Association between adjusted atherogenic index of plasma and major adverse cardiovascular events after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with STEMI: a prospective observational study in China
Objectives The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) has been reported as a biomarker for cardiovascular disease risks and clinical outcomes. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between the AIP and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) after percutaneous coronary intervention (...
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BMJ Publishing Group
2025-08-01
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| Series: | BMJ Open |
| Online Access: | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/15/8/e096065.full |
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| author | Dong Wu Xiaoying Wang Ya Li Xiaojuan Wang Xiaowu Wang Zhenfeng Yang Zhen M A Yongkai Ma Guangli Li |
| author_facet | Dong Wu Xiaoying Wang Ya Li Xiaojuan Wang Xiaowu Wang Zhenfeng Yang Zhen M A Yongkai Ma Guangli Li |
| author_sort | Dong Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objectives The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) has been reported as a biomarker for cardiovascular disease risks and clinical outcomes. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between the AIP and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).Design Prospective observational study.Setting Data were collected from consecutive patients with STEMI who received PCI at Fuyang People’s Hospital from January 2023 to March 2024.Patients A total of 334 patients with STEMI who underwent PCI. The adjusted AIP (aAIP) was calculated using the following formula: aAIP=log ((triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol × 100). The patient population was divided into four groups based on the aAIP quartiles.Primary and secondary outcome measures The primary outcome was MACEs, and the secondary outcomes included all-cause mortality, all-cause readmission and unplanned readmission as individual endpoints.Results Among 334 eligible patients, 68 (20.36%) experienced MACEs during a median follow-up of 8.70 months. After adjusting for confounders, continuous aAIP was positively correlated with MACEs in all three models. Patients in Q3 and Q4 had significantly higher MACE risks than Q1 (p<0.001 for each model), but no difference was observed between Q1 and Q2 (p>0.05 for each model). Compared with Q1, Q4 had significantly increased all-cause mortality risk (Model 2: HR=12.72, 95% CI 1.39 to 76.44 and Model 3: HR=16.18, 95% CI 1.66 to 117.50). All-cause readmission risk was also higher in Q3 and Q4 (Model 3: Q3: HR=2.242, 95% CI 1.043 to 4.818, p=0.039 and Q4: HR=5.378, 95% CI 2.557 to 11.314, p<0.001). Kaplan–Meier curves showed that higher aAIP was associated with increased risks of MACEs, all-cause readmission and unplanned readmission (all log-rank p<0.0001), but not all-cause mortality (log-rank p=0.1534). No significant interactions between subgroups and the aAIP were observed (p>0.05 for interaction).Conclusions Higher aAIP was significantly associated with increased risks of MACEs, all-cause readmission and unplanned readmission. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0c8a577c2e4344328dcafef6203bb87a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2044-6055 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
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| series | BMJ Open |
| spelling | doaj-art-0c8a577c2e4344328dcafef6203bb87a2025-08-22T04:15:12ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open2044-60552025-08-0115810.1136/bmjopen-2024-096065Association between adjusted atherogenic index of plasma and major adverse cardiovascular events after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with STEMI: a prospective observational study in ChinaDong Wu0Xiaoying Wang1Ya Li2Xiaojuan Wang3Xiaowu Wang4Zhenfeng Yang5Zhen M A6Yongkai Ma7Guangli Li8Department of Pharmacy, Fuyang People’s Hospital, Fuyang, ChinaDepartment of Pharmacy, Fuyang People’s Hospital, Fuyang, ChinaDepartment of Pharmacy, Fuyang People’s Hospital, Fuyang, ChinaDepartment of Academic Affairs, Fuyang People`s Hospital, Fuyang, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, The Second People`s Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang Clinical College of Infectious Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, ChinaDepartment of Pharmacy, Fuyang People’s Hospital, Fuyang, ChinaDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fuyang People’s Hospital, Fuyang, ChinaDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fuyang People’s Hospital, Fuyang, ChinaDepartment of Pharmacy, Fuyang People’s Hospital, Fuyang, ChinaObjectives The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) has been reported as a biomarker for cardiovascular disease risks and clinical outcomes. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between the AIP and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).Design Prospective observational study.Setting Data were collected from consecutive patients with STEMI who received PCI at Fuyang People’s Hospital from January 2023 to March 2024.Patients A total of 334 patients with STEMI who underwent PCI. The adjusted AIP (aAIP) was calculated using the following formula: aAIP=log ((triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol × 100). The patient population was divided into four groups based on the aAIP quartiles.Primary and secondary outcome measures The primary outcome was MACEs, and the secondary outcomes included all-cause mortality, all-cause readmission and unplanned readmission as individual endpoints.Results Among 334 eligible patients, 68 (20.36%) experienced MACEs during a median follow-up of 8.70 months. After adjusting for confounders, continuous aAIP was positively correlated with MACEs in all three models. Patients in Q3 and Q4 had significantly higher MACE risks than Q1 (p<0.001 for each model), but no difference was observed between Q1 and Q2 (p>0.05 for each model). Compared with Q1, Q4 had significantly increased all-cause mortality risk (Model 2: HR=12.72, 95% CI 1.39 to 76.44 and Model 3: HR=16.18, 95% CI 1.66 to 117.50). All-cause readmission risk was also higher in Q3 and Q4 (Model 3: Q3: HR=2.242, 95% CI 1.043 to 4.818, p=0.039 and Q4: HR=5.378, 95% CI 2.557 to 11.314, p<0.001). Kaplan–Meier curves showed that higher aAIP was associated with increased risks of MACEs, all-cause readmission and unplanned readmission (all log-rank p<0.0001), but not all-cause mortality (log-rank p=0.1534). No significant interactions between subgroups and the aAIP were observed (p>0.05 for interaction).Conclusions Higher aAIP was significantly associated with increased risks of MACEs, all-cause readmission and unplanned readmission.https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/15/8/e096065.full |
| spellingShingle | Dong Wu Xiaoying Wang Ya Li Xiaojuan Wang Xiaowu Wang Zhenfeng Yang Zhen M A Yongkai Ma Guangli Li Association between adjusted atherogenic index of plasma and major adverse cardiovascular events after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with STEMI: a prospective observational study in China BMJ Open |
| title | Association between adjusted atherogenic index of plasma and major adverse cardiovascular events after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with STEMI: a prospective observational study in China |
| title_full | Association between adjusted atherogenic index of plasma and major adverse cardiovascular events after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with STEMI: a prospective observational study in China |
| title_fullStr | Association between adjusted atherogenic index of plasma and major adverse cardiovascular events after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with STEMI: a prospective observational study in China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association between adjusted atherogenic index of plasma and major adverse cardiovascular events after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with STEMI: a prospective observational study in China |
| title_short | Association between adjusted atherogenic index of plasma and major adverse cardiovascular events after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with STEMI: a prospective observational study in China |
| title_sort | association between adjusted atherogenic index of plasma and major adverse cardiovascular events after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with stemi a prospective observational study in china |
| url | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/15/8/e096065.full |
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