Reconstruction of tritium amount and depth profile in PFMs for fusion reactor using MLEM and BIXS spectra

The maximum likelihood expectation maximization (MLEM) algorithm has been introduced as a robust solution to address the challenges associated with the high condition number of response matrix encountered in the beta ray induced x-ray spectra (BIXS) technique, specifically for the quantitative recon...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Minxiang Shu, Zhilin Chen, Yang Yang, Po Huang, Wenxiang Jiang, Shenghan Cheng, Yu Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IOP Publishing 2025-01-01
Series:Nuclear Fusion
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/addad8
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849716597289123840
author Minxiang Shu
Zhilin Chen
Yang Yang
Po Huang
Wenxiang Jiang
Shenghan Cheng
Yu Li
author_facet Minxiang Shu
Zhilin Chen
Yang Yang
Po Huang
Wenxiang Jiang
Shenghan Cheng
Yu Li
author_sort Minxiang Shu
collection DOAJ
description The maximum likelihood expectation maximization (MLEM) algorithm has been introduced as a robust solution to address the challenges associated with the high condition number of response matrix encountered in the beta ray induced x-ray spectra (BIXS) technique, specifically for the quantitative reconstruction of tritium amount and depth profiles within plasma facing materials (PFMs) in a fusion reactor. Results suggest that the MLEM algorithm demonstrates rapid convergence properties in the reconstruction process. The reconstruction error for tritium amount in tungsten with typical tritium distributions can be as low as 0.1% after 10 ^5 -iterations, and the maximum reconstruction error observed in the depth distribution for a single layer consistently remains below 10%. While the reconstruction error for each layer after including the tritium activity as weighted factor is consistently less than 0.5%. Consequently, utilizing MLEM and BIXS techniques, the quantitative determination of tritium within PFMs can be achieved non-destructively, and it is also independent of prior knowledge regarding the tritium amount within the materials. This approach holds significant promise for the assessment of tritium retention, diffusion behavior and the development of tritium removal strategies.
format Article
id doaj-art-0bcc678e9eaa415eb8e4d1715ab3a169
institution DOAJ
issn 0029-5515
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher IOP Publishing
record_format Article
series Nuclear Fusion
spelling doaj-art-0bcc678e9eaa415eb8e4d1715ab3a1692025-08-20T03:12:57ZengIOP PublishingNuclear Fusion0029-55152025-01-0165707600410.1088/1741-4326/addad8Reconstruction of tritium amount and depth profile in PFMs for fusion reactor using MLEM and BIXS spectraMinxiang Shu0Zhilin Chen1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1342-8255Yang Yang2Po Huang3Wenxiang Jiang4Shenghan Cheng5Yu Li6Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics , Mianyang City, Sichuan 621900, ChinaInstitute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics , Mianyang City, Sichuan 621900, ChinaInstitute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics , Mianyang City, Sichuan 621900, ChinaInstitute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics , Mianyang City, Sichuan 621900, ChinaInstitute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics , Mianyang City, Sichuan 621900, ChinaInstitute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics , Mianyang City, Sichuan 621900, ChinaInstitute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics , Mianyang City, Sichuan 621900, ChinaThe maximum likelihood expectation maximization (MLEM) algorithm has been introduced as a robust solution to address the challenges associated with the high condition number of response matrix encountered in the beta ray induced x-ray spectra (BIXS) technique, specifically for the quantitative reconstruction of tritium amount and depth profiles within plasma facing materials (PFMs) in a fusion reactor. Results suggest that the MLEM algorithm demonstrates rapid convergence properties in the reconstruction process. The reconstruction error for tritium amount in tungsten with typical tritium distributions can be as low as 0.1% after 10 ^5 -iterations, and the maximum reconstruction error observed in the depth distribution for a single layer consistently remains below 10%. While the reconstruction error for each layer after including the tritium activity as weighted factor is consistently less than 0.5%. Consequently, utilizing MLEM and BIXS techniques, the quantitative determination of tritium within PFMs can be achieved non-destructively, and it is also independent of prior knowledge regarding the tritium amount within the materials. This approach holds significant promise for the assessment of tritium retention, diffusion behavior and the development of tritium removal strategies.https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/addad8fusiontritiumtritium retentionBIXS
spellingShingle Minxiang Shu
Zhilin Chen
Yang Yang
Po Huang
Wenxiang Jiang
Shenghan Cheng
Yu Li
Reconstruction of tritium amount and depth profile in PFMs for fusion reactor using MLEM and BIXS spectra
Nuclear Fusion
fusion
tritium
tritium retention
BIXS
title Reconstruction of tritium amount and depth profile in PFMs for fusion reactor using MLEM and BIXS spectra
title_full Reconstruction of tritium amount and depth profile in PFMs for fusion reactor using MLEM and BIXS spectra
title_fullStr Reconstruction of tritium amount and depth profile in PFMs for fusion reactor using MLEM and BIXS spectra
title_full_unstemmed Reconstruction of tritium amount and depth profile in PFMs for fusion reactor using MLEM and BIXS spectra
title_short Reconstruction of tritium amount and depth profile in PFMs for fusion reactor using MLEM and BIXS spectra
title_sort reconstruction of tritium amount and depth profile in pfms for fusion reactor using mlem and bixs spectra
topic fusion
tritium
tritium retention
BIXS
url https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/addad8
work_keys_str_mv AT minxiangshu reconstructionoftritiumamountanddepthprofileinpfmsforfusionreactorusingmlemandbixsspectra
AT zhilinchen reconstructionoftritiumamountanddepthprofileinpfmsforfusionreactorusingmlemandbixsspectra
AT yangyang reconstructionoftritiumamountanddepthprofileinpfmsforfusionreactorusingmlemandbixsspectra
AT pohuang reconstructionoftritiumamountanddepthprofileinpfmsforfusionreactorusingmlemandbixsspectra
AT wenxiangjiang reconstructionoftritiumamountanddepthprofileinpfmsforfusionreactorusingmlemandbixsspectra
AT shenghancheng reconstructionoftritiumamountanddepthprofileinpfmsforfusionreactorusingmlemandbixsspectra
AT yuli reconstructionoftritiumamountanddepthprofileinpfmsforfusionreactorusingmlemandbixsspectra