Antibacterial Efficacy of Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract against Salmonella typhimurium in a Rat Model: An Experimental Study on Infection Treatment

Background: The rise of antibiotic resistance has necessitated the exploration of alternative treatments, including plant-based remedies. Moringa oleifera, known for its medicinal properties, exhibits antimicrobial activity against various pathogens. This study investigates the antibacterial effic...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Saranraj, P
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Fallujah 2025-07-01
Series:مجلة الانبار للعلوم البيطرية
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Online Access:https://journals.lww.com/ajvs/_layouts/15/oaks.journals/downloadpdf.aspx?trckng_src_pg=ArticleViewer&an=02108118-202501000-00005
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Summary:Background: The rise of antibiotic resistance has necessitated the exploration of alternative treatments, including plant-based remedies. Moringa oleifera, known for its medicinal properties, exhibits antimicrobial activity against various pathogens. This study investigates the antibacterial efficacy of Moringa oleifera leaf extract against Salmonella typhimurium in a rat model. Aims and Objectives: (i) To evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of Moringa oleifera leaf extract against Salmonella typhimurium in vivo; (ii) To assess survival rates and histopathological changes in treated and untreated rats and (iii) To compare the efficacy of Moringa oleifera leaf extract with the standard antibiotic ciprofloxacin. Materials and Methods: Thirty Wistar rats were divided into three groups: untreated control, positive control (ciprofloxacin-treated), and experimental (Moringa oleifera leaf extract-treated). Rats were orally inoculated with S. typhimurium (10⁸ CFU/mL) and monitored for 14 days. Bacterial load, survival rates, and histopathological changes in liver, spleen, and intestines were analyzed. Results: The Moringa oleifera extract significantly reduced bacterial load (from 10⁸ CFU/g to 10³ CFU/g by day 14), comparable to ciprofloxacin. Survival rates in the experimental group (85%) were higher than the untreated control (30 %) and similar to the positive control (90 %). Histopathological analysis revealed mild inflammation and moderate tissue damage in the treated group, contrasting with severe damage in untreated rats. Conclusion: Moringa oleifera leaf extract demonstrated potent antibacterial activity against S. typhimurium, improving survival rates and reducing tissue damage. Its efficacy was comparable to ciprofloxacin, suggesting its potential as a natural alternative for treating Salmonella infections
ISSN:1999-6527
2707-0603