Burden and Determinants of Anemia among Under-Five Children in Africa: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Introduction. Globally, anemia among under-five children is a serious public health problem. Even if there are pocket studies here and there, there is limited evidence on the pooled prevalence of anemia among under-five children in Africa. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the pooled...

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Main Authors: Sisay Eshete Tadesse, Aregash Abebayehu Zerga, Tefera Chane Mekonnen, Abay Woday Tadesse, Fozia Mohammed Hussien, Yitbarek Wasihun Feleke, Melaku Yalew Anagaw, Fanos Yeshanew Ayele
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2022-01-01
Series:Anemia
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1382940
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author Sisay Eshete Tadesse
Aregash Abebayehu Zerga
Tefera Chane Mekonnen
Abay Woday Tadesse
Fozia Mohammed Hussien
Yitbarek Wasihun Feleke
Melaku Yalew Anagaw
Fanos Yeshanew Ayele
author_facet Sisay Eshete Tadesse
Aregash Abebayehu Zerga
Tefera Chane Mekonnen
Abay Woday Tadesse
Fozia Mohammed Hussien
Yitbarek Wasihun Feleke
Melaku Yalew Anagaw
Fanos Yeshanew Ayele
author_sort Sisay Eshete Tadesse
collection DOAJ
description Introduction. Globally, anemia among under-five children is a serious public health problem. Even if there are pocket studies here and there, there is limited evidence on the pooled prevalence of anemia among under-five children in Africa. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the pooled prevalence and determinants of anemia. Methods and Analysis. This systematic review and meta-analysis was done following the PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive search was made in PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, HINARI, and Ethiopian Journal of Health Development for studies published since 2009. It was supplemented with Google Scholar search. Study selection, data extraction, and quality of studies were assessed by eight reviewers. The Cochrane Q test and I2 test statistic were used to test the heterogeneity of studies. A random-effects model of DerSimonian-Laird method was used. Result. A total of 37 articles were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of anemia among under-five children in Africa was 59% (95% CI: 55, 63). Being female (AOR = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.57, 0.87), maternal education (AOR = 1.47; 95% CI: 1.31, 1.66), residence (AOR = 0.80; 95% CI: 0.67, 0.95), and family size (AOR = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.89, 0.98) were the determinants of anemia among African under-five children. Conclusion and Recommendation. This pooled study revealed that anemia was a severe public health problem. Sex, maternal education, residence, and family size were the determinants of anemia. Therefore, anemia prevention strategy should include sex consideration, educating mothers through youth education, area specific intervention, and encouraging birth spacing.
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spelling doaj-art-0cd6b68a21d44f13a8059feff55e390f2025-08-20T02:03:01ZengWileyAnemia2090-12752022-01-01202210.1155/2022/1382940Burden and Determinants of Anemia among Under-Five Children in Africa: Systematic Review and Meta-AnalysisSisay Eshete Tadesse0Aregash Abebayehu Zerga1Tefera Chane Mekonnen2Abay Woday Tadesse3Fozia Mohammed Hussien4Yitbarek Wasihun Feleke5Melaku Yalew Anagaw6Fanos Yeshanew Ayele7Department of Nutrition and DieteticsDepartment of Nutrition and DieteticsDepartment of Nutrition and DieteticsDepartment of Public HealthDepartment of Nutrition and DieteticsDepartment of Nutrition and DieteticsDepartment of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsDepartment of Nutrition and DieteticsIntroduction. Globally, anemia among under-five children is a serious public health problem. Even if there are pocket studies here and there, there is limited evidence on the pooled prevalence of anemia among under-five children in Africa. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the pooled prevalence and determinants of anemia. Methods and Analysis. This systematic review and meta-analysis was done following the PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive search was made in PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, HINARI, and Ethiopian Journal of Health Development for studies published since 2009. It was supplemented with Google Scholar search. Study selection, data extraction, and quality of studies were assessed by eight reviewers. The Cochrane Q test and I2 test statistic were used to test the heterogeneity of studies. A random-effects model of DerSimonian-Laird method was used. Result. A total of 37 articles were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of anemia among under-five children in Africa was 59% (95% CI: 55, 63). Being female (AOR = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.57, 0.87), maternal education (AOR = 1.47; 95% CI: 1.31, 1.66), residence (AOR = 0.80; 95% CI: 0.67, 0.95), and family size (AOR = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.89, 0.98) were the determinants of anemia among African under-five children. Conclusion and Recommendation. This pooled study revealed that anemia was a severe public health problem. Sex, maternal education, residence, and family size were the determinants of anemia. Therefore, anemia prevention strategy should include sex consideration, educating mothers through youth education, area specific intervention, and encouraging birth spacing.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1382940
spellingShingle Sisay Eshete Tadesse
Aregash Abebayehu Zerga
Tefera Chane Mekonnen
Abay Woday Tadesse
Fozia Mohammed Hussien
Yitbarek Wasihun Feleke
Melaku Yalew Anagaw
Fanos Yeshanew Ayele
Burden and Determinants of Anemia among Under-Five Children in Africa: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Anemia
title Burden and Determinants of Anemia among Under-Five Children in Africa: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_full Burden and Determinants of Anemia among Under-Five Children in Africa: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_fullStr Burden and Determinants of Anemia among Under-Five Children in Africa: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_full_unstemmed Burden and Determinants of Anemia among Under-Five Children in Africa: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_short Burden and Determinants of Anemia among Under-Five Children in Africa: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_sort burden and determinants of anemia among under five children in africa systematic review and meta analysis
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1382940
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