Epidemiology of Overweight and Obesity in Early Childhood in China and Associated Factors

Hongai Li,1,* Wei Xiang,1,2,* Yajun Yi,3 Xiaoyan Huang,1 Hailing Luo,1 Yuhua Cai,1 Li Liu,1 Haidan Li,1 Yan Huang,1 Qing Luo,1 Lichun Fan,1 Qiuyu Lin1 1Department of Pediatrics, Hainan Women and Children’s Medical Center (Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Hainan Medical Unive...

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Main Authors: Li H, Xiang W, Yi Y, Huang X, Luo H, Cai Y, Liu L, Huang Y, Luo Q, Fan L, Lin Q
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Dove Medical Press 2025-05-01
Series:Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity
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Online Access:https://www.dovepress.com/epidemiology-of-overweight-and-obesity-in-early-childhood-in-china-and-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-DMSO
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author Li H
Xiang W
Yi Y
Huang X
Luo H
Cai Y
Liu L
Li H
Huang Y
Luo Q
Fan L
Lin Q
author_facet Li H
Xiang W
Yi Y
Huang X
Luo H
Cai Y
Liu L
Li H
Huang Y
Luo Q
Fan L
Lin Q
author_sort Li H
collection DOAJ
description Hongai Li,1,* Wei Xiang,1,2,* Yajun Yi,3 Xiaoyan Huang,1 Hailing Luo,1 Yuhua Cai,1 Li Liu,1 Haidan Li,1 Yan Huang,1 Qing Luo,1 Lichun Fan,1 Qiuyu Lin1 1Department of Pediatrics, Hainan Women and Children’s Medical Center (Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Hainan Medical University), Haikou, 570206, People’s Republic of China; 2National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Control of Tropical Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Qiuyu Lin, Department of Pediatrics, Hainan Women and Children’s Medical Center (Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Hainan Medical University), Haikou, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8615595779936, Fax +86089836689190, Email 45024711@qq.com Lichun Fan, Department of Pediatrics, Hainan Women and Children’s Medical Center (Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Hainan Medical University), Haikou, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8618689852199, Email 285562830@qq.comObjective: To evaluate the epidemiological landscape and identify the risk factors associated with overweight and obesity in early childhood in China.Methods: We collected measurements of weight and height and calculated the body mass index (BMI) for preschool children. The overweight and obesity status of children aged 2 to 6 years was examined using the 2005 China BMI growth chart. WHO weight-for-length (WFL) charts were used to identify those at risk for early childhood overweight. Data on potential risk factors for childhood overweight/obesity were obtained through questionnaires. Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the association between risk factors and overweight/obesity.Results: Among the 13,896 participants, 7.5% of infants and toddlers were overweight, 18.4% of preschoolers were overweight, and 10.3% of preschoolers were obese. The prevalence of obesity among preschool boys (12.6%) was significantly greater than that among preschool girls (7.7%, p< 0.001). Our analysis identified nine risk factors significantly associated with an increased risk of early childhood overweight or obesity. These include guardian status, paternal height, frequency of weekly candy consumption, maternal weight, leg circumference, waist circumference, age at the onset of overweight, age group, and maternal education level. In addition, children born to overweight mothers had a 1.02-fold higher likelihood of being overweight/obese compared to children with mothers of normal weight (95% confidence interval: 1.00– 1.03; p=0.0106). Upon adjustment for all potentially confounding variables, the odds ratios for the frequency of weekly candy consumption in children were negatively linked to overweight/obesity (0.98; 95% confidence interval: 0.96– 1.00). In addition, gender-dietary habit interactions significantly influenced the risk of overweight/obesity in both positive and negative directions.Conclusion: Our research on the prevalence and predictors of overweight/obesity in preschool children underscores the importance of recognizing and understanding early childhood obesity within its context. Obesity prevention efforts should target key risk factors, such as parental obesity and unhealthy early childhood lifestyles.Keywords: epidemiology, obesity, preschool children, infant, toddler
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spelling doaj-art-0e52069c380c4317a7eea2d775f93e022025-08-20T02:24:13ZengDove Medical PressDiabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity1178-70072025-05-01Volume 18Issue 118091822103401Epidemiology of Overweight and Obesity in Early Childhood in China and Associated FactorsLi H0Xiang W1Yi Y2Huang X3Luo HCai YLiu LLi H4Huang Y5Luo Q6Fan L7Lin Q8Department of PediatricsDepartment of pediatricMedicinechildren genetic and endocriology departmentDepartment of PediatricsChild Health CareDepartment of Child Health CareDepartment of Child Health CarePediatric respiratory departmentHongai Li,1,* Wei Xiang,1,2,* Yajun Yi,3 Xiaoyan Huang,1 Hailing Luo,1 Yuhua Cai,1 Li Liu,1 Haidan Li,1 Yan Huang,1 Qing Luo,1 Lichun Fan,1 Qiuyu Lin1 1Department of Pediatrics, Hainan Women and Children’s Medical Center (Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Hainan Medical University), Haikou, 570206, People’s Republic of China; 2National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Control of Tropical Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Qiuyu Lin, Department of Pediatrics, Hainan Women and Children’s Medical Center (Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Hainan Medical University), Haikou, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8615595779936, Fax +86089836689190, Email 45024711@qq.com Lichun Fan, Department of Pediatrics, Hainan Women and Children’s Medical Center (Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Hainan Medical University), Haikou, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8618689852199, Email 285562830@qq.comObjective: To evaluate the epidemiological landscape and identify the risk factors associated with overweight and obesity in early childhood in China.Methods: We collected measurements of weight and height and calculated the body mass index (BMI) for preschool children. The overweight and obesity status of children aged 2 to 6 years was examined using the 2005 China BMI growth chart. WHO weight-for-length (WFL) charts were used to identify those at risk for early childhood overweight. Data on potential risk factors for childhood overweight/obesity were obtained through questionnaires. Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the association between risk factors and overweight/obesity.Results: Among the 13,896 participants, 7.5% of infants and toddlers were overweight, 18.4% of preschoolers were overweight, and 10.3% of preschoolers were obese. The prevalence of obesity among preschool boys (12.6%) was significantly greater than that among preschool girls (7.7%, p< 0.001). Our analysis identified nine risk factors significantly associated with an increased risk of early childhood overweight or obesity. These include guardian status, paternal height, frequency of weekly candy consumption, maternal weight, leg circumference, waist circumference, age at the onset of overweight, age group, and maternal education level. In addition, children born to overweight mothers had a 1.02-fold higher likelihood of being overweight/obese compared to children with mothers of normal weight (95% confidence interval: 1.00– 1.03; p=0.0106). Upon adjustment for all potentially confounding variables, the odds ratios for the frequency of weekly candy consumption in children were negatively linked to overweight/obesity (0.98; 95% confidence interval: 0.96– 1.00). In addition, gender-dietary habit interactions significantly influenced the risk of overweight/obesity in both positive and negative directions.Conclusion: Our research on the prevalence and predictors of overweight/obesity in preschool children underscores the importance of recognizing and understanding early childhood obesity within its context. Obesity prevention efforts should target key risk factors, such as parental obesity and unhealthy early childhood lifestyles.Keywords: epidemiology, obesity, preschool children, infant, toddlerhttps://www.dovepress.com/epidemiology-of-overweight-and-obesity-in-early-childhood-in-china-and-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-DMSOepidemiologyobesitypreschool childreninfanttoddler
spellingShingle Li H
Xiang W
Yi Y
Huang X
Luo H
Cai Y
Liu L
Li H
Huang Y
Luo Q
Fan L
Lin Q
Epidemiology of Overweight and Obesity in Early Childhood in China and Associated Factors
Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity
epidemiology
obesity
preschool children
infant
toddler
title Epidemiology of Overweight and Obesity in Early Childhood in China and Associated Factors
title_full Epidemiology of Overweight and Obesity in Early Childhood in China and Associated Factors
title_fullStr Epidemiology of Overweight and Obesity in Early Childhood in China and Associated Factors
title_full_unstemmed Epidemiology of Overweight and Obesity in Early Childhood in China and Associated Factors
title_short Epidemiology of Overweight and Obesity in Early Childhood in China and Associated Factors
title_sort epidemiology of overweight and obesity in early childhood in china and associated factors
topic epidemiology
obesity
preschool children
infant
toddler
url https://www.dovepress.com/epidemiology-of-overweight-and-obesity-in-early-childhood-in-china-and-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-DMSO
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