Three-Dimensional Dental Analysis in Subjects with Skeletal Malocclusion: A Retrospective Observational Study

<b>Background:</b> The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between skeletal class and dental dimensions analyzed through linear, surface area, and volumetric measurements. <b>Methods:</b> The sample consisted of 90 patients with an average age of 18 years (44 &g...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Rosanna Guarnieri, Francesca Squillace, Rachele Podda, Alfredo Salvatore Monterossi, Gabriella Galluccio, Roberto Di Giorgio, Ersilia Barbato
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Dentistry Journal
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6767/13/7/280
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849246535244578816
author Rosanna Guarnieri
Francesca Squillace
Rachele Podda
Alfredo Salvatore Monterossi
Gabriella Galluccio
Roberto Di Giorgio
Ersilia Barbato
author_facet Rosanna Guarnieri
Francesca Squillace
Rachele Podda
Alfredo Salvatore Monterossi
Gabriella Galluccio
Roberto Di Giorgio
Ersilia Barbato
author_sort Rosanna Guarnieri
collection DOAJ
description <b>Background:</b> The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between skeletal class and dental dimensions analyzed through linear, surface area, and volumetric measurements. <b>Methods:</b> The sample consisted of 90 patients with an average age of 18 years (44 > x > 12). The following tests were used to investigate any correlation between skeletal class and tooth size: Hoeffding’s test, Cramér’s V test, and analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Tukey’s post hoc HSD test and the logit model. The significance level was set at 0.050. <b>Results:</b> Cramér’s V test indicated a weak association between skeletal class (I, II, III) and total Bolton index (V = 0.167, <i>p</i> < 0.01). The ANOVA results showed that the total inferior volume and the anterior inferior volume were significantly greater (<i>p</i> = 0.012; <i>p</i> = 0.012) in skeletal class III (<i>p</i> = 0.012) than in the other two skeletal classes. The total upper surface area was significantly greater in patients with skeletal class III compared to those with classes II and I (<i>p</i> = 0.029). The anterior superior surface area was significantly greater in skeletal class III than in class II and I (<i>p</i> = 0.028). From the results of the logit analysis, it is possible to state that the third model is able to explain greater variability (21%) in terms of the distribution of results for the variables considered than the first (20%) and the second (14%). <b>Conclusions:</b> Class III skeletal malocclusions are characterized by increased tooth surface and volumetric dimensions compared to class I and class II.
format Article
id doaj-art-0c19a7006e314b6f94acc6c5b8c02c02
institution Kabale University
issn 2304-6767
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Dentistry Journal
spelling doaj-art-0c19a7006e314b6f94acc6c5b8c02c022025-08-20T03:58:27ZengMDPI AGDentistry Journal2304-67672025-06-0113728010.3390/dj13070280Three-Dimensional Dental Analysis in Subjects with Skeletal Malocclusion: A Retrospective Observational StudyRosanna Guarnieri0Francesca Squillace1Rachele Podda2Alfredo Salvatore Monterossi3Gabriella Galluccio4Roberto Di Giorgio5Ersilia Barbato6Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, ItalyPrivate Practice, 87036 Cosenza, ItalyDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy<b>Background:</b> The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between skeletal class and dental dimensions analyzed through linear, surface area, and volumetric measurements. <b>Methods:</b> The sample consisted of 90 patients with an average age of 18 years (44 > x > 12). The following tests were used to investigate any correlation between skeletal class and tooth size: Hoeffding’s test, Cramér’s V test, and analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Tukey’s post hoc HSD test and the logit model. The significance level was set at 0.050. <b>Results:</b> Cramér’s V test indicated a weak association between skeletal class (I, II, III) and total Bolton index (V = 0.167, <i>p</i> < 0.01). The ANOVA results showed that the total inferior volume and the anterior inferior volume were significantly greater (<i>p</i> = 0.012; <i>p</i> = 0.012) in skeletal class III (<i>p</i> = 0.012) than in the other two skeletal classes. The total upper surface area was significantly greater in patients with skeletal class III compared to those with classes II and I (<i>p</i> = 0.029). The anterior superior surface area was significantly greater in skeletal class III than in class II and I (<i>p</i> = 0.028). From the results of the logit analysis, it is possible to state that the third model is able to explain greater variability (21%) in terms of the distribution of results for the variables considered than the first (20%) and the second (14%). <b>Conclusions:</b> Class III skeletal malocclusions are characterized by increased tooth surface and volumetric dimensions compared to class I and class II.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6767/13/7/2803D modelsdental measurementsreliabilityBolton indexsagittal skeletal discrepanciesvolumetric analysis
spellingShingle Rosanna Guarnieri
Francesca Squillace
Rachele Podda
Alfredo Salvatore Monterossi
Gabriella Galluccio
Roberto Di Giorgio
Ersilia Barbato
Three-Dimensional Dental Analysis in Subjects with Skeletal Malocclusion: A Retrospective Observational Study
Dentistry Journal
3D models
dental measurements
reliability
Bolton index
sagittal skeletal discrepancies
volumetric analysis
title Three-Dimensional Dental Analysis in Subjects with Skeletal Malocclusion: A Retrospective Observational Study
title_full Three-Dimensional Dental Analysis in Subjects with Skeletal Malocclusion: A Retrospective Observational Study
title_fullStr Three-Dimensional Dental Analysis in Subjects with Skeletal Malocclusion: A Retrospective Observational Study
title_full_unstemmed Three-Dimensional Dental Analysis in Subjects with Skeletal Malocclusion: A Retrospective Observational Study
title_short Three-Dimensional Dental Analysis in Subjects with Skeletal Malocclusion: A Retrospective Observational Study
title_sort three dimensional dental analysis in subjects with skeletal malocclusion a retrospective observational study
topic 3D models
dental measurements
reliability
Bolton index
sagittal skeletal discrepancies
volumetric analysis
url https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6767/13/7/280
work_keys_str_mv AT rosannaguarnieri threedimensionaldentalanalysisinsubjectswithskeletalmalocclusionaretrospectiveobservationalstudy
AT francescasquillace threedimensionaldentalanalysisinsubjectswithskeletalmalocclusionaretrospectiveobservationalstudy
AT rachelepodda threedimensionaldentalanalysisinsubjectswithskeletalmalocclusionaretrospectiveobservationalstudy
AT alfredosalvatoremonterossi threedimensionaldentalanalysisinsubjectswithskeletalmalocclusionaretrospectiveobservationalstudy
AT gabriellagalluccio threedimensionaldentalanalysisinsubjectswithskeletalmalocclusionaretrospectiveobservationalstudy
AT robertodigiorgio threedimensionaldentalanalysisinsubjectswithskeletalmalocclusionaretrospectiveobservationalstudy
AT ersiliabarbato threedimensionaldentalanalysisinsubjectswithskeletalmalocclusionaretrospectiveobservationalstudy