Urban residents’ perspectives on eco-city: a second-order confirmatory factor analysis of Khon Kaen, Northeast Thailand
The concept of eco-cities has gained prominence and become a central focus of urban design in recent decades. While theoretical models are well-recognized among policymakers, the extent to which these approaches are understood and embraced by urban residents remains underexplored. Using a quantitati...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Sustainable Cities |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frsc.2025.1540136/full |
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| author | Buapun Promphakping Rasita Dasri Kritsada Phatchaney Ninlawadee Promphakping Pornpen Somaboot Songmuang Laotrakul |
| author_facet | Buapun Promphakping Rasita Dasri Kritsada Phatchaney Ninlawadee Promphakping Pornpen Somaboot Songmuang Laotrakul |
| author_sort | Buapun Promphakping |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The concept of eco-cities has gained prominence and become a central focus of urban design in recent decades. While theoretical models are well-recognized among policymakers, the extent to which these approaches are understood and embraced by urban residents remains underexplored. Using a quantitative approach, specifically second-order confirmatory factor analysis (Second-Order CFA), this study examined whether the eco-city concept applied by professionals in Khon Kaen, a city located in northeastern Thailand, aligns with residents’ perceptions. A total of 400 residents and stakeholders in Khon Kaen were surveyed using a structured questionnaire. The analysis of urban residents’ perceptions reveals that the economic aspect exerts the most influence on the eco-city concept, followed by environmental and sociocultural aspects. This finding suggests that residents’ perspectives on eco-cities are generally consistent with professional ideas and theoretical models. However, the contribution of latent factors—economic, sociocultural, and environmental—is shaped by complex interactions among the observed factors. The results indicate that transforming the existing economic and environmental structures of the city is challenging, while the sociocultural aspect, from residents’ perspectives, may be more easily addressed. This study recommends prioritizing the retrofitting of social infrastructure and recognizing its contributions to improving both the economy and environment in urban planning. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0c99d96fb90541ee82c69d55b84a4bca |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2624-9634 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Sustainable Cities |
| spelling | doaj-art-0c99d96fb90541ee82c69d55b84a4bca2025-01-28T06:41:23ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Sustainable Cities2624-96342025-01-01710.3389/frsc.2025.15401361540136Urban residents’ perspectives on eco-city: a second-order confirmatory factor analysis of Khon Kaen, Northeast ThailandBuapun Promphakping0Rasita Dasri1Kritsada Phatchaney2Ninlawadee Promphakping3Pornpen Somaboot4Songmuang Laotrakul5Research Group on Wellbeing and Sustainable Development, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, ThailandCollege of Local Administration, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, ThailandResearch Group on Wellbeing and Sustainable Development, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, ThailandResearch Group on Wellbeing and Sustainable Development, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, ThailandResearch Group on Wellbeing and Sustainable Development, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, ThailandResearch Group on Wellbeing and Sustainable Development, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, ThailandThe concept of eco-cities has gained prominence and become a central focus of urban design in recent decades. While theoretical models are well-recognized among policymakers, the extent to which these approaches are understood and embraced by urban residents remains underexplored. Using a quantitative approach, specifically second-order confirmatory factor analysis (Second-Order CFA), this study examined whether the eco-city concept applied by professionals in Khon Kaen, a city located in northeastern Thailand, aligns with residents’ perceptions. A total of 400 residents and stakeholders in Khon Kaen were surveyed using a structured questionnaire. The analysis of urban residents’ perceptions reveals that the economic aspect exerts the most influence on the eco-city concept, followed by environmental and sociocultural aspects. This finding suggests that residents’ perspectives on eco-cities are generally consistent with professional ideas and theoretical models. However, the contribution of latent factors—economic, sociocultural, and environmental—is shaped by complex interactions among the observed factors. The results indicate that transforming the existing economic and environmental structures of the city is challenging, while the sociocultural aspect, from residents’ perspectives, may be more easily addressed. This study recommends prioritizing the retrofitting of social infrastructure and recognizing its contributions to improving both the economy and environment in urban planning.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frsc.2025.1540136/fulleco-citysmart cityperspectives on eco-citygreen cityurban resident perspectivesNortheast Thailand |
| spellingShingle | Buapun Promphakping Rasita Dasri Kritsada Phatchaney Ninlawadee Promphakping Pornpen Somaboot Songmuang Laotrakul Urban residents’ perspectives on eco-city: a second-order confirmatory factor analysis of Khon Kaen, Northeast Thailand Frontiers in Sustainable Cities eco-city smart city perspectives on eco-city green city urban resident perspectives Northeast Thailand |
| title | Urban residents’ perspectives on eco-city: a second-order confirmatory factor analysis of Khon Kaen, Northeast Thailand |
| title_full | Urban residents’ perspectives on eco-city: a second-order confirmatory factor analysis of Khon Kaen, Northeast Thailand |
| title_fullStr | Urban residents’ perspectives on eco-city: a second-order confirmatory factor analysis of Khon Kaen, Northeast Thailand |
| title_full_unstemmed | Urban residents’ perspectives on eco-city: a second-order confirmatory factor analysis of Khon Kaen, Northeast Thailand |
| title_short | Urban residents’ perspectives on eco-city: a second-order confirmatory factor analysis of Khon Kaen, Northeast Thailand |
| title_sort | urban residents perspectives on eco city a second order confirmatory factor analysis of khon kaen northeast thailand |
| topic | eco-city smart city perspectives on eco-city green city urban resident perspectives Northeast Thailand |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frsc.2025.1540136/full |
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