Physical activity and/or sedentary behaviour and the development of functional disability in community-dwelling older adults in Tsuru, Japan: a prospective cohort study (the Tsuru Longitudinal Study)
Objectives To clarify the association between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and/or sedentary behaviour (SB) and the incidence of functional disability (FD) in older adults.Design Prospective cohort study.Setting Local municipality of Tsuru, Yamanashi, Japan. We conducted a baseline s...
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BMJ Publishing Group
2022-03-01
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| author | Kazushi Maruo Takuya Yamada Yoshiharu Fukuda Susumu S Sawada Shinichiro Sato Noriko Takeda Mutsumi Nakamura Yuta Nemoto Yoshinori Kitabatake Takashi Arao |
| author_facet | Kazushi Maruo Takuya Yamada Yoshiharu Fukuda Susumu S Sawada Shinichiro Sato Noriko Takeda Mutsumi Nakamura Yuta Nemoto Yoshinori Kitabatake Takashi Arao |
| author_sort | Kazushi Maruo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objectives To clarify the association between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and/or sedentary behaviour (SB) and the incidence of functional disability (FD) in older adults.Design Prospective cohort study.Setting Local municipality of Tsuru, Yamanashi, Japan. We conducted a baseline survey in January 2016. Follow-up was commenced on 1 February 2016 and completed on 31 October 2018.Participants All individuals (6661 people) aged >65 years who were independently living in the community were eligible.Methods and outcome measures MVPA (min/week) and SB (min/day) were measured using self-administered questionnaires in 5311 independently living older adults who participated in this study. The follow-up period was 33 months, and the incidence of FD was objectively determined by experts. The participants were divided into three groups based on MVPA distribution (non-MVPA, 0 min; short-MVPA, 1–299 min and long-MVPA, ≥300 min/week) and into two groups based on the median value of SB (short-SB,<190 min; and long-SB, ≥190 min/day). The participants were also classified into six categories based on different combinations of MVPA and SB. Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate the HR and 95% CI for FD development with MVPA, SB and a combination of these behaviours.Results Among the included participants, 2415 were male and 2896 were female. The mean ages (SD) of the male and female participants were 74.5 (6.8) and 74.9 (6.9) years, respectively. The total number of participants with chronic conditions was 3489 (65.7%). Using the non-MVPA group as the reference, the multivariable-adjusted HR (95% CI) was 0.68 (0.54 to 0.84) in the short-MVPA group and 0.53 (0.41 to 0.69) in the long-MVPA group. Regarding SB, the short-SB group had an HR of 0.86 (0.71 to 1.03) compared with the long-SB group. The combined behaviour showed the lowest HR in the long-MVPA and short-SB group 0.49 (0.34 to 0.72) and the long-MVPA and long-SB group 0.49 (0.34 to 0.68), respectively.Conclusions Long-MVPA had a robust association with FD development, whereas short-SB had a modest association. Moreover, a combination of these behaviours had a stronger association than individual behaviours. If the identified associations are assumed to be causal in nature, these findings suggest that encouraging older adults to engage in MVPA and reduce SB in their daily lives could be effective to prevent or delay FD development. |
| format | Article |
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| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-0cd60d8eb99e4c939716ed26fd0450792025-08-20T01:53:30ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open2044-60552022-03-0112310.1136/bmjopen-2021-056642Physical activity and/or sedentary behaviour and the development of functional disability in community-dwelling older adults in Tsuru, Japan: a prospective cohort study (the Tsuru Longitudinal Study)Kazushi Maruo0Takuya Yamada1Yoshiharu Fukuda2Susumu S Sawada3Shinichiro Sato4Noriko Takeda5Mutsumi Nakamura6Yuta Nemoto7Yoshinori Kitabatake8Takashi Arao914 Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, JapanGraduate School of Public Health, Teikyo University, Itabashi-ku, JapanSchool of Public Health, Teikyo Daigaku, Itabashi-ku, JapanFaculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, JapanFaculty of Health Sciences, University of Human Arts and Sciences Libraries, Saitama, JapanFaculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, JapanFaculty of Human Care at Makuhari, Tohto University, Makuhari, JapanResearch Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, JapanSchool of Health and Social Services, Saitama Prefectural University, Koshigaya, JapanPhysical Fitness Research Institute, Meiji Yasuda Life Foundation of Health and Welfare, Hachioji, JapanObjectives To clarify the association between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and/or sedentary behaviour (SB) and the incidence of functional disability (FD) in older adults.Design Prospective cohort study.Setting Local municipality of Tsuru, Yamanashi, Japan. We conducted a baseline survey in January 2016. Follow-up was commenced on 1 February 2016 and completed on 31 October 2018.Participants All individuals (6661 people) aged >65 years who were independently living in the community were eligible.Methods and outcome measures MVPA (min/week) and SB (min/day) were measured using self-administered questionnaires in 5311 independently living older adults who participated in this study. The follow-up period was 33 months, and the incidence of FD was objectively determined by experts. The participants were divided into three groups based on MVPA distribution (non-MVPA, 0 min; short-MVPA, 1–299 min and long-MVPA, ≥300 min/week) and into two groups based on the median value of SB (short-SB,<190 min; and long-SB, ≥190 min/day). The participants were also classified into six categories based on different combinations of MVPA and SB. Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate the HR and 95% CI for FD development with MVPA, SB and a combination of these behaviours.Results Among the included participants, 2415 were male and 2896 were female. The mean ages (SD) of the male and female participants were 74.5 (6.8) and 74.9 (6.9) years, respectively. The total number of participants with chronic conditions was 3489 (65.7%). Using the non-MVPA group as the reference, the multivariable-adjusted HR (95% CI) was 0.68 (0.54 to 0.84) in the short-MVPA group and 0.53 (0.41 to 0.69) in the long-MVPA group. Regarding SB, the short-SB group had an HR of 0.86 (0.71 to 1.03) compared with the long-SB group. The combined behaviour showed the lowest HR in the long-MVPA and short-SB group 0.49 (0.34 to 0.72) and the long-MVPA and long-SB group 0.49 (0.34 to 0.68), respectively.Conclusions Long-MVPA had a robust association with FD development, whereas short-SB had a modest association. Moreover, a combination of these behaviours had a stronger association than individual behaviours. If the identified associations are assumed to be causal in nature, these findings suggest that encouraging older adults to engage in MVPA and reduce SB in their daily lives could be effective to prevent or delay FD development.https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/12/3/e056642.full |
| spellingShingle | Kazushi Maruo Takuya Yamada Yoshiharu Fukuda Susumu S Sawada Shinichiro Sato Noriko Takeda Mutsumi Nakamura Yuta Nemoto Yoshinori Kitabatake Takashi Arao Physical activity and/or sedentary behaviour and the development of functional disability in community-dwelling older adults in Tsuru, Japan: a prospective cohort study (the Tsuru Longitudinal Study) BMJ Open |
| title | Physical activity and/or sedentary behaviour and the development of functional disability in community-dwelling older adults in Tsuru, Japan: a prospective cohort study (the Tsuru Longitudinal Study) |
| title_full | Physical activity and/or sedentary behaviour and the development of functional disability in community-dwelling older adults in Tsuru, Japan: a prospective cohort study (the Tsuru Longitudinal Study) |
| title_fullStr | Physical activity and/or sedentary behaviour and the development of functional disability in community-dwelling older adults in Tsuru, Japan: a prospective cohort study (the Tsuru Longitudinal Study) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Physical activity and/or sedentary behaviour and the development of functional disability in community-dwelling older adults in Tsuru, Japan: a prospective cohort study (the Tsuru Longitudinal Study) |
| title_short | Physical activity and/or sedentary behaviour and the development of functional disability in community-dwelling older adults in Tsuru, Japan: a prospective cohort study (the Tsuru Longitudinal Study) |
| title_sort | physical activity and or sedentary behaviour and the development of functional disability in community dwelling older adults in tsuru japan a prospective cohort study the tsuru longitudinal study |
| url | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/12/3/e056642.full |
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