Pathology and VP2-Based Characterization of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Associated with an Outbreak in Layer Chickens in Ghana
Infectious bursal disease (IBD) continues to threaten poultry production globally, with highly virulent strains circulating in many parts of Africa. In this study, molecular characterization was performed on a circulating infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) strain from an outbreak in a layer floc...
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2024-12-01
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| author | Ben Enyetornye Henry A. Abugri Ama K. Kusi-Appiah Grazieli Maboni Theophilus Odoom Nicole L. Gottdenker Binu T. Velayudhan |
| author_facet | Ben Enyetornye Henry A. Abugri Ama K. Kusi-Appiah Grazieli Maboni Theophilus Odoom Nicole L. Gottdenker Binu T. Velayudhan |
| author_sort | Ben Enyetornye |
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| description | Infectious bursal disease (IBD) continues to threaten poultry production globally, with highly virulent strains circulating in many parts of Africa. In this study, molecular characterization was performed on a circulating infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) strain from an outbreak in a layer flock in Ghana. Layer chicks presented for necropsy had markedly enlarged and hemorrhagic bursae of Fabricius, with necrotic foci and catarrhal exudate on the serosal surface. Histopathology of the bursa of Fabricius revealed scattered to effacing hemorrhages on the plicae, extensive necrosis with expansion of the stroma between the follicles, and depletion of lymphocytes within the interfollicular epithelium. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and subsequent sequencing of the VP2 gene showed the presence of IBDV in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues. A phylogenetic analysis compared 62 other IBDV sequences from different parts of the world and placed the Ghanaian IBDV in genogroup 3 (vvIBDV), closely related to IBDV from Nigeria. In comparison to reference vvIBDV, there were amino acid substitutions at positions 252, 254, and 300. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report in which an IBDV from a disease outbreak in Ghana has been sequenced and compared with other IBDVs in a phylogenetic analysis. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj-art-0dc9551448e04a49aa299d88095020e22024-12-27T14:45:26ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172024-12-011312111510.3390/pathogens13121115Pathology and VP2-Based Characterization of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Associated with an Outbreak in Layer Chickens in GhanaBen Enyetornye0Henry A. Abugri1Ama K. Kusi-Appiah2Grazieli Maboni3Theophilus Odoom4Nicole L. Gottdenker5Binu T. Velayudhan6Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USASchool of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra P.O. Box LG139, GhanaSchool of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra P.O. Box LG139, GhanaAthens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USAAccra Veterinary Laboratory, Veterinary Services Directorate, Accra P.O. Box GA184, GhanaDepartment of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USAAthens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USAInfectious bursal disease (IBD) continues to threaten poultry production globally, with highly virulent strains circulating in many parts of Africa. In this study, molecular characterization was performed on a circulating infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) strain from an outbreak in a layer flock in Ghana. Layer chicks presented for necropsy had markedly enlarged and hemorrhagic bursae of Fabricius, with necrotic foci and catarrhal exudate on the serosal surface. Histopathology of the bursa of Fabricius revealed scattered to effacing hemorrhages on the plicae, extensive necrosis with expansion of the stroma between the follicles, and depletion of lymphocytes within the interfollicular epithelium. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and subsequent sequencing of the VP2 gene showed the presence of IBDV in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues. A phylogenetic analysis compared 62 other IBDV sequences from different parts of the world and placed the Ghanaian IBDV in genogroup 3 (vvIBDV), closely related to IBDV from Nigeria. In comparison to reference vvIBDV, there were amino acid substitutions at positions 252, 254, and 300. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report in which an IBDV from a disease outbreak in Ghana has been sequenced and compared with other IBDVs in a phylogenetic analysis.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/13/12/1115chickensGhanainfectious bursal diseasepathologyphylogenetic analysis |
| spellingShingle | Ben Enyetornye Henry A. Abugri Ama K. Kusi-Appiah Grazieli Maboni Theophilus Odoom Nicole L. Gottdenker Binu T. Velayudhan Pathology and VP2-Based Characterization of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Associated with an Outbreak in Layer Chickens in Ghana Pathogens chickens Ghana infectious bursal disease pathology phylogenetic analysis |
| title | Pathology and VP2-Based Characterization of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Associated with an Outbreak in Layer Chickens in Ghana |
| title_full | Pathology and VP2-Based Characterization of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Associated with an Outbreak in Layer Chickens in Ghana |
| title_fullStr | Pathology and VP2-Based Characterization of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Associated with an Outbreak in Layer Chickens in Ghana |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pathology and VP2-Based Characterization of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Associated with an Outbreak in Layer Chickens in Ghana |
| title_short | Pathology and VP2-Based Characterization of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Associated with an Outbreak in Layer Chickens in Ghana |
| title_sort | pathology and vp2 based characterization of infectious bursal disease virus associated with an outbreak in layer chickens in ghana |
| topic | chickens Ghana infectious bursal disease pathology phylogenetic analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/13/12/1115 |
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