Application and exploration of garbage enzymes in soil remediation of multiple heavy metal pollution
Abstract [Objective] To assess the bioremediation potential of garbage enzymes in heavy metal-contaminated lead-zinc mine soils. [Method] A pot experiment evaluated garbage enzymes application effects on: (1) Pb/Zn/Cd bioavailability and phytoavailability, (2) soil fertility parameters, (3) soil enz...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-96403-x |
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| Summary: | Abstract [Objective] To assess the bioremediation potential of garbage enzymes in heavy metal-contaminated lead-zinc mine soils. [Method] A pot experiment evaluated garbage enzymes application effects on: (1) Pb/Zn/Cd bioavailability and phytoavailability, (2) soil fertility parameters, (3) soil enzyme activities, and (4) physiological responses of Chinese cabbage. [Results] Garbage enzymes significantly reduced heavy metal bioavailability, decreasing leaf Pb/Zn/Cd concentrations by 66.8%/17.6%/37.4% and root levels by 34.3%/23.4%/46.8% versus controls. Soil fertility improved substantially, with available N/P/K increments of 2.43–31.2%, 1.86–45.5%, and 3.40–22.3%, respectively. Key soil enzymes (urease, sucrase, catalase, phosphatase) exhibited enhanced activities. Garbage enzymes treated plants showed increased biomass (fresh weight), chlorophyll (21.8%), and soluble sugars, alongside reduced stress markers: nitrate-N (-24.3%), malondialdehyde (-33.6%), proline (-18.9%), and superoxide dismutase (-42.1%). [Conclusions] Garbage enzymes demonstrate dual functionality in metal immobilization and soil revitalization, offering an eco-sustainable solution for restoring agricultural productivity in contaminated ecosystems. |
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| ISSN: | 2045-2322 |