Hematology and clinical biochemistry reference intervals for companion pigs using the ADVIA 2120 and Cobas c501

Background The majority of published reference intervals for hematology and clinical biochemistry in pigs are generated from a sample group that is demographically different from companion pigs, and as such may not be transferable. The goals of this study were to provide reference intervals generate...

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Main Authors: Deanna M. W. Schaefer, Ricardo Videla, Joe S. Smith, Pierre-Yves Mulon, Bente Flatland, Xiaojuan Zhu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: PeerJ Inc. 2025-02-01
Series:PeerJ
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Online Access:https://peerj.com/articles/18968.pdf
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author Deanna M. W. Schaefer
Ricardo Videla
Joe S. Smith
Pierre-Yves Mulon
Bente Flatland
Xiaojuan Zhu
author_facet Deanna M. W. Schaefer
Ricardo Videla
Joe S. Smith
Pierre-Yves Mulon
Bente Flatland
Xiaojuan Zhu
author_sort Deanna M. W. Schaefer
collection DOAJ
description Background The majority of published reference intervals for hematology and clinical biochemistry in pigs are generated from a sample group that is demographically different from companion pigs, and as such may not be transferable. The goals of this study were to provide reference intervals generated from sexually mature companion pigs and to compare results based on age group, breed, and reproductive status. Reference intervals are ideally generated in the same laboratory in which patient samples are measured, since there is often bias in values generated from different instruments, but the cost and time commitment required to produce reference intervals may be prohibitive. If so, published reference intervals may be used cautiously as guidelines for interpretation. Methods Complete blood count (CBC) and plasma biochemistry data were generated using the ADVIA 2120 hematology analyzer and Cobas c501 chemistry analyzer on blood samples collected from 94 sexually mature, clinically healthy companion pigs housed mostly in eastern Tennessee over a 5-year period. The majority (90/94) of samples were collected after sedation or general anesthesia. The age range of the reference sample group was 5 months to 11 years, including <1-year-old (n = 26), 1–2 years old (n = 26), and >2-years-old (n = 42). Reproductive status included intact females (n = 46), spayed females (n = 9), intact males (n = 15), and castrated males (n = 24). Breeds were predominantly Vietnamese potbellied mini pigs, American mini pigs, and mixed breed pigs. Results Reference intervals are provided for routine CBC and plasma biochemistry values. The <1-year-old pigs were excluded from reference interval calculation for some values because their results were significantly different from pigs >1-year-old. These included red blood cell concentration, mean cell volume, mean cell hemoglobin, platelet count, mean platelet volume, lymphocyte concentrations by both automated and manual methods, and total protein by refractometry. Few significant differences were observed based on breed or reproductive status. Discussion Age, breed, and reproductive status can affect some hematology and biochemistry results in companion pigs. If companion pig reference intervals are not available from the laboratory in which patient samples are measured, these published reference intervals may provide guidance for interpretation, although some methodologic variances are likely.
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spelling doaj-art-0bd2bb7822ea4a27be89590d3c56ceca2025-08-20T03:12:42ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592025-02-0113e1896810.7717/peerj.18968Hematology and clinical biochemistry reference intervals for companion pigs using the ADVIA 2120 and Cobas c501Deanna M. W. Schaefer0Ricardo Videla1Joe S. Smith2Pierre-Yves Mulon3Bente Flatland4Xiaojuan Zhu5Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United StatesDepartment of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United StatesDepartment of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United StatesDepartment of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United StatesDepartment of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United StatesResearch Computing Support, University of Tennessee Office of Innovative Technologies, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United StatesBackground The majority of published reference intervals for hematology and clinical biochemistry in pigs are generated from a sample group that is demographically different from companion pigs, and as such may not be transferable. The goals of this study were to provide reference intervals generated from sexually mature companion pigs and to compare results based on age group, breed, and reproductive status. Reference intervals are ideally generated in the same laboratory in which patient samples are measured, since there is often bias in values generated from different instruments, but the cost and time commitment required to produce reference intervals may be prohibitive. If so, published reference intervals may be used cautiously as guidelines for interpretation. Methods Complete blood count (CBC) and plasma biochemistry data were generated using the ADVIA 2120 hematology analyzer and Cobas c501 chemistry analyzer on blood samples collected from 94 sexually mature, clinically healthy companion pigs housed mostly in eastern Tennessee over a 5-year period. The majority (90/94) of samples were collected after sedation or general anesthesia. The age range of the reference sample group was 5 months to 11 years, including <1-year-old (n = 26), 1–2 years old (n = 26), and >2-years-old (n = 42). Reproductive status included intact females (n = 46), spayed females (n = 9), intact males (n = 15), and castrated males (n = 24). Breeds were predominantly Vietnamese potbellied mini pigs, American mini pigs, and mixed breed pigs. Results Reference intervals are provided for routine CBC and plasma biochemistry values. The <1-year-old pigs were excluded from reference interval calculation for some values because their results were significantly different from pigs >1-year-old. These included red blood cell concentration, mean cell volume, mean cell hemoglobin, platelet count, mean platelet volume, lymphocyte concentrations by both automated and manual methods, and total protein by refractometry. Few significant differences were observed based on breed or reproductive status. Discussion Age, breed, and reproductive status can affect some hematology and biochemistry results in companion pigs. If companion pig reference intervals are not available from the laboratory in which patient samples are measured, these published reference intervals may provide guidance for interpretation, although some methodologic variances are likely.https://peerj.com/articles/18968.pdfHematologyClinical chemistryPigReference intervals
spellingShingle Deanna M. W. Schaefer
Ricardo Videla
Joe S. Smith
Pierre-Yves Mulon
Bente Flatland
Xiaojuan Zhu
Hematology and clinical biochemistry reference intervals for companion pigs using the ADVIA 2120 and Cobas c501
PeerJ
Hematology
Clinical chemistry
Pig
Reference intervals
title Hematology and clinical biochemistry reference intervals for companion pigs using the ADVIA 2120 and Cobas c501
title_full Hematology and clinical biochemistry reference intervals for companion pigs using the ADVIA 2120 and Cobas c501
title_fullStr Hematology and clinical biochemistry reference intervals for companion pigs using the ADVIA 2120 and Cobas c501
title_full_unstemmed Hematology and clinical biochemistry reference intervals for companion pigs using the ADVIA 2120 and Cobas c501
title_short Hematology and clinical biochemistry reference intervals for companion pigs using the ADVIA 2120 and Cobas c501
title_sort hematology and clinical biochemistry reference intervals for companion pigs using the advia 2120 and cobas c501
topic Hematology
Clinical chemistry
Pig
Reference intervals
url https://peerj.com/articles/18968.pdf
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