Reliability and Quality of Complex Systems
Background. One of the leading directions in the development of direction-of-arrival estimation systems is the use of digital antenna arrays and super-resolution algorithms. The task of implementing a system for calibrating the effect of mutual coupling on FPGAs and integrating it into a common comp...
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| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Penza State University Publishing House
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Надежность и качество сложных систем |
| Subjects: | |
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| Summary: | Background. One of the leading directions in the development of direction-of-arrival estimation systems is the use of digital antenna arrays and super-resolution algorithms. The task of implementing a system for calibrating the effect of mutual coupling on FPGAs and integrating it into a common computing unit is poorly covered in the literature and is relevant. The purpose of this work is to create a model of a digital DoA estimation unit based on FPGA, as well as integration of a mutual coupling calibration unit into the resulting system. Materials and methods. The general principles of operation of DoA estimation algorithms are presented. The effect of mutual coupling of antenna array elements is considered, and the method of accounting for the effect when modelling the received signal is given. The paper also considers a method for calibrating mutual coupling based on the principle of "restoration" of isolated element patterns. The model was developed using a combined software and hardware method. The preparation was carried out in a Simulink, data exchange between the computer and the debugging board was carried out using FPGA-in-the-loop technology. Results. A combined hardware and software model of the DoA estimation unit with calibration has been developed. To evaluate their work, a comparison of fully programmatic and combined models was carried out. The tests were carried out in several cycles under different initial conditions. Pseudospectral graphs were obtained for both developed models, according to which the correctness of the systems was determined. The generated HDL code was studied. The estimation of the consumed resources of the FPGA was carried out. Conclusions. The results obtained demonstrate the correctness of the operation of the obtained hardware and software models, and also indicate the effectiveness of the calibration method used – an increase in the resolution of the direction finding algorithms is observed on the graphs. This improvement is maintained at different angles of arrival of the signal and when the SNR changes. The gain in resolution at values of at least 20 dB is from 3 to 10 dB. At the end of the article, an analysis of theapproach to building a computing block is carried out. A method is proposed to reduce the consumption of FPGA resources by using a parallel-sequential structure. |
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| ISSN: | 2307-4205 |