Do Elite Female Judokas Show Asymmetry in the Internal and External Rotators of the Shoulder? A One-Dimensional and Principal Component Approach
<b>Background/Aims:</b> Asymmetry of the internal (IR) and external (ER) shoulder rotators can increase the risk of injuries in judokas. Discrete analyses are usually performed in time series data, but they can have biases by removing trends, so other approaches have been proposed to avo...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-12-01
|
| Series: | Biomechanics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-7078/4/4/54 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850239727867789312 |
|---|---|
| author | Esteban Aedo-Muñoz Pablo Merino Muñoz Luciano Bernardes Leite Pedro Forte Bianca Miarka Matias Gonzalez Valenzuela Cristian Hernandez-Wimmer David Arriagada-Tarifeño Ciro José Brito |
| author_facet | Esteban Aedo-Muñoz Pablo Merino Muñoz Luciano Bernardes Leite Pedro Forte Bianca Miarka Matias Gonzalez Valenzuela Cristian Hernandez-Wimmer David Arriagada-Tarifeño Ciro José Brito |
| author_sort | Esteban Aedo-Muñoz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Background/Aims:</b> Asymmetry of the internal (IR) and external (ER) shoulder rotators can increase the risk of injuries in judokas. Discrete analyses are usually performed in time series data, but they can have biases by removing trends, so other approaches have been proposed to avoid these biases such as statistical parametric mapping (SPM) and principal component analysis (PCA). This study analyzed the asymmetry in the shoulder rotators in female judokas, comparing dominant (D) vs. non-dominant (ND) upper limbs. <b>Methods:</b> For this, 11 elite athletes (age: 20.1 ± 2.9 yrs.; experience: 4.0 ± 0.5 yrs.; body mass: 66.0 ± 14.6 kg; height: 1.6 ± 0.1 m; BMI: 24.8 ± 4.3 kg/m<sup>2</sup>), were evaluated in an isokinetic dynamometer (Cybex<sup>®</sup> Humac/Norm Dynamometer CSMI, 502140, Stoughton, MA, USA). All participants performed the concentric (CON/CON) isokinetic evaluations of internal and external rotation of the shoulder in 60°/s and 180°/s angular velocities. <b>Results</b>: There was no significative asymmetry between IR vs. ER at 60°/s; similar results were observed at 180°/s when analyzed by PCA or SPM methods (<i>p</i> > 0.05 for all comparison). There was no difference between peak torque at 60°/s or 180°/s (<i>p</i> > 0.05 for all comparison). <b>Conclusions:</b> no asymmetry was observed in IR and ER in elite female athletes, regardless of the analysis method. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0c9132a5bb9a4ae0a50a38ea09147f3d |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2673-7078 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomechanics |
| spelling | doaj-art-0c9132a5bb9a4ae0a50a38ea09147f3d2025-08-20T02:01:04ZengMDPI AGBiomechanics2673-70782024-12-014473874910.3390/biomechanics4040054Do Elite Female Judokas Show Asymmetry in the Internal and External Rotators of the Shoulder? A One-Dimensional and Principal Component ApproachEsteban Aedo-Muñoz0Pablo Merino Muñoz1Luciano Bernardes Leite2Pedro Forte3Bianca Miarka4Matias Gonzalez Valenzuela5Cristian Hernandez-Wimmer6David Arriagada-Tarifeño7Ciro José Brito8Sciences of Physical Activity, Sports and Health School, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 917022, ChileNúcleo de Investigación en Ciencias de la Motricidad Humana, Universidad Adventista de Chile, Chillán 3780000, ChileLaboratory of Exercise Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, BrazilDepartment of Sports, Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-708 Penafiel, PortugalDepartment of Physical Education, Laboratory of Psychophysiology and Performance in Sports and Combats, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, BrazilLaboratory of Applied Neuromechanics, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170124, ChileDepartment of Physical Education, Sports and Recreation, Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación, Santiago 7760197, ChileLaboratory of Applied Neuromechanics, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170124, ChileSciences of Physical Activity, Sports and Health School, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 917022, Chile<b>Background/Aims:</b> Asymmetry of the internal (IR) and external (ER) shoulder rotators can increase the risk of injuries in judokas. Discrete analyses are usually performed in time series data, but they can have biases by removing trends, so other approaches have been proposed to avoid these biases such as statistical parametric mapping (SPM) and principal component analysis (PCA). This study analyzed the asymmetry in the shoulder rotators in female judokas, comparing dominant (D) vs. non-dominant (ND) upper limbs. <b>Methods:</b> For this, 11 elite athletes (age: 20.1 ± 2.9 yrs.; experience: 4.0 ± 0.5 yrs.; body mass: 66.0 ± 14.6 kg; height: 1.6 ± 0.1 m; BMI: 24.8 ± 4.3 kg/m<sup>2</sup>), were evaluated in an isokinetic dynamometer (Cybex<sup>®</sup> Humac/Norm Dynamometer CSMI, 502140, Stoughton, MA, USA). All participants performed the concentric (CON/CON) isokinetic evaluations of internal and external rotation of the shoulder in 60°/s and 180°/s angular velocities. <b>Results</b>: There was no significative asymmetry between IR vs. ER at 60°/s; similar results were observed at 180°/s when analyzed by PCA or SPM methods (<i>p</i> > 0.05 for all comparison). There was no difference between peak torque at 60°/s or 180°/s (<i>p</i> > 0.05 for all comparison). <b>Conclusions:</b> no asymmetry was observed in IR and ER in elite female athletes, regardless of the analysis method.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-7078/4/4/54martial artsisokineticsbiomechanicsathletic performancetask performance and analysisstatistical parametric mapping |
| spellingShingle | Esteban Aedo-Muñoz Pablo Merino Muñoz Luciano Bernardes Leite Pedro Forte Bianca Miarka Matias Gonzalez Valenzuela Cristian Hernandez-Wimmer David Arriagada-Tarifeño Ciro José Brito Do Elite Female Judokas Show Asymmetry in the Internal and External Rotators of the Shoulder? A One-Dimensional and Principal Component Approach Biomechanics martial arts isokinetics biomechanics athletic performance task performance and analysis statistical parametric mapping |
| title | Do Elite Female Judokas Show Asymmetry in the Internal and External Rotators of the Shoulder? A One-Dimensional and Principal Component Approach |
| title_full | Do Elite Female Judokas Show Asymmetry in the Internal and External Rotators of the Shoulder? A One-Dimensional and Principal Component Approach |
| title_fullStr | Do Elite Female Judokas Show Asymmetry in the Internal and External Rotators of the Shoulder? A One-Dimensional and Principal Component Approach |
| title_full_unstemmed | Do Elite Female Judokas Show Asymmetry in the Internal and External Rotators of the Shoulder? A One-Dimensional and Principal Component Approach |
| title_short | Do Elite Female Judokas Show Asymmetry in the Internal and External Rotators of the Shoulder? A One-Dimensional and Principal Component Approach |
| title_sort | do elite female judokas show asymmetry in the internal and external rotators of the shoulder a one dimensional and principal component approach |
| topic | martial arts isokinetics biomechanics athletic performance task performance and analysis statistical parametric mapping |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-7078/4/4/54 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT estebanaedomunoz doelitefemalejudokasshowasymmetryintheinternalandexternalrotatorsoftheshoulderaonedimensionalandprincipalcomponentapproach AT pablomerinomunoz doelitefemalejudokasshowasymmetryintheinternalandexternalrotatorsoftheshoulderaonedimensionalandprincipalcomponentapproach AT lucianobernardesleite doelitefemalejudokasshowasymmetryintheinternalandexternalrotatorsoftheshoulderaonedimensionalandprincipalcomponentapproach AT pedroforte doelitefemalejudokasshowasymmetryintheinternalandexternalrotatorsoftheshoulderaonedimensionalandprincipalcomponentapproach AT biancamiarka doelitefemalejudokasshowasymmetryintheinternalandexternalrotatorsoftheshoulderaonedimensionalandprincipalcomponentapproach AT matiasgonzalezvalenzuela doelitefemalejudokasshowasymmetryintheinternalandexternalrotatorsoftheshoulderaonedimensionalandprincipalcomponentapproach AT cristianhernandezwimmer doelitefemalejudokasshowasymmetryintheinternalandexternalrotatorsoftheshoulderaonedimensionalandprincipalcomponentapproach AT davidarriagadatarifeno doelitefemalejudokasshowasymmetryintheinternalandexternalrotatorsoftheshoulderaonedimensionalandprincipalcomponentapproach AT cirojosebrito doelitefemalejudokasshowasymmetryintheinternalandexternalrotatorsoftheshoulderaonedimensionalandprincipalcomponentapproach |