Aerobic Exercise versus Electronic Cigarette in Vascular Aging Process: First Histological Insight
Smoking is related to vascular aging. However, the hazardous effect of e-cigarette is often debatable, with limited studies available. In contrast, moderate-intensity aerobic exercise is well known to decrease aortic stiffness. We provide novel research to determine the effect of e-cigarette and aer...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2023-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Vascular Medicine |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/8874599 |
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| author | Vito A. Damay null Setiawan Ronny Lesmana Muhammad Rizki Akbar Antonia Anna Lukito Vita M. Tarawan Januar W. Martha J. Nugroho Sony Sugiharto |
| author_facet | Vito A. Damay null Setiawan Ronny Lesmana Muhammad Rizki Akbar Antonia Anna Lukito Vita M. Tarawan Januar W. Martha J. Nugroho Sony Sugiharto |
| author_sort | Vito A. Damay |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Smoking is related to vascular aging. However, the hazardous effect of e-cigarette is often debatable, with limited studies available. In contrast, moderate-intensity aerobic exercise is well known to decrease aortic stiffness. We provide novel research to determine the effect of e-cigarette and aerobic moderate-intensity exercise on the aortic structure of Wistar rats. A total of 26 male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) 8 weeks aged, 200-250 g b.w., were randomly divided into 4 groups, namely, K0 (normal rats), K1 (rats were given moderate-intensity aerobic exercise by animal treadmill 20 m/30 min), K2 (rats were given e-cigarette with 6 mg nicotine, 40% propylene glycol, and 60% vegetable glycerine 30 min for 5 days/week), and K3 (rats were given e-cigarette and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise). After exposure for 6 weeks, all animals were sacrificed to isolate the aorta for histopathological analysis with hematoxylin-eosin stain to evaluate the elastic fiber layer and intimal-medial thickness. The Verhoeff-Van Gieson staining was done for quantification elastic lamina fragmentation. Our study found that the e-cigarette group had the highest elastic lamina fragmentation among groups (8.14±2.85). The exercise only group showed the lowest elastic lamina fragmentation (2.50±1.87). Fragmentation in the e-cigarette and exercise group was higher than in the exercise only group (5.83±0.753 vs. 2.50±1.87, p=0.002). There is a significant difference of NO serum between four groups. The result of post hoc analysis using LSD showed that there is a significant difference of NO serum between K0 and K2, K0 and K3, K1 and K2, and K1 and K3. Therefore, our research demonstrated that the most injury of aorta elastic lamina was in the group that was exposed to e-cigarette that leads to vascular aging while exercise is not yet proven to reverse this effect. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0dd3fdb406a24ce885d7ca243a3b29b6 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2090-2832 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Vascular Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-0dd3fdb406a24ce885d7ca243a3b29b62025-08-20T02:02:30ZengWileyInternational Journal of Vascular Medicine2090-28322023-01-01202310.1155/2023/8874599Aerobic Exercise versus Electronic Cigarette in Vascular Aging Process: First Histological InsightVito A. Damay0null Setiawan1Ronny Lesmana2Muhammad Rizki Akbar3Antonia Anna Lukito4Vita M. Tarawan5Januar W. Martha6J. Nugroho7Sony Sugiharto8Department of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of Biomedical SciencesDepartment of Biomedical SciencesDepartment of Cardiology and Vascular MedicineDepartment of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of Biomedical SciencesDepartment of Cardiology and Vascular MedicineDepartment of Cardiology and Vascular MedicineDepartment of Anatomical PathologySmoking is related to vascular aging. However, the hazardous effect of e-cigarette is often debatable, with limited studies available. In contrast, moderate-intensity aerobic exercise is well known to decrease aortic stiffness. We provide novel research to determine the effect of e-cigarette and aerobic moderate-intensity exercise on the aortic structure of Wistar rats. A total of 26 male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) 8 weeks aged, 200-250 g b.w., were randomly divided into 4 groups, namely, K0 (normal rats), K1 (rats were given moderate-intensity aerobic exercise by animal treadmill 20 m/30 min), K2 (rats were given e-cigarette with 6 mg nicotine, 40% propylene glycol, and 60% vegetable glycerine 30 min for 5 days/week), and K3 (rats were given e-cigarette and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise). After exposure for 6 weeks, all animals were sacrificed to isolate the aorta for histopathological analysis with hematoxylin-eosin stain to evaluate the elastic fiber layer and intimal-medial thickness. The Verhoeff-Van Gieson staining was done for quantification elastic lamina fragmentation. Our study found that the e-cigarette group had the highest elastic lamina fragmentation among groups (8.14±2.85). The exercise only group showed the lowest elastic lamina fragmentation (2.50±1.87). Fragmentation in the e-cigarette and exercise group was higher than in the exercise only group (5.83±0.753 vs. 2.50±1.87, p=0.002). There is a significant difference of NO serum between four groups. The result of post hoc analysis using LSD showed that there is a significant difference of NO serum between K0 and K2, K0 and K3, K1 and K2, and K1 and K3. Therefore, our research demonstrated that the most injury of aorta elastic lamina was in the group that was exposed to e-cigarette that leads to vascular aging while exercise is not yet proven to reverse this effect.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/8874599 |
| spellingShingle | Vito A. Damay null Setiawan Ronny Lesmana Muhammad Rizki Akbar Antonia Anna Lukito Vita M. Tarawan Januar W. Martha J. Nugroho Sony Sugiharto Aerobic Exercise versus Electronic Cigarette in Vascular Aging Process: First Histological Insight International Journal of Vascular Medicine |
| title | Aerobic Exercise versus Electronic Cigarette in Vascular Aging Process: First Histological Insight |
| title_full | Aerobic Exercise versus Electronic Cigarette in Vascular Aging Process: First Histological Insight |
| title_fullStr | Aerobic Exercise versus Electronic Cigarette in Vascular Aging Process: First Histological Insight |
| title_full_unstemmed | Aerobic Exercise versus Electronic Cigarette in Vascular Aging Process: First Histological Insight |
| title_short | Aerobic Exercise versus Electronic Cigarette in Vascular Aging Process: First Histological Insight |
| title_sort | aerobic exercise versus electronic cigarette in vascular aging process first histological insight |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/8874599 |
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