Molluscicidal activities of Senna alata silver nanoparticles against adult and egg stages of Lymnaea natalensis

Abstract Fascioliasis, a significant foodborne parasitic disease, is transmitted via Lymnaea natalensis snails. This study evaluated the molluscicidal activities of Senna alata ethanolic extracts and its green-synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against adult L. natalensis and its ova. AgNPs we...

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Main Authors: Oyetunde T. Oyeyemi, Elizabeth A. Fasomoyin, Tajudeen O. Oriade, Kabirat A. Sulaiman, Olabisi S. Babatunde, Ifeoluwa T. Oyeyemi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-11771-8
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author Oyetunde T. Oyeyemi
Elizabeth A. Fasomoyin
Tajudeen O. Oriade
Kabirat A. Sulaiman
Olabisi S. Babatunde
Ifeoluwa T. Oyeyemi
author_facet Oyetunde T. Oyeyemi
Elizabeth A. Fasomoyin
Tajudeen O. Oriade
Kabirat A. Sulaiman
Olabisi S. Babatunde
Ifeoluwa T. Oyeyemi
author_sort Oyetunde T. Oyeyemi
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Fascioliasis, a significant foodborne parasitic disease, is transmitted via Lymnaea natalensis snails. This study evaluated the molluscicidal activities of Senna alata ethanolic extracts and its green-synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against adult L. natalensis and its ova. AgNPs were synthesized using S. alata leaf extract, confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy with an absorption peak at 362 nm. Characterization via XRD revealed crystalline peaks at 2θ values of 25.50°, 30.50°, and 38.00°, while SEM showed irregularly shaped particles averaging 20.32 nm with an elemental composition of 47.04% silver. FTIR identified key functional groups, including aromatic C–H stretching (3016.39 and 3098.26 cm−1) and O–H stretching of phenolics. Molluscicidal assays demonstrated that AgNPs achieved 100% snail mortality within 40 min at 0.167 mg/mL, significantly outperforming crude extracts (60% mortality at 5 mg/mL after 24 h; p < 0.05). The green-synthesized molluscicide AgNPs halted embryonic development at the blastula stage at all concentrations, whereas crude extracts showed minimal effects. Oxidative stress markers in snails exposed to AgNPs indicated elevated lipid peroxidation (p < 0.01) and catalase activity (p < 0.05), alongside reduced superoxide dismutase activity (p < 0.05). SDS-PAGE analysis revealed altered protein expression, with new bands at 17–95 kDa in AgNP-exposed snails. These findings highlight S. alata-AgNPs as a potent, eco-friendly molluscicide, effective at low concentrations. Further studies on environmental safety and field applications are recommended.
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spelling doaj-art-0db2d1cbd66e484ca5dc55225b1f8c0c2025-08-20T04:01:52ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111210.1038/s41598-025-11771-8Molluscicidal activities of Senna alata silver nanoparticles against adult and egg stages of Lymnaea natalensisOyetunde T. Oyeyemi0Elizabeth A. Fasomoyin1Tajudeen O. Oriade2Kabirat A. Sulaiman3Olabisi S. Babatunde4Ifeoluwa T. Oyeyemi5Seeding Graduate Lab, Tropical Medicine & Diagnostics Development Group, University of Medical SciencesSeeding Graduate Lab, Tropical Medicine & Diagnostics Development Group, University of Medical SciencesSeeding Graduate Lab, Tropical Medicine & Diagnostics Development Group, University of Medical SciencesSeeding Graduate Lab, Tropical Medicine & Diagnostics Development Group, University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Biosciences and Biotechnology, University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Biosciences and Biotechnology, University of Medical SciencesAbstract Fascioliasis, a significant foodborne parasitic disease, is transmitted via Lymnaea natalensis snails. This study evaluated the molluscicidal activities of Senna alata ethanolic extracts and its green-synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against adult L. natalensis and its ova. AgNPs were synthesized using S. alata leaf extract, confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy with an absorption peak at 362 nm. Characterization via XRD revealed crystalline peaks at 2θ values of 25.50°, 30.50°, and 38.00°, while SEM showed irregularly shaped particles averaging 20.32 nm with an elemental composition of 47.04% silver. FTIR identified key functional groups, including aromatic C–H stretching (3016.39 and 3098.26 cm−1) and O–H stretching of phenolics. Molluscicidal assays demonstrated that AgNPs achieved 100% snail mortality within 40 min at 0.167 mg/mL, significantly outperforming crude extracts (60% mortality at 5 mg/mL after 24 h; p < 0.05). The green-synthesized molluscicide AgNPs halted embryonic development at the blastula stage at all concentrations, whereas crude extracts showed minimal effects. Oxidative stress markers in snails exposed to AgNPs indicated elevated lipid peroxidation (p < 0.01) and catalase activity (p < 0.05), alongside reduced superoxide dismutase activity (p < 0.05). SDS-PAGE analysis revealed altered protein expression, with new bands at 17–95 kDa in AgNP-exposed snails. These findings highlight S. alata-AgNPs as a potent, eco-friendly molluscicide, effective at low concentrations. Further studies on environmental safety and field applications are recommended.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-11771-8Senna alataSilver nanoparticlesLymnaea natalensisMolluscicidal activityFascioliasisOxidative stress
spellingShingle Oyetunde T. Oyeyemi
Elizabeth A. Fasomoyin
Tajudeen O. Oriade
Kabirat A. Sulaiman
Olabisi S. Babatunde
Ifeoluwa T. Oyeyemi
Molluscicidal activities of Senna alata silver nanoparticles against adult and egg stages of Lymnaea natalensis
Scientific Reports
Senna alata
Silver nanoparticles
Lymnaea natalensis
Molluscicidal activity
Fascioliasis
Oxidative stress
title Molluscicidal activities of Senna alata silver nanoparticles against adult and egg stages of Lymnaea natalensis
title_full Molluscicidal activities of Senna alata silver nanoparticles against adult and egg stages of Lymnaea natalensis
title_fullStr Molluscicidal activities of Senna alata silver nanoparticles against adult and egg stages of Lymnaea natalensis
title_full_unstemmed Molluscicidal activities of Senna alata silver nanoparticles against adult and egg stages of Lymnaea natalensis
title_short Molluscicidal activities of Senna alata silver nanoparticles against adult and egg stages of Lymnaea natalensis
title_sort molluscicidal activities of senna alata silver nanoparticles against adult and egg stages of lymnaea natalensis
topic Senna alata
Silver nanoparticles
Lymnaea natalensis
Molluscicidal activity
Fascioliasis
Oxidative stress
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-11771-8
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