A Review: Developments in Hardware Systems of Active Ankle Orthoses

Active ankle orthoses which have been designed over the past few years by diverse sources were critically reviewed in this paper. It begins by providing an overview of the anatomy of the ankle joint complex, establishing a basis for understanding the subsequent discussion on the research challenges...

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Main Authors: Praveen Nuwantha Gunaratne, Hiroki Tamura
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Series:Sensors
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/24/8153
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author Praveen Nuwantha Gunaratne
Hiroki Tamura
author_facet Praveen Nuwantha Gunaratne
Hiroki Tamura
author_sort Praveen Nuwantha Gunaratne
collection DOAJ
description Active ankle orthoses which have been designed over the past few years by diverse sources were critically reviewed in this paper. It begins by providing an overview of the anatomy of the ankle joint complex, establishing a basis for understanding the subsequent discussion on the research challenges and design difficulties associated with developing active ankle orthosis devices. The review systematically examined the mechanisms, actuation methods, and control strategies utilized in these orthosis devices. This covers various control strategies, including Electromyography (EMG)-based, adaptive, and modular control systems, emphasizing their importance in achieving precise and user-intended movements. By integrating insights from recent studies and technological innovations, this paper provides a holistic view of the progress in active ankle orthoses. The paper concludes with design recommendations aimed at overcoming existing limitations and promoting further development of advanced active ankle orthosis devices for future research.
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spelling doaj-art-0d63411e3bfb4ee5bd217f34c9ce05ea2025-08-20T02:57:04ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202024-12-012424815310.3390/s24248153A Review: Developments in Hardware Systems of Active Ankle OrthosesPraveen Nuwantha Gunaratne0Hiroki Tamura1Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Agriculture and Engineering, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, JapanFaculty of Engineering, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, JapanActive ankle orthoses which have been designed over the past few years by diverse sources were critically reviewed in this paper. It begins by providing an overview of the anatomy of the ankle joint complex, establishing a basis for understanding the subsequent discussion on the research challenges and design difficulties associated with developing active ankle orthosis devices. The review systematically examined the mechanisms, actuation methods, and control strategies utilized in these orthosis devices. This covers various control strategies, including Electromyography (EMG)-based, adaptive, and modular control systems, emphasizing their importance in achieving precise and user-intended movements. By integrating insights from recent studies and technological innovations, this paper provides a holistic view of the progress in active ankle orthoses. The paper concludes with design recommendations aimed at overcoming existing limitations and promoting further development of advanced active ankle orthosis devices for future research.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/24/8153active-ankle orthosesrehabilitationactuation modescontrol strategies
spellingShingle Praveen Nuwantha Gunaratne
Hiroki Tamura
A Review: Developments in Hardware Systems of Active Ankle Orthoses
Sensors
active-ankle orthoses
rehabilitation
actuation modes
control strategies
title A Review: Developments in Hardware Systems of Active Ankle Orthoses
title_full A Review: Developments in Hardware Systems of Active Ankle Orthoses
title_fullStr A Review: Developments in Hardware Systems of Active Ankle Orthoses
title_full_unstemmed A Review: Developments in Hardware Systems of Active Ankle Orthoses
title_short A Review: Developments in Hardware Systems of Active Ankle Orthoses
title_sort review developments in hardware systems of active ankle orthoses
topic active-ankle orthoses
rehabilitation
actuation modes
control strategies
url https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/24/8153
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