Identification and characterization of fungi associated with leaf spot/blight and melting-out of turfgrass in Algeria

Symptoms of foliar blight were observed on turfgrass in Oran (Algeria), including yellow chlorotic patches on leaves during the 2020 summer (temperatures between 35 and 40°C). Symptoms extended downward from leaf tips and entire leaves became blighted, leading to irregular discoloured areas that lat...

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Main Authors: Nabahat BESSADAT, Bruno HAMON, Nelly BATAILLÉ-SIMONEAU, Nisserine HAMINI-KADAR, Mabrouk KIHAL, Philippe SIMONEAU
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Firenze University Press 2023-05-01
Series:Phytopathologia Mediterranea
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Online Access:https://oajournals.fupress.net/index.php/pm/article/view/14169
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author Nabahat BESSADAT
Bruno HAMON
Nelly BATAILLÉ-SIMONEAU
Nisserine HAMINI-KADAR
Mabrouk KIHAL
Philippe SIMONEAU
author_facet Nabahat BESSADAT
Bruno HAMON
Nelly BATAILLÉ-SIMONEAU
Nisserine HAMINI-KADAR
Mabrouk KIHAL
Philippe SIMONEAU
author_sort Nabahat BESSADAT
collection DOAJ
description Symptoms of foliar blight were observed on turfgrass in Oran (Algeria), including yellow chlorotic patches on leaves during the 2020 summer (temperatures between 35 and 40°C). Symptoms extended downward from leaf tips and entire leaves became blighted, leading to irregular discoloured areas that later turned brown. Isolations from infected plants included 214 isolates identified as Curvularia or Bipolaris, based on morphological traits. Other isolates included Fusarium, Myrothecium and Acremonium spp. Three molecular loci, ITS rDNA, gpd and tef1, were amplified and sequenced. Morphological and multi-locus phylogenetic analyses revealed four fungal species viz. B. sorokiniana, C. spicifera, C. verruculosa, C. geniculata, and two additional Curvularia lineages, some of these fungi are reported are first records for Algeria. Koch’s postulates were confirmed by inoculating potted turfgrass with spore suspensions of 16 isolates and re-isolating of the inoculated pathogens from symptomatic tissues. Bipolaris sorokiniana was the most virulent pathogen causing numerous foliar necrotic lesions similar to those observed in the field. Other isolates infected basal leaves only, and caused less severe symptoms. The results show that Curvularia species may be secondary pathogens infecting stressed plants, and that simultaneous occurrence of high temperatures and poor water quality have influenced disease progression. Correct identification of these pathogens is important for applying appropriate and timely disease management.
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publishDate 2023-05-01
publisher Firenze University Press
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series Phytopathologia Mediterranea
spelling doaj-art-0ce8b258cfbb41b590f1e54402acb2512025-08-20T03:05:25ZengFirenze University PressPhytopathologia Mediterranea0031-94651593-20952023-05-01621739310.36253/phyto-1416913012Identification and characterization of fungi associated with leaf spot/blight and melting-out of turfgrass in AlgeriaNabahat BESSADAT0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7795-2606Bruno HAMON1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5868-0676Nelly BATAILLÉ-SIMONEAU2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6200-4259Nisserine HAMINI-KADAR3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3240-5913Mabrouk KIHAL4https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2901-373XPhilippe SIMONEAU5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3890-9848Université Angers, Institut Agro, INRAE, UMR 1345 IRHS, SFR QUASAV, Beaucouzé, 49071Université Angers, Institut Agro, INRAE, UMR 1345 IRHS, SFR QUASAV, Beaucouzé, 49071Université Angers, Institut Agro, INRAE, UMR 1345 IRHS, SFR QUASAV, Beaucouzé, 49071Université Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, BP1524 El M’naouer 31000 OranUniversité Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, BP1524 El M’naouer 31000 OranUniversité Angers, Institut Agro, INRAE, UMR 1345 IRHS, SFR QUASAV, Beaucouzé, 49071Symptoms of foliar blight were observed on turfgrass in Oran (Algeria), including yellow chlorotic patches on leaves during the 2020 summer (temperatures between 35 and 40°C). Symptoms extended downward from leaf tips and entire leaves became blighted, leading to irregular discoloured areas that later turned brown. Isolations from infected plants included 214 isolates identified as Curvularia or Bipolaris, based on morphological traits. Other isolates included Fusarium, Myrothecium and Acremonium spp. Three molecular loci, ITS rDNA, gpd and tef1, were amplified and sequenced. Morphological and multi-locus phylogenetic analyses revealed four fungal species viz. B. sorokiniana, C. spicifera, C. verruculosa, C. geniculata, and two additional Curvularia lineages, some of these fungi are reported are first records for Algeria. Koch’s postulates were confirmed by inoculating potted turfgrass with spore suspensions of 16 isolates and re-isolating of the inoculated pathogens from symptomatic tissues. Bipolaris sorokiniana was the most virulent pathogen causing numerous foliar necrotic lesions similar to those observed in the field. Other isolates infected basal leaves only, and caused less severe symptoms. The results show that Curvularia species may be secondary pathogens infecting stressed plants, and that simultaneous occurrence of high temperatures and poor water quality have influenced disease progression. Correct identification of these pathogens is important for applying appropriate and timely disease management.https://oajournals.fupress.net/index.php/pm/article/view/14169morphological characterizationmulti-gene phylogenykoch’s postulatesbipolaris spp.a. carbonarius
spellingShingle Nabahat BESSADAT
Bruno HAMON
Nelly BATAILLÉ-SIMONEAU
Nisserine HAMINI-KADAR
Mabrouk KIHAL
Philippe SIMONEAU
Identification and characterization of fungi associated with leaf spot/blight and melting-out of turfgrass in Algeria
Phytopathologia Mediterranea
morphological characterizationmulti-gene phylogeny
koch’s postulates
bipolaris spp.
a. carbonarius
title Identification and characterization of fungi associated with leaf spot/blight and melting-out of turfgrass in Algeria
title_full Identification and characterization of fungi associated with leaf spot/blight and melting-out of turfgrass in Algeria
title_fullStr Identification and characterization of fungi associated with leaf spot/blight and melting-out of turfgrass in Algeria
title_full_unstemmed Identification and characterization of fungi associated with leaf spot/blight and melting-out of turfgrass in Algeria
title_short Identification and characterization of fungi associated with leaf spot/blight and melting-out of turfgrass in Algeria
title_sort identification and characterization of fungi associated with leaf spot blight and melting out of turfgrass in algeria
topic morphological characterizationmulti-gene phylogeny
koch’s postulates
bipolaris spp.
a. carbonarius
url https://oajournals.fupress.net/index.php/pm/article/view/14169
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