Influence of therapeutic inorganic iodine on long-term prognosis of Graves’ disease: a multicenter prospective observational study
Inorganic iodine has long been used as a treatment for Graves’ disease. It is currently a treatment option for mild Graves’ disease, but there have been no data suggesting the validity of continuing low-dose iodine treatment after improvement in thyrotoxicosis. For this prospective observational stu...
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The Japan Endocrine Society
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Endocrine Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/endocrj/72/6/72_EJ24-0575/_html/-char/en |
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| author | Hiroki Takizawa Toyoyoshi Uchida Nami Suzuki Hiroyuki Onose Emiko Yamada Koshi Hashimoto Natsuko Watanabe Yuya Nishida Hirotaka Watada |
| author_facet | Hiroki Takizawa Toyoyoshi Uchida Nami Suzuki Hiroyuki Onose Emiko Yamada Koshi Hashimoto Natsuko Watanabe Yuya Nishida Hirotaka Watada |
| author_sort | Hiroki Takizawa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Inorganic iodine has long been used as a treatment for Graves’ disease. It is currently a treatment option for mild Graves’ disease, but there have been no data suggesting the validity of continuing low-dose iodine treatment after improvement in thyrotoxicosis. For this prospective observational study, we recruited patients with Graves’ disease treated only with low-dose iodine (potassium iodine ≤25 mg/day). These patients were then divided into two groups: those who continued with low-dose iodine (C group) and those who discontinued it (DC) group. We compared the 2-year thyrotoxicosis relapse rate between the two groups and investigated anthropometric variables associated with relapse. Of 2,159 patients on iodine treatment, 56 patients met the selection criteria but 4 who gave consent dropped out, leaving 25 in the C group and 27 in the DC group. Regarding baseline characteristics, the C group had a longer duration of Graves’ disease, lower therapeutic iodine doses, and lower TSH levels than the DC group. During the 2-year follow-up period, the relapse rate in the C and DC groups was 32.0% and 22.2%, respectively (p = 0.536). Furthermore, patients who relapsed had significantly higher therapeutic iodine doses, FT4 levels, and TSAb levels at baseline than patients who did not relapse. Multiple logistic regression showed that relapse is positively associated with therapeutic iodine dose and TSAb levels. The present study failed to show the efficacy of continuing low-dose iodine in patients with Graves’ disease after improvement in thyrotoxicosis. The relapse rate seems to be affected by residual immune activity. UMIN000047660 |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0bfe314df5c4441b9dc033fef576c0f1 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1348-4540 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | The Japan Endocrine Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Endocrine Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-0bfe314df5c4441b9dc033fef576c0f12025-08-20T03:55:27ZengThe Japan Endocrine SocietyEndocrine Journal1348-45402025-06-0172666367010.1507/endocrj.EJ24-0575endocrjInfluence of therapeutic inorganic iodine on long-term prognosis of Graves’ disease: a multicenter prospective observational studyHiroki Takizawa0Toyoyoshi Uchida1Nami Suzuki2Hiroyuki Onose3Emiko Yamada4Koshi Hashimoto5Natsuko Watanabe6Yuya Nishida7Hirotaka Watada8Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, JapanDepartment of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, JapanDepartment of Internal Medicine, Ito Hospital, Tokyo 150-8308, JapanKanaji Thyroid Hospital, Tokyo 114-0015, JapanKanaji Thyroid Hospital, Tokyo 114-0015, JapanDepartment of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Hematology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama 343-0845, JapanDepartment of Internal Medicine, Ito Hospital, Tokyo 150-8308, JapanDepartment of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, JapanDepartment of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, JapanInorganic iodine has long been used as a treatment for Graves’ disease. It is currently a treatment option for mild Graves’ disease, but there have been no data suggesting the validity of continuing low-dose iodine treatment after improvement in thyrotoxicosis. For this prospective observational study, we recruited patients with Graves’ disease treated only with low-dose iodine (potassium iodine ≤25 mg/day). These patients were then divided into two groups: those who continued with low-dose iodine (C group) and those who discontinued it (DC) group. We compared the 2-year thyrotoxicosis relapse rate between the two groups and investigated anthropometric variables associated with relapse. Of 2,159 patients on iodine treatment, 56 patients met the selection criteria but 4 who gave consent dropped out, leaving 25 in the C group and 27 in the DC group. Regarding baseline characteristics, the C group had a longer duration of Graves’ disease, lower therapeutic iodine doses, and lower TSH levels than the DC group. During the 2-year follow-up period, the relapse rate in the C and DC groups was 32.0% and 22.2%, respectively (p = 0.536). Furthermore, patients who relapsed had significantly higher therapeutic iodine doses, FT4 levels, and TSAb levels at baseline than patients who did not relapse. Multiple logistic regression showed that relapse is positively associated with therapeutic iodine dose and TSAb levels. The present study failed to show the efficacy of continuing low-dose iodine in patients with Graves’ disease after improvement in thyrotoxicosis. The relapse rate seems to be affected by residual immune activity. UMIN000047660https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/endocrj/72/6/72_EJ24-0575/_html/-char/engraves’ diseaseinorganic iodinerelapsethyrotropin receptor stimulating antibody |
| spellingShingle | Hiroki Takizawa Toyoyoshi Uchida Nami Suzuki Hiroyuki Onose Emiko Yamada Koshi Hashimoto Natsuko Watanabe Yuya Nishida Hirotaka Watada Influence of therapeutic inorganic iodine on long-term prognosis of Graves’ disease: a multicenter prospective observational study Endocrine Journal graves’ disease inorganic iodine relapse thyrotropin receptor stimulating antibody |
| title | Influence of therapeutic inorganic iodine on long-term prognosis of Graves’ disease: a multicenter prospective observational study |
| title_full | Influence of therapeutic inorganic iodine on long-term prognosis of Graves’ disease: a multicenter prospective observational study |
| title_fullStr | Influence of therapeutic inorganic iodine on long-term prognosis of Graves’ disease: a multicenter prospective observational study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of therapeutic inorganic iodine on long-term prognosis of Graves’ disease: a multicenter prospective observational study |
| title_short | Influence of therapeutic inorganic iodine on long-term prognosis of Graves’ disease: a multicenter prospective observational study |
| title_sort | influence of therapeutic inorganic iodine on long term prognosis of graves disease a multicenter prospective observational study |
| topic | graves’ disease inorganic iodine relapse thyrotropin receptor stimulating antibody |
| url | https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/endocrj/72/6/72_EJ24-0575/_html/-char/en |
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