Adherence to recommended diet among patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 on follow-up at Adama Hospital Medical College, Ethiopia

IntroductionNon-adherence to dietary guidelines is a significant challenge in managing diabetes mellitus and its complications. Its consequences were significantly associated with a deterioration in patients’ quality of life and an increased socioeconomic burden on healthcare delivery systems. This...

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Main Authors: Saron Abose, Godana Arero Dassie, Abebe Megerso, Tesfaye Getachew Charkos
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2024-11-01
Series:Frontiers in Medicine
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2024.1484071/full
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author Saron Abose
Godana Arero Dassie
Abebe Megerso
Tesfaye Getachew Charkos
author_facet Saron Abose
Godana Arero Dassie
Abebe Megerso
Tesfaye Getachew Charkos
author_sort Saron Abose
collection DOAJ
description IntroductionNon-adherence to dietary guidelines is a significant challenge in managing diabetes mellitus and its complications. Its consequences were significantly associated with a deterioration in patients’ quality of life and an increased socioeconomic burden on healthcare delivery systems. This study aimed to assess the magnitude of adherence to recommended diet and associated factors among patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 on follow-up care at Adama Hospital Medical College Oromia, Ethiopia.MethodsA hospital-based cross-sectional study design was conducted. Participants were selected through systematic random sampling. Data were collected using structured, interviewer-administered questionnaires. The perceived dietary adherence questionnaire was used to assess the level of dietary adherence. A simple binary logistic regression was used to identify candidate variables, while a multivariable logistic regression assessed factors associated with adherence to the recommended diet. A p-value <0.05 were considered as statistically significant. All analyses were performed using SPSS and R programming software.ResultA total of 405 participants were included in the study, with a response rate of 96.2%. The magnitude of non-adherence to the recommended diet was 64.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 59.8, 68.6). In the multivariable logistic regression model, patients with low and middle income (AOR = 8.0; 95% CI: 3.4, 19.2) and (AOR = 2.75; 95% CI: 1.49, 5.55) respectively, high glycemic level (AOR = 2.15; 95% CI: 1.17, 3.94), food insecure (AOR = 12.7; 95% CI: 5.79, 28.2), poor diabetic knowledge (AOR = 2.88; 95% CI: 1.49, 5.55) and low perceived susceptibility (AOR = 2.97; 95% CI: 1.62, 5.45) were significantly associated factors for non-adherence to recommended diet among patients with diabetes mellitus type 2.ConclusionThis study revealed that approximately two-thirds of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus experienced non-adherence to the recommended diet. Key factors linked to dietary non-adherence among T2DM patients include low to middle income, elevated glycemic levels, household food insecurity, limited diabetes knowledge, and low perceived susceptibility. An integrated approach that combines socioeconomic support, nutritional guidance, and risk awareness may greatly enhance dietary adherence and optimize diabetes management.
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spelling doaj-art-0dcaf24ccbef4bb8a18e0e7b9ca22a502025-08-20T02:22:40ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Medicine2296-858X2024-11-011110.3389/fmed.2024.14840711484071Adherence to recommended diet among patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 on follow-up at Adama Hospital Medical College, EthiopiaSaron AboseGodana Arero DassieAbebe MegersoTesfaye Getachew CharkosIntroductionNon-adherence to dietary guidelines is a significant challenge in managing diabetes mellitus and its complications. Its consequences were significantly associated with a deterioration in patients’ quality of life and an increased socioeconomic burden on healthcare delivery systems. This study aimed to assess the magnitude of adherence to recommended diet and associated factors among patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 on follow-up care at Adama Hospital Medical College Oromia, Ethiopia.MethodsA hospital-based cross-sectional study design was conducted. Participants were selected through systematic random sampling. Data were collected using structured, interviewer-administered questionnaires. The perceived dietary adherence questionnaire was used to assess the level of dietary adherence. A simple binary logistic regression was used to identify candidate variables, while a multivariable logistic regression assessed factors associated with adherence to the recommended diet. A p-value <0.05 were considered as statistically significant. All analyses were performed using SPSS and R programming software.ResultA total of 405 participants were included in the study, with a response rate of 96.2%. The magnitude of non-adherence to the recommended diet was 64.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 59.8, 68.6). In the multivariable logistic regression model, patients with low and middle income (AOR = 8.0; 95% CI: 3.4, 19.2) and (AOR = 2.75; 95% CI: 1.49, 5.55) respectively, high glycemic level (AOR = 2.15; 95% CI: 1.17, 3.94), food insecure (AOR = 12.7; 95% CI: 5.79, 28.2), poor diabetic knowledge (AOR = 2.88; 95% CI: 1.49, 5.55) and low perceived susceptibility (AOR = 2.97; 95% CI: 1.62, 5.45) were significantly associated factors for non-adherence to recommended diet among patients with diabetes mellitus type 2.ConclusionThis study revealed that approximately two-thirds of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus experienced non-adherence to the recommended diet. Key factors linked to dietary non-adherence among T2DM patients include low to middle income, elevated glycemic levels, household food insecurity, limited diabetes knowledge, and low perceived susceptibility. An integrated approach that combines socioeconomic support, nutritional guidance, and risk awareness may greatly enhance dietary adherence and optimize diabetes management.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2024.1484071/fulldietarynon-adherencetype 2 diabetic mellitus patientsAdamaEthiopia
spellingShingle Saron Abose
Godana Arero Dassie
Abebe Megerso
Tesfaye Getachew Charkos
Adherence to recommended diet among patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 on follow-up at Adama Hospital Medical College, Ethiopia
Frontiers in Medicine
dietary
non-adherence
type 2 diabetic mellitus patients
Adama
Ethiopia
title Adherence to recommended diet among patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 on follow-up at Adama Hospital Medical College, Ethiopia
title_full Adherence to recommended diet among patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 on follow-up at Adama Hospital Medical College, Ethiopia
title_fullStr Adherence to recommended diet among patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 on follow-up at Adama Hospital Medical College, Ethiopia
title_full_unstemmed Adherence to recommended diet among patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 on follow-up at Adama Hospital Medical College, Ethiopia
title_short Adherence to recommended diet among patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 on follow-up at Adama Hospital Medical College, Ethiopia
title_sort adherence to recommended diet among patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 on follow up at adama hospital medical college ethiopia
topic dietary
non-adherence
type 2 diabetic mellitus patients
Adama
Ethiopia
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2024.1484071/full
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