Regional variations and determinants of pesticide use among farmers in Southwestern Nigeria: implications for sustainable agriculture
Pesticides are integral to the agricultural practices of Southwestern Nigeria, yet their varied usage patterns and the factors influencing their adoption remain poorly understood. Understanding pesticide usage is crucial for sustainable agricultural development. This study used a cross-sectional des...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fagro.2025.1503899/full |
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| author | Abdullahi Adeola Abdullahi Adeola Cornelis A. M. van Gestel Victoria Funmilayo Doherty Idowu Ayisat Aneyo Folashade Ajagbe Faizo Kasule Faizo Kasule |
| author_facet | Abdullahi Adeola Abdullahi Adeola Cornelis A. M. van Gestel Victoria Funmilayo Doherty Idowu Ayisat Aneyo Folashade Ajagbe Faizo Kasule Faizo Kasule |
| author_sort | Abdullahi Adeola |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pesticides are integral to the agricultural practices of Southwestern Nigeria, yet their varied usage patterns and the factors influencing their adoption remain poorly understood. Understanding pesticide usage is crucial for sustainable agricultural development. This study used a cross-sectional design and mixed-methods approach to examine pesticide usage, regional preferences, and pest control patterns in crop farming in Ogun, Ondo, and Oyo States, Nigeria. Data was collected from 472 farmers during the 2022 and 2023 farming seasons. Descriptive statistics, Pearson chi-square tests, and a generalized linear model were used to identify factors influencing farmers’ choices. Data were gathered through surveys and field observations from farmers in the three states. Pesticide usage varied across states, with Dichlorvos/DDVP (56.5%) and Lambda-cyhalothrin (49.8%) being the most common insecticides. Glyphosate (81.9%) and Paraquat (69.1%) dominated herbicide application, while Mancozeb emerged as the most widely used fungicide (38.6%). Imidacloprid and Thiram were the most used pesticide mixtures (44.5%), with significant variations observed across regions (χ² = 14.27, p < 0.001). Ondo State farmers preferred physical control methods (97.3%), Ogun State favored biological (67.3%) and botanical approaches (66.7%), while chemical control was predominant in Ondo (98.0%) and Oyo (99.4%). Demographic factors, including gender (F = 4.13, p = 0.04), education level (F = 3.59, p = 0.002), and farming locality (F = 1.56, p = 0.003), significantly impacted the adoption of specific pesticides and their mixtures. The study highlights the diverse crop protection strategies employed across Southwestern Nigeria and underscores the need for region-specific interventions. Tailored educational programs and resource allocation that consider local environmental conditions and demographic factors are essential for promoting sustainable agricultural practices and reducing chemical dependency. Addressing these regional and demographic disparities will enhance pest management effectiveness and support environmentally sustainable farming. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0ceae0c44c8346be908d1c1f27988694 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2673-3218 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj-art-0ceae0c44c8346be908d1c1f279886942025-08-20T03:19:56ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Agronomy2673-32182025-06-01710.3389/fagro.2025.15038991503899Regional variations and determinants of pesticide use among farmers in Southwestern Nigeria: implications for sustainable agricultureAbdullahi Adeola0Abdullahi Adeola1Cornelis A. M. van Gestel2Victoria Funmilayo Doherty3Idowu Ayisat Aneyo4Folashade Ajagbe5Faizo Kasule6Faizo Kasule7Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United StatesDepartment of Biological Science, Yaba College of Technology, Yaba, Lagos, NigeriaAmsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, NetherlandsDepartment of Biological Science, Yaba College of Technology, Yaba, Lagos, NigeriaDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science University of Lagos, Lagos, Akoka, Yaba, NigeriaDepartment of Biological Science, Yaba College of Technology, Yaba, Lagos, NigeriaInterdepartmental Genetics and Genomics (IGG), Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United StatesDepartment of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United StatesPesticides are integral to the agricultural practices of Southwestern Nigeria, yet their varied usage patterns and the factors influencing their adoption remain poorly understood. Understanding pesticide usage is crucial for sustainable agricultural development. This study used a cross-sectional design and mixed-methods approach to examine pesticide usage, regional preferences, and pest control patterns in crop farming in Ogun, Ondo, and Oyo States, Nigeria. Data was collected from 472 farmers during the 2022 and 2023 farming seasons. Descriptive statistics, Pearson chi-square tests, and a generalized linear model were used to identify factors influencing farmers’ choices. Data were gathered through surveys and field observations from farmers in the three states. Pesticide usage varied across states, with Dichlorvos/DDVP (56.5%) and Lambda-cyhalothrin (49.8%) being the most common insecticides. Glyphosate (81.9%) and Paraquat (69.1%) dominated herbicide application, while Mancozeb emerged as the most widely used fungicide (38.6%). Imidacloprid and Thiram were the most used pesticide mixtures (44.5%), with significant variations observed across regions (χ² = 14.27, p < 0.001). Ondo State farmers preferred physical control methods (97.3%), Ogun State favored biological (67.3%) and botanical approaches (66.7%), while chemical control was predominant in Ondo (98.0%) and Oyo (99.4%). Demographic factors, including gender (F = 4.13, p = 0.04), education level (F = 3.59, p = 0.002), and farming locality (F = 1.56, p = 0.003), significantly impacted the adoption of specific pesticides and their mixtures. The study highlights the diverse crop protection strategies employed across Southwestern Nigeria and underscores the need for region-specific interventions. Tailored educational programs and resource allocation that consider local environmental conditions and demographic factors are essential for promoting sustainable agricultural practices and reducing chemical dependency. Addressing these regional and demographic disparities will enhance pest management effectiveness and support environmentally sustainable farming.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fagro.2025.1503899/fullcrop protection practicesdemographic factorspesticide adoption and usageregional variationssustainable agriculture practices |
| spellingShingle | Abdullahi Adeola Abdullahi Adeola Cornelis A. M. van Gestel Victoria Funmilayo Doherty Idowu Ayisat Aneyo Folashade Ajagbe Faizo Kasule Faizo Kasule Regional variations and determinants of pesticide use among farmers in Southwestern Nigeria: implications for sustainable agriculture Frontiers in Agronomy crop protection practices demographic factors pesticide adoption and usage regional variations sustainable agriculture practices |
| title | Regional variations and determinants of pesticide use among farmers in Southwestern Nigeria: implications for sustainable agriculture |
| title_full | Regional variations and determinants of pesticide use among farmers in Southwestern Nigeria: implications for sustainable agriculture |
| title_fullStr | Regional variations and determinants of pesticide use among farmers in Southwestern Nigeria: implications for sustainable agriculture |
| title_full_unstemmed | Regional variations and determinants of pesticide use among farmers in Southwestern Nigeria: implications for sustainable agriculture |
| title_short | Regional variations and determinants of pesticide use among farmers in Southwestern Nigeria: implications for sustainable agriculture |
| title_sort | regional variations and determinants of pesticide use among farmers in southwestern nigeria implications for sustainable agriculture |
| topic | crop protection practices demographic factors pesticide adoption and usage regional variations sustainable agriculture practices |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fagro.2025.1503899/full |
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