Universal structure of islands in evaporating black holes

Abstract The entanglement entropy of the Hawking radiation contains contributions from a region inside the black hole, which is called islands, implying that the Hawking radiation contains the information of islands. The boundary of the island is given by the quantum extremal surface, whose position...

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Main Author: Yoshinori Matsuo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SpringerOpen 2025-03-01
Series:Journal of High Energy Physics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP03(2025)068
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author Yoshinori Matsuo
author_facet Yoshinori Matsuo
author_sort Yoshinori Matsuo
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The entanglement entropy of the Hawking radiation contains contributions from a region inside the black hole, which is called islands, implying that the Hawking radiation contains the information of islands. The boundary of the island is given by the quantum extremal surface, whose position is determined so that the entanglement entropy is extremized. In many cases of stationary black holes in the Hartle-Hawking vacuum and a few cases of evaporating black holes in the Unruh vacuum, it was already confirmed that the quantum extremal surface is located outside the horizon for black holes in the Hartle-Hawking vacuum and is inside the horizon for black holes in the Unruh vacuum. In this paper, we calculate islands in general black holes and show that the island extends to the outside of the horizon in the Hartle-Hawking vacuum but is hidden inside the horizon in the Unruh vacuum independent of details of the black hole.
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spelling doaj-art-0c9e62c830f747e2b6df5ecaa359656a2025-08-20T03:10:17ZengSpringerOpenJournal of High Energy Physics1029-84792025-03-012025314210.1007/JHEP03(2025)068Universal structure of islands in evaporating black holesYoshinori Matsuo0Department of Physics, Kindai UniversityAbstract The entanglement entropy of the Hawking radiation contains contributions from a region inside the black hole, which is called islands, implying that the Hawking radiation contains the information of islands. The boundary of the island is given by the quantum extremal surface, whose position is determined so that the entanglement entropy is extremized. In many cases of stationary black holes in the Hartle-Hawking vacuum and a few cases of evaporating black holes in the Unruh vacuum, it was already confirmed that the quantum extremal surface is located outside the horizon for black holes in the Hartle-Hawking vacuum and is inside the horizon for black holes in the Unruh vacuum. In this paper, we calculate islands in general black holes and show that the island extends to the outside of the horizon in the Hartle-Hawking vacuum but is hidden inside the horizon in the Unruh vacuum independent of details of the black hole.https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP03(2025)068Black HolesAdS-CFT CorrespondenceBlack Holes in String Theory
spellingShingle Yoshinori Matsuo
Universal structure of islands in evaporating black holes
Journal of High Energy Physics
Black Holes
AdS-CFT Correspondence
Black Holes in String Theory
title Universal structure of islands in evaporating black holes
title_full Universal structure of islands in evaporating black holes
title_fullStr Universal structure of islands in evaporating black holes
title_full_unstemmed Universal structure of islands in evaporating black holes
title_short Universal structure of islands in evaporating black holes
title_sort universal structure of islands in evaporating black holes
topic Black Holes
AdS-CFT Correspondence
Black Holes in String Theory
url https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP03(2025)068
work_keys_str_mv AT yoshinorimatsuo universalstructureofislandsinevaporatingblackholes