Risk Factors and Spatial Distribution of Gastrointestinal Parasites in Backyard Poultry Production Systems in Central Chile
Gastrointestinal parasites impact the health and productivity of domestic birds and may even be more common in production systems with lower biosafety conditions. In this context, backyard poultry production systems (BPPS), defined as small-scale family production systems, could be more affected. Ho...
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MDPI AG
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Veterinary Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/12/5/448 |
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| author | Bruno Cantin-Rosas Mariela Luján Tomazic Anabel Elisa Rodríguez Nikita Enciso Juliette Brante-Bernier Patricia Honores Catalina Godoy-Alfaro Claudio Abarca Raúl Alegría-Morán Galia Ramirez-Toloza |
| author_facet | Bruno Cantin-Rosas Mariela Luján Tomazic Anabel Elisa Rodríguez Nikita Enciso Juliette Brante-Bernier Patricia Honores Catalina Godoy-Alfaro Claudio Abarca Raúl Alegría-Morán Galia Ramirez-Toloza |
| author_sort | Bruno Cantin-Rosas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Gastrointestinal parasites impact the health and productivity of domestic birds and may even be more common in production systems with lower biosafety conditions. In this context, backyard poultry production systems (BPPS), defined as small-scale family production systems, could be more affected. However, information about its epidemiology is limited in the Central Zone of Chile. This study aimed to determine the risk factors and spatial distribution of gastrointestinal parasites in BPPS in Central Chile. Thus, feces samples were collected from 51 backyards and analyzed using copro–parasitological techniques. In parallel, an epidemiological survey was conducted on the farmers, and the data were analyzed by multivariable logistic regression to identify risk factors. Spatial analysis was performed with the detected parasite species to determine high-risk clusters. <i>Eimeria</i> spp. was the most frequently detected parasite (72.5%), followed by <i>Capillaria</i> spp. (50.9%) and <i>Ascaridia galli</i> (49%). Regarding parasitic burden, nearly 90% of BPPS showed low parasitic burden for <i>Eimeria</i> spp. and helminths. In turn, the availability of potable drinking water (95% CI: 0.054–0.905; <i>p</i> = 0.036) and proper ventilation of the pens (95% CI: 0.003–0.429; <i>p</i> = 0.009) reduced the presence of parasites. Spatial high-risk clusters were detected for <i>Eimeria</i> spp. (RR = 2.60; <i>p</i>-value < 0.0001), <i>A. galli</i> (RR = 2.93; <i>p</i>-value = 0.021), and <i>Trichostrongylus</i> spp. (RR = 5.85; <i>p</i>-value = 0.050). |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0d514f13c8954e968e5e3a089030950d |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2306-7381 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
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| series | Veterinary Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-0d514f13c8954e968e5e3a089030950d2025-08-20T03:12:15ZengMDPI AGVeterinary Sciences2306-73812025-05-0112544810.3390/vetsci12050448Risk Factors and Spatial Distribution of Gastrointestinal Parasites in Backyard Poultry Production Systems in Central ChileBruno Cantin-Rosas0Mariela Luján Tomazic1Anabel Elisa Rodríguez2Nikita Enciso3Juliette Brante-Bernier4Patricia Honores5Catalina Godoy-Alfaro6Claudio Abarca7Raúl Alegría-Morán8Galia Ramirez-Toloza9Laboratorio de Parasitología y Enfermedades Parasitarias, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11735, La Pintana, Santiago 8820808, ChileInstituto de Patobiología Veterinaria (IPVET), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), de Los Reseros y Nicolás Repetto s/n, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires 1686, ArgentinaInstituto de Patobiología Veterinaria (IPVET), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), de Los Reseros y Nicolás Repetto s/n, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires 1686, ArgentinaLaboratorio de Parasitología y Enfermedades Parasitarias, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11735, La Pintana, Santiago 8820808, ChileLaboratorio de Parasitología y Enfermedades Parasitarias, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11735, La Pintana, Santiago 8820808, ChileLaboratorio de Parasitología y Enfermedades Parasitarias, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11735, La Pintana, Santiago 8820808, ChileLaboratorio de Parasitología y Enfermedades Parasitarias, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11735, La Pintana, Santiago 8820808, ChileLaboratorio de Parasitología y Enfermedades Parasitarias, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11735, La Pintana, Santiago 8820808, ChileEscuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Sede Santiago, Facultad de Recursos Naturales y Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Santo Tomás, Ejercito Libertador 146, Santiago 8370003, ChileLaboratorio de Parasitología y Enfermedades Parasitarias, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11735, La Pintana, Santiago 8820808, ChileGastrointestinal parasites impact the health and productivity of domestic birds and may even be more common in production systems with lower biosafety conditions. In this context, backyard poultry production systems (BPPS), defined as small-scale family production systems, could be more affected. However, information about its epidemiology is limited in the Central Zone of Chile. This study aimed to determine the risk factors and spatial distribution of gastrointestinal parasites in BPPS in Central Chile. Thus, feces samples were collected from 51 backyards and analyzed using copro–parasitological techniques. In parallel, an epidemiological survey was conducted on the farmers, and the data were analyzed by multivariable logistic regression to identify risk factors. Spatial analysis was performed with the detected parasite species to determine high-risk clusters. <i>Eimeria</i> spp. was the most frequently detected parasite (72.5%), followed by <i>Capillaria</i> spp. (50.9%) and <i>Ascaridia galli</i> (49%). Regarding parasitic burden, nearly 90% of BPPS showed low parasitic burden for <i>Eimeria</i> spp. and helminths. In turn, the availability of potable drinking water (95% CI: 0.054–0.905; <i>p</i> = 0.036) and proper ventilation of the pens (95% CI: 0.003–0.429; <i>p</i> = 0.009) reduced the presence of parasites. Spatial high-risk clusters were detected for <i>Eimeria</i> spp. (RR = 2.60; <i>p</i>-value < 0.0001), <i>A. galli</i> (RR = 2.93; <i>p</i>-value = 0.021), and <i>Trichostrongylus</i> spp. (RR = 5.85; <i>p</i>-value = 0.050).https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/12/5/448backyard poultry production systemrisk factors<i>Eimeria</i> spp.<i>Capillaria</i> spp.<i>Ascaridia galli</i><i>Trichostrongylus</i> spp. |
| spellingShingle | Bruno Cantin-Rosas Mariela Luján Tomazic Anabel Elisa Rodríguez Nikita Enciso Juliette Brante-Bernier Patricia Honores Catalina Godoy-Alfaro Claudio Abarca Raúl Alegría-Morán Galia Ramirez-Toloza Risk Factors and Spatial Distribution of Gastrointestinal Parasites in Backyard Poultry Production Systems in Central Chile Veterinary Sciences backyard poultry production system risk factors <i>Eimeria</i> spp. <i>Capillaria</i> spp. <i>Ascaridia galli</i> <i>Trichostrongylus</i> spp. |
| title | Risk Factors and Spatial Distribution of Gastrointestinal Parasites in Backyard Poultry Production Systems in Central Chile |
| title_full | Risk Factors and Spatial Distribution of Gastrointestinal Parasites in Backyard Poultry Production Systems in Central Chile |
| title_fullStr | Risk Factors and Spatial Distribution of Gastrointestinal Parasites in Backyard Poultry Production Systems in Central Chile |
| title_full_unstemmed | Risk Factors and Spatial Distribution of Gastrointestinal Parasites in Backyard Poultry Production Systems in Central Chile |
| title_short | Risk Factors and Spatial Distribution of Gastrointestinal Parasites in Backyard Poultry Production Systems in Central Chile |
| title_sort | risk factors and spatial distribution of gastrointestinal parasites in backyard poultry production systems in central chile |
| topic | backyard poultry production system risk factors <i>Eimeria</i> spp. <i>Capillaria</i> spp. <i>Ascaridia galli</i> <i>Trichostrongylus</i> spp. |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/12/5/448 |
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