PD-Net: Parkinson’s Disease Detection Through Fusion of Two Spectral Features Using Attention-Based Hybrid Deep Neural Network

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive degenerative brain disease that worsens with age, causing areas of the brain to weaken. Vocal dysfunction often emerges as one of the earliest and most prominent indicators of Parkinson’s disease, with a significant number of patients exhibiting vocal impair...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Munira Islam, Khadija Akter, Md. Azad Hossain, M. Ali Akber Dewan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Information
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/16/2/135
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849722431889997824
author Munira Islam
Khadija Akter
Md. Azad Hossain
M. Ali Akber Dewan
author_facet Munira Islam
Khadija Akter
Md. Azad Hossain
M. Ali Akber Dewan
author_sort Munira Islam
collection DOAJ
description Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive degenerative brain disease that worsens with age, causing areas of the brain to weaken. Vocal dysfunction often emerges as one of the earliest and most prominent indicators of Parkinson’s disease, with a significant number of patients exhibiting vocal impairments during the initial stages of the illness. In view of this, to facilitate the diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease through the analysis of these vocal characteristics, this study focuses on exerting a combination of mel spectrogram and MFCC as spectral features. This study adopts Italian raw audio data to establish an efficient detection framework specifically designed to classify the vocal data into two distinct categories: healthy individuals and patients diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease. To this end, the study proposes a hybrid model that integrates Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Long Short-Term Memory networks (LSTMs) for the detection of Parkinson’s disease. Certainly, CNNs are employed to extract spatial features from the extracted spectro-temporal characteristics of vocal data, while LSTMs capture temporal dependencies, accelerating a comprehensive analysis of the development of vocal patterns over time. Additionally, the merging of a multi-head attention mechanism significantly enhances the model’s ability to concentrate on essential details, hence improving its overall performance. This unified method aims to enhance the detection of subtle vocal changes associated with Parkinson’s, enhancing overall diagnostic accuracy. The findings declare that this model achieves a noteworthy accuracy of 99.00% for the Parkinson’s disease detection process.
format Article
id doaj-art-0cf0db041d1d43aa82c80fb749288eae
institution DOAJ
issn 2078-2489
language English
publishDate 2025-02-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Information
spelling doaj-art-0cf0db041d1d43aa82c80fb749288eae2025-08-20T03:11:21ZengMDPI AGInformation2078-24892025-02-0116213510.3390/info16020135PD-Net: Parkinson’s Disease Detection Through Fusion of Two Spectral Features Using Attention-Based Hybrid Deep Neural NetworkMunira Islam0Khadija Akter1Md. Azad Hossain2M. Ali Akber Dewan3Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Chittagong University of Engineering & Technology, Chattogram 4349, BangladeshDepartment of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Chittagong University of Engineering & Technology, Chattogram 4349, BangladeshDepartment of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Chittagong University of Engineering & Technology, Chattogram 4349, BangladeshSchool of Computing and Information Systems, Faculty of Science and Technology, Athabasca University, Athabasca, AB T9S 3A3, CanadaParkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive degenerative brain disease that worsens with age, causing areas of the brain to weaken. Vocal dysfunction often emerges as one of the earliest and most prominent indicators of Parkinson’s disease, with a significant number of patients exhibiting vocal impairments during the initial stages of the illness. In view of this, to facilitate the diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease through the analysis of these vocal characteristics, this study focuses on exerting a combination of mel spectrogram and MFCC as spectral features. This study adopts Italian raw audio data to establish an efficient detection framework specifically designed to classify the vocal data into two distinct categories: healthy individuals and patients diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease. To this end, the study proposes a hybrid model that integrates Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Long Short-Term Memory networks (LSTMs) for the detection of Parkinson’s disease. Certainly, CNNs are employed to extract spatial features from the extracted spectro-temporal characteristics of vocal data, while LSTMs capture temporal dependencies, accelerating a comprehensive analysis of the development of vocal patterns over time. Additionally, the merging of a multi-head attention mechanism significantly enhances the model’s ability to concentrate on essential details, hence improving its overall performance. This unified method aims to enhance the detection of subtle vocal changes associated with Parkinson’s, enhancing overall diagnostic accuracy. The findings declare that this model achieves a noteworthy accuracy of 99.00% for the Parkinson’s disease detection process.https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/16/2/135Parkinson diseasedegenerativespectral featureshybrid modelmulti-head attention
spellingShingle Munira Islam
Khadija Akter
Md. Azad Hossain
M. Ali Akber Dewan
PD-Net: Parkinson’s Disease Detection Through Fusion of Two Spectral Features Using Attention-Based Hybrid Deep Neural Network
Information
Parkinson disease
degenerative
spectral features
hybrid model
multi-head attention
title PD-Net: Parkinson’s Disease Detection Through Fusion of Two Spectral Features Using Attention-Based Hybrid Deep Neural Network
title_full PD-Net: Parkinson’s Disease Detection Through Fusion of Two Spectral Features Using Attention-Based Hybrid Deep Neural Network
title_fullStr PD-Net: Parkinson’s Disease Detection Through Fusion of Two Spectral Features Using Attention-Based Hybrid Deep Neural Network
title_full_unstemmed PD-Net: Parkinson’s Disease Detection Through Fusion of Two Spectral Features Using Attention-Based Hybrid Deep Neural Network
title_short PD-Net: Parkinson’s Disease Detection Through Fusion of Two Spectral Features Using Attention-Based Hybrid Deep Neural Network
title_sort pd net parkinson s disease detection through fusion of two spectral features using attention based hybrid deep neural network
topic Parkinson disease
degenerative
spectral features
hybrid model
multi-head attention
url https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/16/2/135
work_keys_str_mv AT muniraislam pdnetparkinsonsdiseasedetectionthroughfusionoftwospectralfeaturesusingattentionbasedhybriddeepneuralnetwork
AT khadijaakter pdnetparkinsonsdiseasedetectionthroughfusionoftwospectralfeaturesusingattentionbasedhybriddeepneuralnetwork
AT mdazadhossain pdnetparkinsonsdiseasedetectionthroughfusionoftwospectralfeaturesusingattentionbasedhybriddeepneuralnetwork
AT maliakberdewan pdnetparkinsonsdiseasedetectionthroughfusionoftwospectralfeaturesusingattentionbasedhybriddeepneuralnetwork