Patterns of body mass index and multiple non-communicable disease risk behaviours among students in universities in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

Abstract Background Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are chronic diseases of a non-infectious nature that result in unfortunate outcomes such as reduction in quality of life, morbidity, and mortality. Some of the main risk factors associated with NCDs are unhealthy behaviours learned and established...

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Main Authors: Chiagoziem Ogazirilem Emerole, Salome Nkechinyere Onyeka Ibe, Eunice Anyalewechi Nwoke, Joakin Chidozie Nwaokoro, Chidera Chisom Obasi, Chioma Gloria Emerole, Precious Chinasa Okwu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer 2025-04-01
Series:Discover Public Health
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12982-025-00548-z
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author Chiagoziem Ogazirilem Emerole
Salome Nkechinyere Onyeka Ibe
Eunice Anyalewechi Nwoke
Joakin Chidozie Nwaokoro
Chidera Chisom Obasi
Chioma Gloria Emerole
Precious Chinasa Okwu
author_facet Chiagoziem Ogazirilem Emerole
Salome Nkechinyere Onyeka Ibe
Eunice Anyalewechi Nwoke
Joakin Chidozie Nwaokoro
Chidera Chisom Obasi
Chioma Gloria Emerole
Precious Chinasa Okwu
author_sort Chiagoziem Ogazirilem Emerole
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are chronic diseases of a non-infectious nature that result in unfortunate outcomes such as reduction in quality of life, morbidity, and mortality. Some of the main risk factors associated with NCDs are unhealthy behaviours learned and established at a young age. These include harmful use of alcohol, tobacco use, sedentary lifestyles, and unhealthy diets. This study aims to determine prevailing NCD risk behaviours among university students and their patterns of Body Mass Index (BMI). Methods This was a cross-sectional study among university students attending Imo State University and Federal University of Technology Owerri. Participants were recruited using a systematic multistage sampling method. Data was collected structured questionnaires adapted from the WHO’s STEPS survey. Analysis was conducted with SPSS software at a 0.05 level of significance. Results Findings show that students exhibited notable prevalence rates of these behaviours, with 70.9% reporting regular alcohol consumption, no smoking reported, 63.7% engaged in physical activity, and 100% consuming some level of junk food. There were statistically significant associations between the students' socio-demographic characteristics and certain behavioural risk factors (p < 0.05). Conclusions This study identified key patterns of NCD risk behaviours among university students in Owerri, Nigeria. Findings show high rates of alcohol consumption, unhealthy dietary habits with frequent junk food intake, and a significant prevalence of sedentary behaviour. Physical activity levels were generally low, and BMI results revealed many students were overweight or obese, which increases their risk of NCDs.
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spelling doaj-art-0bd48073ce1c47c790ac69b373e341132025-08-20T03:06:48ZengSpringerDiscover Public Health3005-07742025-04-0122111310.1186/s12982-025-00548-zPatterns of body mass index and multiple non-communicable disease risk behaviours among students in universities in Owerri, Imo State, NigeriaChiagoziem Ogazirilem Emerole0Salome Nkechinyere Onyeka Ibe1Eunice Anyalewechi Nwoke2Joakin Chidozie Nwaokoro3Chidera Chisom Obasi4Chioma Gloria Emerole5Precious Chinasa Okwu6Public Health Department, Federal University of Technology OwerriPublic Health Department, Federal University of Technology OwerriPublic Health Department, Federal University of Technology OwerriPublic Health Department, Federal University of Technology OwerriPublic Health Department, Federal University of Technology OwerriHuman Physiology Department, Claretian University of NigeriaPublic Health Department, Federal University of Technology OwerriAbstract Background Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are chronic diseases of a non-infectious nature that result in unfortunate outcomes such as reduction in quality of life, morbidity, and mortality. Some of the main risk factors associated with NCDs are unhealthy behaviours learned and established at a young age. These include harmful use of alcohol, tobacco use, sedentary lifestyles, and unhealthy diets. This study aims to determine prevailing NCD risk behaviours among university students and their patterns of Body Mass Index (BMI). Methods This was a cross-sectional study among university students attending Imo State University and Federal University of Technology Owerri. Participants were recruited using a systematic multistage sampling method. Data was collected structured questionnaires adapted from the WHO’s STEPS survey. Analysis was conducted with SPSS software at a 0.05 level of significance. Results Findings show that students exhibited notable prevalence rates of these behaviours, with 70.9% reporting regular alcohol consumption, no smoking reported, 63.7% engaged in physical activity, and 100% consuming some level of junk food. There were statistically significant associations between the students' socio-demographic characteristics and certain behavioural risk factors (p < 0.05). Conclusions This study identified key patterns of NCD risk behaviours among university students in Owerri, Nigeria. Findings show high rates of alcohol consumption, unhealthy dietary habits with frequent junk food intake, and a significant prevalence of sedentary behaviour. Physical activity levels were generally low, and BMI results revealed many students were overweight or obese, which increases their risk of NCDs.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12982-025-00548-zBMINCDPrevalenceHealth risk behaviours
spellingShingle Chiagoziem Ogazirilem Emerole
Salome Nkechinyere Onyeka Ibe
Eunice Anyalewechi Nwoke
Joakin Chidozie Nwaokoro
Chidera Chisom Obasi
Chioma Gloria Emerole
Precious Chinasa Okwu
Patterns of body mass index and multiple non-communicable disease risk behaviours among students in universities in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
Discover Public Health
BMI
NCD
Prevalence
Health risk behaviours
title Patterns of body mass index and multiple non-communicable disease risk behaviours among students in universities in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
title_full Patterns of body mass index and multiple non-communicable disease risk behaviours among students in universities in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
title_fullStr Patterns of body mass index and multiple non-communicable disease risk behaviours among students in universities in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
title_full_unstemmed Patterns of body mass index and multiple non-communicable disease risk behaviours among students in universities in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
title_short Patterns of body mass index and multiple non-communicable disease risk behaviours among students in universities in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
title_sort patterns of body mass index and multiple non communicable disease risk behaviours among students in universities in owerri imo state nigeria
topic BMI
NCD
Prevalence
Health risk behaviours
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12982-025-00548-z
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