Triply periodic minimal surfaces for thermo-mechanical protection
Abstract Triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) metamaterials show promise for thermal management systems but are challenging to integrate into existing packaging with strict mechanical requirements. Composite TPMS lattices may offer more control over thermal and mechanical properties through materi...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85935-x |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1841544795491663872 |
|---|---|
| author | Samantha Cheung Jiyun Kang Yujui Lin Kenneth E. Goodson Mehdi Asheghi X. Wendy Gu |
| author_facet | Samantha Cheung Jiyun Kang Yujui Lin Kenneth E. Goodson Mehdi Asheghi X. Wendy Gu |
| author_sort | Samantha Cheung |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) metamaterials show promise for thermal management systems but are challenging to integrate into existing packaging with strict mechanical requirements. Composite TPMS lattices may offer more control over thermal and mechanical properties through material and geometric tuning. Here, we fabricate copper-plated, 3D-printed triply periodic minimal surface primitive lattices and evaluate their suitability for battery thermal management systems. We measure the effects of lattice geometry and copper thickness on pressure drop, mechanical properties, and thermal conductivity. The lattices as internal filling structures in a multichannel cold plate exhibited pressure drops under 6.5 kPa at a 1 LPM flow rate. Pressure drop decreased when the number of channels (width of the cold plate) was increased. With a 0.43% copper volume loading, the lattice more than tripled in thermal conductivity but still retained a polymer-like compliance. A higher lattice relative density did not affect the thermal conductivity but caused a higher elastic modulus and compressive strength, and a stiffer cyclic loading response. The lattice design demonstrates that the structural parameters that control pressure drop, mechanical, and thermal conductivity can be decoupled, which can be used to achieve a wide range of disparate properties in complex multiphysics systems. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0c698eb2c94049c988742bfc3702976d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-0c698eb2c94049c988742bfc3702976d2025-01-12T12:17:04ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-01-0115111410.1038/s41598-025-85935-xTriply periodic minimal surfaces for thermo-mechanical protectionSamantha Cheung0Jiyun Kang1Yujui Lin2Kenneth E. Goodson3Mehdi Asheghi4X. Wendy Gu5Mechanical Engineering, Stanford UniversityMechanical Engineering, Stanford UniversityMechanical Engineering, Stanford UniversityMechanical Engineering, Stanford UniversityMechanical Engineering, Stanford UniversityMechanical Engineering, Stanford UniversityAbstract Triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) metamaterials show promise for thermal management systems but are challenging to integrate into existing packaging with strict mechanical requirements. Composite TPMS lattices may offer more control over thermal and mechanical properties through material and geometric tuning. Here, we fabricate copper-plated, 3D-printed triply periodic minimal surface primitive lattices and evaluate their suitability for battery thermal management systems. We measure the effects of lattice geometry and copper thickness on pressure drop, mechanical properties, and thermal conductivity. The lattices as internal filling structures in a multichannel cold plate exhibited pressure drops under 6.5 kPa at a 1 LPM flow rate. Pressure drop decreased when the number of channels (width of the cold plate) was increased. With a 0.43% copper volume loading, the lattice more than tripled in thermal conductivity but still retained a polymer-like compliance. A higher lattice relative density did not affect the thermal conductivity but caused a higher elastic modulus and compressive strength, and a stiffer cyclic loading response. The lattice design demonstrates that the structural parameters that control pressure drop, mechanical, and thermal conductivity can be decoupled, which can be used to achieve a wide range of disparate properties in complex multiphysics systems.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85935-xTriply periodic minimal surfaceCompositePressure dropThermal conductivityBattery thermal management systems |
| spellingShingle | Samantha Cheung Jiyun Kang Yujui Lin Kenneth E. Goodson Mehdi Asheghi X. Wendy Gu Triply periodic minimal surfaces for thermo-mechanical protection Scientific Reports Triply periodic minimal surface Composite Pressure drop Thermal conductivity Battery thermal management systems |
| title | Triply periodic minimal surfaces for thermo-mechanical protection |
| title_full | Triply periodic minimal surfaces for thermo-mechanical protection |
| title_fullStr | Triply periodic minimal surfaces for thermo-mechanical protection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Triply periodic minimal surfaces for thermo-mechanical protection |
| title_short | Triply periodic minimal surfaces for thermo-mechanical protection |
| title_sort | triply periodic minimal surfaces for thermo mechanical protection |
| topic | Triply periodic minimal surface Composite Pressure drop Thermal conductivity Battery thermal management systems |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85935-x |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT samanthacheung triplyperiodicminimalsurfacesforthermomechanicalprotection AT jiyunkang triplyperiodicminimalsurfacesforthermomechanicalprotection AT yujuilin triplyperiodicminimalsurfacesforthermomechanicalprotection AT kennethegoodson triplyperiodicminimalsurfacesforthermomechanicalprotection AT mehdiasheghi triplyperiodicminimalsurfacesforthermomechanicalprotection AT xwendygu triplyperiodicminimalsurfacesforthermomechanicalprotection |