Induction and expression of systemic resistance to downy mildew disease in grapevine by chitosan

Grapes represent a significant agricultural product globally. Despite their significance and value, grapes face numerous challenges, including disease. Grapevines are susceptible to various pathogens, with downy mildew caused by Plasmopara viticola, being the most damaging. In the twentieth century...

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Main Authors: Emad MAHMOUD, Zeinab N. HUSSIEN, Abou Ghanima S.F. SHEHATA, Najat MARRAIKI, Enas ALMANZALAWI, Tahani ALQAHTANI, Mohamed ABOU-ZEID, Mahmoud KAMHAWY
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: AcademicPres 2025-03-01
Series:Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca
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Online Access:https://www.notulaebotanicae.ro/index.php/nbha/article/view/14265
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author Emad MAHMOUD
Zeinab N. HUSSIEN
Abou Ghanima S.F. SHEHATA
Najat MARRAIKI
Enas ALMANZALAWI
Tahani ALQAHTANI
Mohamed ABOU-ZEID
Mahmoud KAMHAWY
author_facet Emad MAHMOUD
Zeinab N. HUSSIEN
Abou Ghanima S.F. SHEHATA
Najat MARRAIKI
Enas ALMANZALAWI
Tahani ALQAHTANI
Mohamed ABOU-ZEID
Mahmoud KAMHAWY
author_sort Emad MAHMOUD
collection DOAJ
description Grapes represent a significant agricultural product globally. Despite their significance and value, grapes face numerous challenges, including disease. Grapevines are susceptible to various pathogens, with downy mildew caused by Plasmopara viticola, being the most damaging. In the twentieth century, contact and systemic fungicides were developed to combat plant pathogens, such as downy mildew. Recently, there has been a growing demand to minimize fungicide use and shift towards sustainability through implementing eco-friendly practices. Utilizing plant defense elicitors to stimulate disease resistance in grapevines is a crucial strategy. We conducted experiments in the field over two seasons, 2021 and 2022, at two different locations using two grape cultivars (‘Flame’ and ‘Crimson’). Four concentrations of chitosan (1, 2, 4, and 8 mM) were applied. The results indicated that chitosan could induce systemic resistance against downy mildew caused by P. viticola by activating the salicylic acid (SA) pathway, increasing the plant’s concentrations of SA and phenols, and augmenting the efficacy and activity of defense enzymes. The treatment also significantly enhanced the yield production of 1.3-glucanase, chitinase, peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase. The present study assessed the efficacy of chitosan as a resistance inducer in managing grapevine downy mildew and examined its mechanism of action.
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series Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca
spelling doaj-art-0d518f3b39a840a58d14dde0d9f3cbf22025-08-20T03:09:58ZengAcademicPresNotulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca0255-965X1842-43092025-03-0153110.15835/nbha53114265Induction and expression of systemic resistance to downy mildew disease in grapevine by chitosanEmad MAHMOUD0Zeinab N. HUSSIEN1Abou Ghanima S.F. SHEHATA2Najat MARRAIKI3Enas ALMANZALAWI4Tahani ALQAHTANI5Mohamed ABOU-ZEID6Mahmoud KAMHAWY7Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, 12619, GizaPlant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, 12619, GizaPlant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, 12619, GizaKing Saud University, College of Science, Department of Botany and Microbiology, Riyadh, 11451King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biological Sciences, Jeddah 21589King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biological Sciences, Jeddah 21589Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, 12619, GizaPlant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, 12619, Giza Grapes represent a significant agricultural product globally. Despite their significance and value, grapes face numerous challenges, including disease. Grapevines are susceptible to various pathogens, with downy mildew caused by Plasmopara viticola, being the most damaging. In the twentieth century, contact and systemic fungicides were developed to combat plant pathogens, such as downy mildew. Recently, there has been a growing demand to minimize fungicide use and shift towards sustainability through implementing eco-friendly practices. Utilizing plant defense elicitors to stimulate disease resistance in grapevines is a crucial strategy. We conducted experiments in the field over two seasons, 2021 and 2022, at two different locations using two grape cultivars (‘Flame’ and ‘Crimson’). Four concentrations of chitosan (1, 2, 4, and 8 mM) were applied. The results indicated that chitosan could induce systemic resistance against downy mildew caused by P. viticola by activating the salicylic acid (SA) pathway, increasing the plant’s concentrations of SA and phenols, and augmenting the efficacy and activity of defense enzymes. The treatment also significantly enhanced the yield production of 1.3-glucanase, chitinase, peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase. The present study assessed the efficacy of chitosan as a resistance inducer in managing grapevine downy mildew and examined its mechanism of action. https://www.notulaebotanicae.ro/index.php/nbha/article/view/14265-1.3-glucanaseinducing resistanceperoxidasephenolsPlasmopara viticolapolyphenol oxidase
spellingShingle Emad MAHMOUD
Zeinab N. HUSSIEN
Abou Ghanima S.F. SHEHATA
Najat MARRAIKI
Enas ALMANZALAWI
Tahani ALQAHTANI
Mohamed ABOU-ZEID
Mahmoud KAMHAWY
Induction and expression of systemic resistance to downy mildew disease in grapevine by chitosan
Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca
-1.3-glucanase
inducing resistance
peroxidase
phenols
Plasmopara viticola
polyphenol oxidase
title Induction and expression of systemic resistance to downy mildew disease in grapevine by chitosan
title_full Induction and expression of systemic resistance to downy mildew disease in grapevine by chitosan
title_fullStr Induction and expression of systemic resistance to downy mildew disease in grapevine by chitosan
title_full_unstemmed Induction and expression of systemic resistance to downy mildew disease in grapevine by chitosan
title_short Induction and expression of systemic resistance to downy mildew disease in grapevine by chitosan
title_sort induction and expression of systemic resistance to downy mildew disease in grapevine by chitosan
topic -1.3-glucanase
inducing resistance
peroxidase
phenols
Plasmopara viticola
polyphenol oxidase
url https://www.notulaebotanicae.ro/index.php/nbha/article/view/14265
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