A rare case of necrotizing fasciitis of the leg in an intravenous drug user caused by Prevotella denticola

Background Intravenous drug users (IDUs) have a high risk of developing skin and soft tissue infections such as erysipelas, abscesses, and less frequently necrotizing fasciitis (NF) or gas gangrene. Rarely, the cause of the infection is microorganisms residing in the oral cavity and can lead to life...

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Main Authors: Andrea Bedini, Filippo Medioli, Altea Gallerani, Irene Venturelli, Giacomo Franceschi, Marianna Meschiari, Erica Franceschini, Giacomo Maria Lima, Mario Sarti, Cristina Mussini
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2024-12-01
Series:Journal of Oral Microbiology
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Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/20002297.2024.2334545
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author Andrea Bedini
Filippo Medioli
Altea Gallerani
Irene Venturelli
Giacomo Franceschi
Marianna Meschiari
Erica Franceschini
Giacomo Maria Lima
Mario Sarti
Cristina Mussini
author_facet Andrea Bedini
Filippo Medioli
Altea Gallerani
Irene Venturelli
Giacomo Franceschi
Marianna Meschiari
Erica Franceschini
Giacomo Maria Lima
Mario Sarti
Cristina Mussini
author_sort Andrea Bedini
collection DOAJ
description Background Intravenous drug users (IDUs) have a high risk of developing skin and soft tissue infections such as erysipelas, abscesses, and less frequently necrotizing fasciitis (NF) or gas gangrene. Rarely, the cause of the infection is microorganisms residing in the oral cavity and can lead to life-threatening infections.Methods We describe the case of a 43-year-old man intravenous drug user (IDU) who was admitted for intense leg pain following an injection of cocaine at that site.Results A clinical and radiological diagnosis of NF was made, so the patient was started on empirical antibiotic therapy and underwent surgical fasciotomy (after 8 hours from admission). Prevotella denticola was isolated from multiple intraoperative specimens and was resistant to initial antimicrobial therapy. The man, suffering from periodontal disease, reported sucking the syringe several times to unblock it. Both fasciotomy surgery and adjustment of antimicrobial therapy enabled therapeutic success.Conclusions In IDUs the risk of deep skin and soft tissue infections is high and may be aggravated by contamination with oral microorganisms. The choice of empirical antibiotic treatment should include agents active against oral cavity anaerobes, such as P. denticola.
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spelling doaj-art-0be036fe3ed54584a08d3498e08de0572025-08-20T02:48:11ZengTaylor & Francis GroupJournal of Oral Microbiology2000-22972024-12-0116110.1080/20002297.2024.2334545A rare case of necrotizing fasciitis of the leg in an intravenous drug user caused by Prevotella denticolaAndrea Bedini0Filippo Medioli1Altea Gallerani2Irene Venturelli3Giacomo Franceschi4Marianna Meschiari5Erica Franceschini6Giacomo Maria Lima7Mario Sarti8Cristina Mussini9Infectious Diseases Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Modena, Modena, ItalyInfectious Diseases Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Modena, Modena, ItalyInfectious Diseases Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Modena, Modena, ItalyClinical Microbiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Modena, Modena, ItalyInfectious Diseases Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Modena, Modena, ItalyInfectious Diseases Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Modena, Modena, ItalyInfectious Diseases Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Modena, Modena, ItalyNuclear Medicine Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Modena, Modena, ItalyClinical Microbiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Modena, Modena, ItalyInfectious Diseases Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Modena, Modena, ItalyBackground Intravenous drug users (IDUs) have a high risk of developing skin and soft tissue infections such as erysipelas, abscesses, and less frequently necrotizing fasciitis (NF) or gas gangrene. Rarely, the cause of the infection is microorganisms residing in the oral cavity and can lead to life-threatening infections.Methods We describe the case of a 43-year-old man intravenous drug user (IDU) who was admitted for intense leg pain following an injection of cocaine at that site.Results A clinical and radiological diagnosis of NF was made, so the patient was started on empirical antibiotic therapy and underwent surgical fasciotomy (after 8 hours from admission). Prevotella denticola was isolated from multiple intraoperative specimens and was resistant to initial antimicrobial therapy. The man, suffering from periodontal disease, reported sucking the syringe several times to unblock it. Both fasciotomy surgery and adjustment of antimicrobial therapy enabled therapeutic success.Conclusions In IDUs the risk of deep skin and soft tissue infections is high and may be aggravated by contamination with oral microorganisms. The choice of empirical antibiotic treatment should include agents active against oral cavity anaerobes, such as P. denticola.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/20002297.2024.2334545ABSSSIsanaerobesLRINEC Scoreintravenous drug userskin infectionsabscesses
spellingShingle Andrea Bedini
Filippo Medioli
Altea Gallerani
Irene Venturelli
Giacomo Franceschi
Marianna Meschiari
Erica Franceschini
Giacomo Maria Lima
Mario Sarti
Cristina Mussini
A rare case of necrotizing fasciitis of the leg in an intravenous drug user caused by Prevotella denticola
Journal of Oral Microbiology
ABSSSIs
anaerobes
LRINEC Score
intravenous drug user
skin infections
abscesses
title A rare case of necrotizing fasciitis of the leg in an intravenous drug user caused by Prevotella denticola
title_full A rare case of necrotizing fasciitis of the leg in an intravenous drug user caused by Prevotella denticola
title_fullStr A rare case of necrotizing fasciitis of the leg in an intravenous drug user caused by Prevotella denticola
title_full_unstemmed A rare case of necrotizing fasciitis of the leg in an intravenous drug user caused by Prevotella denticola
title_short A rare case of necrotizing fasciitis of the leg in an intravenous drug user caused by Prevotella denticola
title_sort rare case of necrotizing fasciitis of the leg in an intravenous drug user caused by prevotella denticola
topic ABSSSIs
anaerobes
LRINEC Score
intravenous drug user
skin infections
abscesses
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/20002297.2024.2334545
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