A natural bacterial pathogen of C. elegans uses a small RNA to induce transgenerational inheritance of learned avoidance.

C. elegans can learn to avoid pathogenic bacteria through several mechanisms, including bacterial small RNA-induced learned avoidance behavior, which can be inherited transgenerationally. Previously, we discovered that a small RNA from a clinical isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, PA14, induces lear...

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Main Authors: Titas Sengupta, Jonathan St Ange, Rachel Kaletsky, Rebecca S Moore, Renee J Seto, Jacob Marogi, Cameron Myhrvold, Zemer Gitai, Coleen T Murphy
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2024-03-01
Series:PLoS Genetics
Online Access:https://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1011178&type=printable
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author Titas Sengupta
Jonathan St Ange
Rachel Kaletsky
Rebecca S Moore
Renee J Seto
Jacob Marogi
Cameron Myhrvold
Zemer Gitai
Coleen T Murphy
author_facet Titas Sengupta
Jonathan St Ange
Rachel Kaletsky
Rebecca S Moore
Renee J Seto
Jacob Marogi
Cameron Myhrvold
Zemer Gitai
Coleen T Murphy
author_sort Titas Sengupta
collection DOAJ
description C. elegans can learn to avoid pathogenic bacteria through several mechanisms, including bacterial small RNA-induced learned avoidance behavior, which can be inherited transgenerationally. Previously, we discovered that a small RNA from a clinical isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, PA14, induces learned avoidance and transgenerational inheritance of that avoidance in C. elegans. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important human pathogen, and there are other Pseudomonads in C. elegans' natural habitat, but it is unclear whether C. elegans ever encounters PA14-like bacteria in the wild. Thus, it is not known if small RNAs from bacteria found in C. elegans' natural habitat can also regulate host behavior and produce heritable behavioral effects. Here we screened a set of wild habitat bacteria, and found that a pathogenic Pseudomonas vranovensis strain isolated from the C. elegans microbiota, GRb0427, regulates worm behavior: worms learn to avoid this pathogenic bacterium following exposure, and this learned avoidance is inherited for four generations. The learned response is entirely mediated by bacterially-produced small RNAs, which induce avoidance and transgenerational inheritance, providing further support that such mechanisms of learning and inheritance exist in the wild. We identified Pv1, a small RNA expressed in P. vranovensis, that has a 16-nucleotide match to an exon of the C. elegans gene maco-1. Pv1 is both necessary and sufficient to induce learned avoidance of Grb0427. However, Pv1 also results in avoidance of a beneficial microbiome strain, P. mendocina. Our findings suggest that bacterial small RNA-mediated regulation of host behavior and its transgenerational inheritance may be functional in C. elegans' natural environment, and that this potentially maladaptive response may favor reversal of the transgenerational memory after a few generations. Our data also suggest that different bacterial small RNA-mediated regulation systems evolved independently, but define shared molecular features of bacterial small RNAs that produce transgenerationally-inherited effects.
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spelling doaj-art-0c811e04461f4c61a5bca97ae8cd9a632025-08-20T03:25:57ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Genetics1553-73901553-74042024-03-01203e101117810.1371/journal.pgen.1011178A natural bacterial pathogen of C. elegans uses a small RNA to induce transgenerational inheritance of learned avoidance.Titas SenguptaJonathan St AngeRachel KaletskyRebecca S MooreRenee J SetoJacob MarogiCameron MyhrvoldZemer GitaiColeen T MurphyC. elegans can learn to avoid pathogenic bacteria through several mechanisms, including bacterial small RNA-induced learned avoidance behavior, which can be inherited transgenerationally. Previously, we discovered that a small RNA from a clinical isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, PA14, induces learned avoidance and transgenerational inheritance of that avoidance in C. elegans. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important human pathogen, and there are other Pseudomonads in C. elegans' natural habitat, but it is unclear whether C. elegans ever encounters PA14-like bacteria in the wild. Thus, it is not known if small RNAs from bacteria found in C. elegans' natural habitat can also regulate host behavior and produce heritable behavioral effects. Here we screened a set of wild habitat bacteria, and found that a pathogenic Pseudomonas vranovensis strain isolated from the C. elegans microbiota, GRb0427, regulates worm behavior: worms learn to avoid this pathogenic bacterium following exposure, and this learned avoidance is inherited for four generations. The learned response is entirely mediated by bacterially-produced small RNAs, which induce avoidance and transgenerational inheritance, providing further support that such mechanisms of learning and inheritance exist in the wild. We identified Pv1, a small RNA expressed in P. vranovensis, that has a 16-nucleotide match to an exon of the C. elegans gene maco-1. Pv1 is both necessary and sufficient to induce learned avoidance of Grb0427. However, Pv1 also results in avoidance of a beneficial microbiome strain, P. mendocina. Our findings suggest that bacterial small RNA-mediated regulation of host behavior and its transgenerational inheritance may be functional in C. elegans' natural environment, and that this potentially maladaptive response may favor reversal of the transgenerational memory after a few generations. Our data also suggest that different bacterial small RNA-mediated regulation systems evolved independently, but define shared molecular features of bacterial small RNAs that produce transgenerationally-inherited effects.https://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1011178&type=printable
spellingShingle Titas Sengupta
Jonathan St Ange
Rachel Kaletsky
Rebecca S Moore
Renee J Seto
Jacob Marogi
Cameron Myhrvold
Zemer Gitai
Coleen T Murphy
A natural bacterial pathogen of C. elegans uses a small RNA to induce transgenerational inheritance of learned avoidance.
PLoS Genetics
title A natural bacterial pathogen of C. elegans uses a small RNA to induce transgenerational inheritance of learned avoidance.
title_full A natural bacterial pathogen of C. elegans uses a small RNA to induce transgenerational inheritance of learned avoidance.
title_fullStr A natural bacterial pathogen of C. elegans uses a small RNA to induce transgenerational inheritance of learned avoidance.
title_full_unstemmed A natural bacterial pathogen of C. elegans uses a small RNA to induce transgenerational inheritance of learned avoidance.
title_short A natural bacterial pathogen of C. elegans uses a small RNA to induce transgenerational inheritance of learned avoidance.
title_sort natural bacterial pathogen of c elegans uses a small rna to induce transgenerational inheritance of learned avoidance
url https://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1011178&type=printable
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