fresh or used for the production of wine. Genetic improvement programs through New Genomic Techniques (NGTs) aim to develop grapevine varieties resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses or enhancing nutraceutical pr...

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Main Authors: Lucia Rosaria Forleo, Teodora Basile, Bruna Suriano, Flavia Angela Maria Maggiolini, Margherita D’Amico, Maria Francesca Cardone, Riccardo Velasco, Carlo Bergamini
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-09-01
Series:Horticulturae
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/10/10/1038
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author Lucia Rosaria Forleo
Teodora Basile
Bruna Suriano
Flavia Angela Maria Maggiolini
Margherita D’Amico
Maria Francesca Cardone
Riccardo Velasco
Carlo Bergamini
author_facet Lucia Rosaria Forleo
Teodora Basile
Bruna Suriano
Flavia Angela Maria Maggiolini
Margherita D’Amico
Maria Francesca Cardone
Riccardo Velasco
Carlo Bergamini
author_sort Lucia Rosaria Forleo
collection DOAJ
description <i>Vitis vinifera</i> is an important fruit crop which is mainly consumed fresh or used for the production of wine. Genetic improvement programs through New Genomic Techniques (NGTs) aim to develop grapevine varieties resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses or enhancing nutraceutical properties. In order to apply NGTs, maintaining embryogenic calluses from flower tissues is critical. Optimizing culture conditions—pH, gelling agents, temperature, light, growth regulators, and gas composition—is essential for inducing efficient embryogenic responses tailored to each genotype/explant. Ethylene, a pivotal gaseous plant hormone, significantly influences tissue culture by affecting organogenesis and embryogenesis processes in several plants. Modulating ethylene levels shows promise for improving tissue culture vitality. This study evaluates in <i>Vitis vinifera</i> the effects of silver thiosulfate (STS) and salicylic acid (SA) on embryogenic callus growth, specifically investigating their roles in maintaining and inducing embryogenic competence. STS, particularly at 40 µM and 60 µM concentrations, effectively preserved embryogenic competence in Italia and Red Globe calluses, while high SA concentrations showed varied and occasionally adverse effects. At the same time, STS markedly suppressed the non-embryogenic callus growth in recalcitrant variety Italia, potentially increasing the ratio between embryogenic to non-embryogenic calluses development.
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spelling doaj-art-0e76731f6d24483b9804ee8f70f0e91b2025-08-20T02:11:13ZengMDPI AGHorticulturae2311-75242024-09-011010103810.3390/horticulturae10101038Effects of Ethylene Inhibitors on the Long-Term Maintenance of the Embryogenic Callus of <i>Vitis vinifera</i> L.Lucia Rosaria Forleo0Teodora Basile1Bruna Suriano2Flavia Angela Maria Maggiolini3Margherita D’Amico4Maria Francesca Cardone5Riccardo Velasco6Carlo Bergamini7CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics—Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Via Casamassima 148, 70010 Turi, ItalyCREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics—Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Via Casamassima 148, 70010 Turi, ItalyCREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics—Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Via Casamassima 148, 70010 Turi, ItalyCREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics—Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Via Casamassima 148, 70010 Turi, ItalyCREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics—Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Via Casamassima 148, 70010 Turi, ItalyCREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics—Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Via Casamassima 148, 70010 Turi, ItalyCREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics—Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Via Casamassima 148, 70010 Turi, ItalyCREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics—Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Via Casamassima 148, 70010 Turi, Italy<i>Vitis vinifera</i> is an important fruit crop which is mainly consumed fresh or used for the production of wine. Genetic improvement programs through New Genomic Techniques (NGTs) aim to develop grapevine varieties resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses or enhancing nutraceutical properties. In order to apply NGTs, maintaining embryogenic calluses from flower tissues is critical. Optimizing culture conditions—pH, gelling agents, temperature, light, growth regulators, and gas composition—is essential for inducing efficient embryogenic responses tailored to each genotype/explant. Ethylene, a pivotal gaseous plant hormone, significantly influences tissue culture by affecting organogenesis and embryogenesis processes in several plants. Modulating ethylene levels shows promise for improving tissue culture vitality. This study evaluates in <i>Vitis vinifera</i> the effects of silver thiosulfate (STS) and salicylic acid (SA) on embryogenic callus growth, specifically investigating their roles in maintaining and inducing embryogenic competence. STS, particularly at 40 µM and 60 µM concentrations, effectively preserved embryogenic competence in Italia and Red Globe calluses, while high SA concentrations showed varied and occasionally adverse effects. At the same time, STS markedly suppressed the non-embryogenic callus growth in recalcitrant variety Italia, potentially increasing the ratio between embryogenic to non-embryogenic calluses development.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/10/10/1038embryogenic callusethylene inhibitorsilver thiosulphatesalicylic acid<i>Vitis vinifera</i>
spellingShingle Lucia Rosaria Forleo
Teodora Basile
Bruna Suriano
Flavia Angela Maria Maggiolini
Margherita D’Amico
Maria Francesca Cardone
Riccardo Velasco
Carlo Bergamini
Effects of Ethylene Inhibitors on the Long-Term Maintenance of the Embryogenic Callus of <i>Vitis vinifera</i> L.
Horticulturae
embryogenic callus
ethylene inhibitor
silver thiosulphate
salicylic acid
<i>Vitis vinifera</i>
title Effects of Ethylene Inhibitors on the Long-Term Maintenance of the Embryogenic Callus of <i>Vitis vinifera</i> L.
title_full Effects of Ethylene Inhibitors on the Long-Term Maintenance of the Embryogenic Callus of <i>Vitis vinifera</i> L.
title_fullStr Effects of Ethylene Inhibitors on the Long-Term Maintenance of the Embryogenic Callus of <i>Vitis vinifera</i> L.
title_full_unstemmed Effects of Ethylene Inhibitors on the Long-Term Maintenance of the Embryogenic Callus of <i>Vitis vinifera</i> L.
title_short Effects of Ethylene Inhibitors on the Long-Term Maintenance of the Embryogenic Callus of <i>Vitis vinifera</i> L.
title_sort effects of ethylene inhibitors on the long term maintenance of the embryogenic callus of i vitis vinifera i l
topic embryogenic callus
ethylene inhibitor
silver thiosulphate
salicylic acid
<i>Vitis vinifera</i>
url https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/10/10/1038
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