Role of TiO2 nanomaterial in the treatment of polluted Cauvery River water in Tiruchirappalli district, Tamil Nadu, India

This study evaluates the water quality of the Cauvery River in Tiruchirappalli District, Tamil Nadu, India using advanced statistical analysis and nanotechnology-based remediation. Water samples were collected from 20 monitoring stations during the pre-monsoon period of 2021 and analyzed for key par...

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Main Authors: R. Arulnangai, K. Thirugnanasambandham, R. Ganesamoorthy, R. Gomathi, R. Parameswari
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-04-01
Series:Desalination and Water Treatment
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1944398625002322
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author R. Arulnangai
K. Thirugnanasambandham
R. Ganesamoorthy
R. Gomathi
R. Parameswari
author_facet R. Arulnangai
K. Thirugnanasambandham
R. Ganesamoorthy
R. Gomathi
R. Parameswari
author_sort R. Arulnangai
collection DOAJ
description This study evaluates the water quality of the Cauvery River in Tiruchirappalli District, Tamil Nadu, India using advanced statistical analysis and nanotechnology-based remediation. Water samples were collected from 20 monitoring stations during the pre-monsoon period of 2021 and analyzed for key parameters, including pH (7.2–8.9), electrical conductivity (1301–2833 µS/cm), total dissolved solids (1063–2116 mg/L), biological oxygen demand (16–24 mg/L), and chemical oxygen demand (18–33 mg/L). Several stations recorded BOD and COD values exceeding the permissible limits of 3 mg/L and 10 mg/L, respectively, indicating severe pollution from agricultural runoff and industrial discharge. Principal component analysis (PCA) and factor analysis (FA) are identified nitrates, phosphates, and dissolved solids as major contaminants. TiO₂ nanoparticles were applied for photocatalytic remediation, resulting in significant reductions in EC (32 %), TDS (40 %), BOD (60 %), and COD (55 %), alongside a 45 % increase in dissolved oxygen (DO). This novel integration of nanotechnology and statistical analysis offers a sustainable and effective solution for enhancing freshwater quality and guiding future pollution management strategies.
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publisher Elsevier
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series Desalination and Water Treatment
spelling doaj-art-0bfc201c07ba49b388f424ebcd1d05fb2025-08-20T02:32:23ZengElsevierDesalination and Water Treatment1944-39862025-04-0132210121610.1016/j.dwt.2025.101216Role of TiO2 nanomaterial in the treatment of polluted Cauvery River water in Tiruchirappalli district, Tamil Nadu, IndiaR. Arulnangai0K. Thirugnanasambandham1R. Ganesamoorthy2R. Gomathi3R. Parameswari4Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Jamal Mohamed College (Autonomous), Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu 620 020, IndiaNammazhvar Organic Farming Research centre,Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Lawley Road, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641003, IndiaDepartment of Chemistry, Vinayaka Mission’s Kirupananda Variyar Arts and Science College, Vinayaka Mission’s Research Foundation (DU), Salem, Tamil Nadu 636308, India; Corresponding author.Department of Physics, Allied Health Sciences, AMRI, Dr. M. G. R. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600077, IndiaDepartment of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkkadu, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632115, IndiaThis study evaluates the water quality of the Cauvery River in Tiruchirappalli District, Tamil Nadu, India using advanced statistical analysis and nanotechnology-based remediation. Water samples were collected from 20 monitoring stations during the pre-monsoon period of 2021 and analyzed for key parameters, including pH (7.2–8.9), electrical conductivity (1301–2833 µS/cm), total dissolved solids (1063–2116 mg/L), biological oxygen demand (16–24 mg/L), and chemical oxygen demand (18–33 mg/L). Several stations recorded BOD and COD values exceeding the permissible limits of 3 mg/L and 10 mg/L, respectively, indicating severe pollution from agricultural runoff and industrial discharge. Principal component analysis (PCA) and factor analysis (FA) are identified nitrates, phosphates, and dissolved solids as major contaminants. TiO₂ nanoparticles were applied for photocatalytic remediation, resulting in significant reductions in EC (32 %), TDS (40 %), BOD (60 %), and COD (55 %), alongside a 45 % increase in dissolved oxygen (DO). This novel integration of nanotechnology and statistical analysis offers a sustainable and effective solution for enhancing freshwater quality and guiding future pollution management strategies.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1944398625002322Tiruchirappalli DistrictCauvery River waterPhysico-chemical parametersCorrelation analysisNanoparticlesPhoto catalytic remediation
spellingShingle R. Arulnangai
K. Thirugnanasambandham
R. Ganesamoorthy
R. Gomathi
R. Parameswari
Role of TiO2 nanomaterial in the treatment of polluted Cauvery River water in Tiruchirappalli district, Tamil Nadu, India
Desalination and Water Treatment
Tiruchirappalli District
Cauvery River water
Physico-chemical parameters
Correlation analysis
Nanoparticles
Photo catalytic remediation
title Role of TiO2 nanomaterial in the treatment of polluted Cauvery River water in Tiruchirappalli district, Tamil Nadu, India
title_full Role of TiO2 nanomaterial in the treatment of polluted Cauvery River water in Tiruchirappalli district, Tamil Nadu, India
title_fullStr Role of TiO2 nanomaterial in the treatment of polluted Cauvery River water in Tiruchirappalli district, Tamil Nadu, India
title_full_unstemmed Role of TiO2 nanomaterial in the treatment of polluted Cauvery River water in Tiruchirappalli district, Tamil Nadu, India
title_short Role of TiO2 nanomaterial in the treatment of polluted Cauvery River water in Tiruchirappalli district, Tamil Nadu, India
title_sort role of tio2 nanomaterial in the treatment of polluted cauvery river water in tiruchirappalli district tamil nadu india
topic Tiruchirappalli District
Cauvery River water
Physico-chemical parameters
Correlation analysis
Nanoparticles
Photo catalytic remediation
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1944398625002322
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