Linking PM Pollution to the Respiratory Health of Children: A Cross-sectional Study from Ahmedabad City in Western India
Abstract Worldwide research on public health suggests that air pollution (AP) has deleterious human health impacts. Children living in developing countries suffer a double burden of respiratory diseases. The present study aims to find out the risk of short-term exposure to PM2.5 on respiratory admis...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Aerosol and Air Quality Research |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.220038 |
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| author | Khyati M. Kakkad Chirantap Oza Priya Dutta Varsha Chorsiya Prashant Rajput |
| author_facet | Khyati M. Kakkad Chirantap Oza Priya Dutta Varsha Chorsiya Prashant Rajput |
| author_sort | Khyati M. Kakkad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Worldwide research on public health suggests that air pollution (AP) has deleterious human health impacts. Children living in developing countries suffer a double burden of respiratory diseases. The present study aims to find out the risk of short-term exposure to PM2.5 on respiratory admissions of children under 6 from Ahmedabad city in western India. A cross-section observational study of all patients, under 6, with respiratory illnesses admitted in the Pediatric ward from 1st November 2017‒31st December 2018 at a tertiary care hospital in Ahmedabad has been conducted to decipher the seasonal impact of PM2.5 on respiratory admissions. During the study period, respiratory illnesses accounted for 21.2% of the total admissions−60.6% were male, 48.4% were of infant age, 60.1% of the patients were suffering from wheezing disorders while 39.9% had infective disorders. The relative risk (RR) and the number of attributable cases per 100,000 children population at risk were estimated due to short-term exposure to PM2.5 for different seasons in Ahmedabad city applying a log-linear integrated exposure-response function in WHO/Europe’s AirQ+ tool using national census-2011 city-level population of children and United Nation’s annual growth-rate, baseline incidence, PM2.5 pollution profile, WHO’s updated counterfactual value for short-term PM2.5 exposure (= 15 µg m−3). Accordingly, the RR for the number of respiratory admissions of children due to ambient levels of PM2.5 in winter was 1.16 (95% CI: 1.09–1.23), in summer was 1.15 (95% CI: 1.09–1.21), in monsoon was 1.08 (95% CI: 1.03–1.13) and in post-monsoon was 1.15 (95% CI: 1.07–1.23). The number of attributable cases (along with confidence interval: CI), per 100,000 population of children under 6 at risk, was 45 (95% CI: 21‒68) in winter, 41 (95% CI: 19‒63) in summer, 25 (95% CI: 11‒39) in monsoon, and 42 (95% CI: 18‒66) in the post-monsoon season. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0bda00e121dd44a1abf642540819ec02 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1680-8584 2071-1409 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | Springer |
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| series | Aerosol and Air Quality Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-0bda00e121dd44a1abf642540819ec022025-02-09T12:17:20ZengSpringerAerosol and Air Quality Research1680-85842071-14092022-04-0122611210.4209/aaqr.220038Linking PM Pollution to the Respiratory Health of Children: A Cross-sectional Study from Ahmedabad City in Western IndiaKhyati M. Kakkad0Chirantap Oza1Priya Dutta2Varsha Chorsiya3Prashant Rajput4A.M.C Medical Education Trust Medical College and LG hospitalA.M.C Medical Education Trust Medical College and LG hospitalIndian Institute of Public HealthSchool of Physiotherapy, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research UniversityCentre for Environmental Health, Public Health Foundation of IndiaAbstract Worldwide research on public health suggests that air pollution (AP) has deleterious human health impacts. Children living in developing countries suffer a double burden of respiratory diseases. The present study aims to find out the risk of short-term exposure to PM2.5 on respiratory admissions of children under 6 from Ahmedabad city in western India. A cross-section observational study of all patients, under 6, with respiratory illnesses admitted in the Pediatric ward from 1st November 2017‒31st December 2018 at a tertiary care hospital in Ahmedabad has been conducted to decipher the seasonal impact of PM2.5 on respiratory admissions. During the study period, respiratory illnesses accounted for 21.2% of the total admissions−60.6% were male, 48.4% were of infant age, 60.1% of the patients were suffering from wheezing disorders while 39.9% had infective disorders. The relative risk (RR) and the number of attributable cases per 100,000 children population at risk were estimated due to short-term exposure to PM2.5 for different seasons in Ahmedabad city applying a log-linear integrated exposure-response function in WHO/Europe’s AirQ+ tool using national census-2011 city-level population of children and United Nation’s annual growth-rate, baseline incidence, PM2.5 pollution profile, WHO’s updated counterfactual value for short-term PM2.5 exposure (= 15 µg m−3). Accordingly, the RR for the number of respiratory admissions of children due to ambient levels of PM2.5 in winter was 1.16 (95% CI: 1.09–1.23), in summer was 1.15 (95% CI: 1.09–1.21), in monsoon was 1.08 (95% CI: 1.03–1.13) and in post-monsoon was 1.15 (95% CI: 1.07–1.23). The number of attributable cases (along with confidence interval: CI), per 100,000 population of children under 6 at risk, was 45 (95% CI: 21‒68) in winter, 41 (95% CI: 19‒63) in summer, 25 (95% CI: 11‒39) in monsoon, and 42 (95% CI: 18‒66) in the post-monsoon season.https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.220038Air pollutionPM2.5AirQ+Respiratory admissionsIndia |
| spellingShingle | Khyati M. Kakkad Chirantap Oza Priya Dutta Varsha Chorsiya Prashant Rajput Linking PM Pollution to the Respiratory Health of Children: A Cross-sectional Study from Ahmedabad City in Western India Aerosol and Air Quality Research Air pollution PM2.5 AirQ+ Respiratory admissions India |
| title | Linking PM Pollution to the Respiratory Health of Children: A Cross-sectional Study from Ahmedabad City in Western India |
| title_full | Linking PM Pollution to the Respiratory Health of Children: A Cross-sectional Study from Ahmedabad City in Western India |
| title_fullStr | Linking PM Pollution to the Respiratory Health of Children: A Cross-sectional Study from Ahmedabad City in Western India |
| title_full_unstemmed | Linking PM Pollution to the Respiratory Health of Children: A Cross-sectional Study from Ahmedabad City in Western India |
| title_short | Linking PM Pollution to the Respiratory Health of Children: A Cross-sectional Study from Ahmedabad City in Western India |
| title_sort | linking pm pollution to the respiratory health of children a cross sectional study from ahmedabad city in western india |
| topic | Air pollution PM2.5 AirQ+ Respiratory admissions India |
| url | https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.220038 |
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