The digestion time for salmon louse (Lepeoptheirus salmonis) in lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) in relation to freshness, developmental stage, and temperature.

Sea lice infestations cause significant economic losses in the Atlantic salmon aquaculture industry. To biologically control sea lice at farming sites, cleaner fish such as lumpfish are employed. However, the efficacy of lumpfish is under constant debate, primarily due to limited knowledge of digest...

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Main Authors: Kirstin Eliasen, Sandra Ljósá Østerø, Tróndur Tummasarson Johannesen, Esbern Jóannes Patursson, Ása Jacobsen, Agnes Mols Mortensen, Marner Nolsøe, Ása Johannesen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2025-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0311073
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author Kirstin Eliasen
Sandra Ljósá Østerø
Tróndur Tummasarson Johannesen
Esbern Jóannes Patursson
Ása Jacobsen
Agnes Mols Mortensen
Marner Nolsøe
Ása Johannesen
author_facet Kirstin Eliasen
Sandra Ljósá Østerø
Tróndur Tummasarson Johannesen
Esbern Jóannes Patursson
Ása Jacobsen
Agnes Mols Mortensen
Marner Nolsøe
Ása Johannesen
author_sort Kirstin Eliasen
collection DOAJ
description Sea lice infestations cause significant economic losses in the Atlantic salmon aquaculture industry. To biologically control sea lice at farming sites, cleaner fish such as lumpfish are employed. However, the efficacy of lumpfish is under constant debate, primarily due to limited knowledge of digestion times, which makes it difficult to interpret the number of salmon lice found in the stomach contents of dissected lumpfish. The aim of this study was to provide quantitative estimates of the degradation of salmon lice over a period of 12 days. After an acclimation period of approximately one week, batches of eight lumpfish (average weight 94.3 g, SD ± 33.2) were fed salmon lice and arranged in tanks. Each batch received six large mobile lice and two adult female lice. Samplings were conducted at 24-hour intervals during the first four days and at 48-hour intervals over the remaining eight days. The experiment was conducted twice, each at a different temperature regime (6°C and 9°C), using live lice in both trials. To investigate if the freshness of the louse influenced degradation and digestion, the setup was replicated in the 9°C experiment with lice that had been stored frozen at -80°C, with an additional 12-hour sampling point for comprehensive observation. The analysis of salmon lice revealed expected digestion times of 6.4 days and 12.9 days for large mobile and adult female salmon lice, respectively. Temperature and lice freshness did not seem to influence digestion times, but the developmental stage of the lice did. The findings of this study can be used to estimate the cleaning efficacy of lumpfish based on the stomach contents.
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spelling doaj-art-0de218a1f3634f68aedbf932319b34392025-08-20T02:33:15ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032025-01-01203e031107310.1371/journal.pone.0311073The digestion time for salmon louse (Lepeoptheirus salmonis) in lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) in relation to freshness, developmental stage, and temperature.Kirstin EliasenSandra Ljósá ØsterøTróndur Tummasarson JohannesenEsbern Jóannes PaturssonÁsa JacobsenAgnes Mols MortensenMarner NolsøeÁsa JohannesenSea lice infestations cause significant economic losses in the Atlantic salmon aquaculture industry. To biologically control sea lice at farming sites, cleaner fish such as lumpfish are employed. However, the efficacy of lumpfish is under constant debate, primarily due to limited knowledge of digestion times, which makes it difficult to interpret the number of salmon lice found in the stomach contents of dissected lumpfish. The aim of this study was to provide quantitative estimates of the degradation of salmon lice over a period of 12 days. After an acclimation period of approximately one week, batches of eight lumpfish (average weight 94.3 g, SD ± 33.2) were fed salmon lice and arranged in tanks. Each batch received six large mobile lice and two adult female lice. Samplings were conducted at 24-hour intervals during the first four days and at 48-hour intervals over the remaining eight days. The experiment was conducted twice, each at a different temperature regime (6°C and 9°C), using live lice in both trials. To investigate if the freshness of the louse influenced degradation and digestion, the setup was replicated in the 9°C experiment with lice that had been stored frozen at -80°C, with an additional 12-hour sampling point for comprehensive observation. The analysis of salmon lice revealed expected digestion times of 6.4 days and 12.9 days for large mobile and adult female salmon lice, respectively. Temperature and lice freshness did not seem to influence digestion times, but the developmental stage of the lice did. The findings of this study can be used to estimate the cleaning efficacy of lumpfish based on the stomach contents.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0311073
spellingShingle Kirstin Eliasen
Sandra Ljósá Østerø
Tróndur Tummasarson Johannesen
Esbern Jóannes Patursson
Ása Jacobsen
Agnes Mols Mortensen
Marner Nolsøe
Ása Johannesen
The digestion time for salmon louse (Lepeoptheirus salmonis) in lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) in relation to freshness, developmental stage, and temperature.
PLoS ONE
title The digestion time for salmon louse (Lepeoptheirus salmonis) in lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) in relation to freshness, developmental stage, and temperature.
title_full The digestion time for salmon louse (Lepeoptheirus salmonis) in lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) in relation to freshness, developmental stage, and temperature.
title_fullStr The digestion time for salmon louse (Lepeoptheirus salmonis) in lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) in relation to freshness, developmental stage, and temperature.
title_full_unstemmed The digestion time for salmon louse (Lepeoptheirus salmonis) in lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) in relation to freshness, developmental stage, and temperature.
title_short The digestion time for salmon louse (Lepeoptheirus salmonis) in lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) in relation to freshness, developmental stage, and temperature.
title_sort digestion time for salmon louse lepeoptheirus salmonis in lumpfish cyclopterus lumpus in relation to freshness developmental stage and temperature
url https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0311073
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