Undiagnosed AIDS in a 13-year-old boy in rural Gabon
Introduction: To date, 38.4 million people live with the Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) amongst whom 1.7 million are children below fourteen years of age. The highest burden of HIV is in sub-Saharan Africa. Children living with HIV acquired the infection mostly by mother-to-child transmission (M...
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Elsevier
2024-01-01
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214250924001793 |
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| author | Saskia Dede Davi Ayodele Alabi Lillian Rene Endamne Teite Rebecca Hildebrandt Anita Lumeka Dearie Glory Okwu Rella Zoleko-Manego Ghyslain Mombo-Ngoma Selidji Todagbe Agnandji Michael Ramharter |
| author_facet | Saskia Dede Davi Ayodele Alabi Lillian Rene Endamne Teite Rebecca Hildebrandt Anita Lumeka Dearie Glory Okwu Rella Zoleko-Manego Ghyslain Mombo-Ngoma Selidji Todagbe Agnandji Michael Ramharter |
| author_sort | Saskia Dede Davi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: To date, 38.4 million people live with the Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) amongst whom 1.7 million are children below fourteen years of age. The highest burden of HIV is in sub-Saharan Africa. Children living with HIV acquired the infection mostly by mother-to-child transmission (MTCT), however the diagnosis is often delayed.In malaria-endemic countries, fever is one of the most frequent symptoms for seeking medical care and it is often primarily suspected as the onset of malaria or respiratory bacterial infections. Here, we report a case of late-onset undiagnosed AIDS in a 13-year-old boy living in rural Gabon in the Gabonese tropical rainforest in the province of Ngounié. Case: A 13-year-old orphan child presented at our routine consultation for fever screening at the Institut de Santé de Sindara (ISSA) in 2021 due to remittent fever episodes, paleness, chronic fatigue and cough. His medical history documented repeated consultations and hospitalisations over the past years, establishing various diagnoses and treatments without significantly improving his condition. Serologic testing established the diagnosis of HIV-1 infection, classifying it as CDC stage 3 AIDS. Given the family history, late-onset symptomatic HIV infection 13 years after mother-to-child transmission was the most likely transmission mode. Discussion: HIV infection may occur in older children and young adolescents and should be considered as an important differential diagnosis of reappearing fevers in regions of malaria transmission. Early diagnosis of HIV, particularly in children and adolescents, improves health outcomes. highlighting the need for HIV testing in children and adolescents. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0dc288c9c2cc452081fa710d77ca464c |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2214-2509 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IDCases |
| spelling | doaj-art-0dc288c9c2cc452081fa710d77ca464c2025-08-20T02:20:59ZengElsevierIDCases2214-25092024-01-0138e0210310.1016/j.idcr.2024.e02103Undiagnosed AIDS in a 13-year-old boy in rural GabonSaskia Dede Davi0Ayodele Alabi1Lillian Rene Endamne2Teite Rebecca Hildebrandt3Anita Lumeka4Dearie Glory Okwu5Rella Zoleko-Manego6Ghyslain Mombo-Ngoma7Selidji Todagbe Agnandji8Michael Ramharter9Center for Tropical Medicine, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine & I. Dept. of Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research, Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Germany; Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon; Corresponding author at: Bernhard-Nocht-Straße-74, 20359 Hamburg, Germany.Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon; Leiden University Center for Infectious Diseases (LU-CID), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Institute of Tropical Medicine, Travel Medicine and Human Parasitology, Competence Centre for Tropical Medicine Baden-Württemberg, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; German Center for Infectious Diseases Research (DZIF), Tübingen, GermanyCenter for Tropical Medicine, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine & I. Dept. of Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, GermanyCenter for Tropical Medicine, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine & I. Dept. of Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research, Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, GermanyCentre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, GabonCentre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, GabonCentre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, GabonGerman Centre for Infection Research, Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Germany; Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon; Department of Implementation Research, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, GermanyCentre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon; Institute of Tropical Medicine, Travel Medicine and Human Parasitology, Competence Centre for Tropical Medicine Baden-Württemberg, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; German Center for Infectious Diseases Research (DZIF), Tübingen, GermanyCenter for Tropical Medicine, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine & I. Dept. of Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research, Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Germany; Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, GabonIntroduction: To date, 38.4 million people live with the Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) amongst whom 1.7 million are children below fourteen years of age. The highest burden of HIV is in sub-Saharan Africa. Children living with HIV acquired the infection mostly by mother-to-child transmission (MTCT), however the diagnosis is often delayed.In malaria-endemic countries, fever is one of the most frequent symptoms for seeking medical care and it is often primarily suspected as the onset of malaria or respiratory bacterial infections. Here, we report a case of late-onset undiagnosed AIDS in a 13-year-old boy living in rural Gabon in the Gabonese tropical rainforest in the province of Ngounié. Case: A 13-year-old orphan child presented at our routine consultation for fever screening at the Institut de Santé de Sindara (ISSA) in 2021 due to remittent fever episodes, paleness, chronic fatigue and cough. His medical history documented repeated consultations and hospitalisations over the past years, establishing various diagnoses and treatments without significantly improving his condition. Serologic testing established the diagnosis of HIV-1 infection, classifying it as CDC stage 3 AIDS. Given the family history, late-onset symptomatic HIV infection 13 years after mother-to-child transmission was the most likely transmission mode. Discussion: HIV infection may occur in older children and young adolescents and should be considered as an important differential diagnosis of reappearing fevers in regions of malaria transmission. Early diagnosis of HIV, particularly in children and adolescents, improves health outcomes. highlighting the need for HIV testing in children and adolescents.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214250924001793HIVMother-to-child-transmissionPaediatric HIV/AIDSPregnancyGabon |
| spellingShingle | Saskia Dede Davi Ayodele Alabi Lillian Rene Endamne Teite Rebecca Hildebrandt Anita Lumeka Dearie Glory Okwu Rella Zoleko-Manego Ghyslain Mombo-Ngoma Selidji Todagbe Agnandji Michael Ramharter Undiagnosed AIDS in a 13-year-old boy in rural Gabon IDCases HIV Mother-to-child-transmission Paediatric HIV/AIDS Pregnancy Gabon |
| title | Undiagnosed AIDS in a 13-year-old boy in rural Gabon |
| title_full | Undiagnosed AIDS in a 13-year-old boy in rural Gabon |
| title_fullStr | Undiagnosed AIDS in a 13-year-old boy in rural Gabon |
| title_full_unstemmed | Undiagnosed AIDS in a 13-year-old boy in rural Gabon |
| title_short | Undiagnosed AIDS in a 13-year-old boy in rural Gabon |
| title_sort | undiagnosed aids in a 13 year old boy in rural gabon |
| topic | HIV Mother-to-child-transmission Paediatric HIV/AIDS Pregnancy Gabon |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214250924001793 |
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