Lipid Metabolism and Breast Cancer: A Narrative Review of the Prognostic Implications and Chemotherapy-Induced Dyslipidemia

<b>Introduction:</b> Lipid metabolism plays a crucial role in breast cancer’s progression, treatment response, and prognosis. Alterations in triglycerides (TGs), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) have been implicated in tumor ag...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ionut Flaviu Faur, Amadeus Dobrescu, Ioana Adelina Clim, Paul Pasca, Cosmin Burta, Marco Marian, Dan Brebu, Andreea-Adriana Neamtu, Vlad Braicu, Talpai Tamas, Ciprian Duta, Bogdan Totolici
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Life
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/15/5/689
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850126830254686208
author Ionut Flaviu Faur
Amadeus Dobrescu
Ioana Adelina Clim
Paul Pasca
Cosmin Burta
Marco Marian
Dan Brebu
Andreea-Adriana Neamtu
Vlad Braicu
Talpai Tamas
Ciprian Duta
Bogdan Totolici
author_facet Ionut Flaviu Faur
Amadeus Dobrescu
Ioana Adelina Clim
Paul Pasca
Cosmin Burta
Marco Marian
Dan Brebu
Andreea-Adriana Neamtu
Vlad Braicu
Talpai Tamas
Ciprian Duta
Bogdan Totolici
author_sort Ionut Flaviu Faur
collection DOAJ
description <b>Introduction:</b> Lipid metabolism plays a crucial role in breast cancer’s progression, treatment response, and prognosis. Alterations in triglycerides (TGs), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) have been implicated in tumor aggressiveness and chemotherapy outcomes. This review examines the relationship between dyslipidemia and breast cancer, with a focus on chemotherapy-induced lipid alterations and their prognostic significance. <b>Methods:</b> A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PUBMED, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, identifying 108 unique studies. After applying the inclusion criteria, 21 studies were selected for analysis, covering lipid profile changes before, during, and after chemotherapy, as well as their impact on treatment response and clinical outcomes. <b>Results:</b> Breast cancer patients exhibited lower baseline TC, TG, and LDL-C levels compared to healthy controls; however, chemotherapy significantly increased these markers while decreasing HDL-C from 1.1 to 0.9 mmol/L. The incidence of dyslipidemia rose from 42.98% pre-treatment to 58.28% post-treatment. Chemotherapy-induced lipid alterations were most pronounced in anthracycline- and taxane-based regimens, leading to a 38% increase in TGs and a 23% reduction in HDL-C. While some studies reported that lipid levels normalized post-treatment, others indicated persistent dyslipidemia up to 12 months later. High baseline HDL-C was associated with a better chemotherapy response, whereas elevated TGs and LDL-C correlated with increased tumor aggressiveness, lower pathological complete response rates, and a higher relapse risk. Patients with persistently high post-treatment TGs had significantly worse disease-free survival, with a 30% relapse rate compared to 18% in those with normal TG. Preliminary evidence suggests that lipid-lowering therapies, such as statins, may offer therapeutic benefits in breast cancer by targeting the cholesterol synthesis pathways involved in tumor growth, though further clinical trials are required. <b>Conclusions:</b> Dyslipidemia is a key metabolic factor influencing breast cancer’s progression, treatment response, and long-term prognosis. Chemotherapy-induced lipid alterations may persist, increasing cardiovascular risk and potentially affecting therapeutic efficacy. Routine lipid monitoring and metabolic interventions could enhance treatment outcomes and survivorship. Future research should focus on developing lipid-targeted strategies to optimize breast cancer management.
format Article
id doaj-art-0bc14ea380a6419fb186974344cc7ee4
institution OA Journals
issn 2075-1729
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Life
spelling doaj-art-0bc14ea380a6419fb186974344cc7ee42025-08-20T02:33:50ZengMDPI AGLife2075-17292025-04-0115568910.3390/life15050689Lipid Metabolism and Breast Cancer: A Narrative Review of the Prognostic Implications and Chemotherapy-Induced DyslipidemiaIonut Flaviu Faur0Amadeus Dobrescu1Ioana Adelina Clim2Paul Pasca3Cosmin Burta4Marco Marian5Dan Brebu6Andreea-Adriana Neamtu7Vlad Braicu8Talpai Tamas9Ciprian Duta10Bogdan Totolici11IInd Surgery Clinic, Timisoara Emergency County Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, RomaniaIInd Surgery Clinic, Timisoara Emergency County Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, RomaniaDoctoral School of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaIInd Surgery Clinic, Timisoara Emergency County Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, RomaniaFaculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaIInd Surgery Clinic, Timisoara Emergency County Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, RomaniaIInd Surgery Clinic, Timisoara Emergency County Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, RomaniaFaculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq., Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaIInd Surgery Clinic, Timisoara Emergency County Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, RomaniaFaculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaIInd Surgery Clinic, Timisoara Emergency County Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, RomaniaIst Clinic of General Surgery, Arad County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 310158 Arad, Romania<b>Introduction:</b> Lipid metabolism plays a crucial role in breast cancer’s progression, treatment response, and prognosis. Alterations in triglycerides (TGs), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) have been implicated in tumor aggressiveness and chemotherapy outcomes. This review examines the relationship between dyslipidemia and breast cancer, with a focus on chemotherapy-induced lipid alterations and their prognostic significance. <b>Methods:</b> A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PUBMED, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, identifying 108 unique studies. After applying the inclusion criteria, 21 studies were selected for analysis, covering lipid profile changes before, during, and after chemotherapy, as well as their impact on treatment response and clinical outcomes. <b>Results:</b> Breast cancer patients exhibited lower baseline TC, TG, and LDL-C levels compared to healthy controls; however, chemotherapy significantly increased these markers while decreasing HDL-C from 1.1 to 0.9 mmol/L. The incidence of dyslipidemia rose from 42.98% pre-treatment to 58.28% post-treatment. Chemotherapy-induced lipid alterations were most pronounced in anthracycline- and taxane-based regimens, leading to a 38% increase in TGs and a 23% reduction in HDL-C. While some studies reported that lipid levels normalized post-treatment, others indicated persistent dyslipidemia up to 12 months later. High baseline HDL-C was associated with a better chemotherapy response, whereas elevated TGs and LDL-C correlated with increased tumor aggressiveness, lower pathological complete response rates, and a higher relapse risk. Patients with persistently high post-treatment TGs had significantly worse disease-free survival, with a 30% relapse rate compared to 18% in those with normal TG. Preliminary evidence suggests that lipid-lowering therapies, such as statins, may offer therapeutic benefits in breast cancer by targeting the cholesterol synthesis pathways involved in tumor growth, though further clinical trials are required. <b>Conclusions:</b> Dyslipidemia is a key metabolic factor influencing breast cancer’s progression, treatment response, and long-term prognosis. Chemotherapy-induced lipid alterations may persist, increasing cardiovascular risk and potentially affecting therapeutic efficacy. Routine lipid monitoring and metabolic interventions could enhance treatment outcomes and survivorship. Future research should focus on developing lipid-targeted strategies to optimize breast cancer management.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/15/5/689breast cancerneoadjuvant chemotherapychemotherapy-induced dyslipidemiaLDL-CHDL-C
spellingShingle Ionut Flaviu Faur
Amadeus Dobrescu
Ioana Adelina Clim
Paul Pasca
Cosmin Burta
Marco Marian
Dan Brebu
Andreea-Adriana Neamtu
Vlad Braicu
Talpai Tamas
Ciprian Duta
Bogdan Totolici
Lipid Metabolism and Breast Cancer: A Narrative Review of the Prognostic Implications and Chemotherapy-Induced Dyslipidemia
Life
breast cancer
neoadjuvant chemotherapy
chemotherapy-induced dyslipidemia
LDL-C
HDL-C
title Lipid Metabolism and Breast Cancer: A Narrative Review of the Prognostic Implications and Chemotherapy-Induced Dyslipidemia
title_full Lipid Metabolism and Breast Cancer: A Narrative Review of the Prognostic Implications and Chemotherapy-Induced Dyslipidemia
title_fullStr Lipid Metabolism and Breast Cancer: A Narrative Review of the Prognostic Implications and Chemotherapy-Induced Dyslipidemia
title_full_unstemmed Lipid Metabolism and Breast Cancer: A Narrative Review of the Prognostic Implications and Chemotherapy-Induced Dyslipidemia
title_short Lipid Metabolism and Breast Cancer: A Narrative Review of the Prognostic Implications and Chemotherapy-Induced Dyslipidemia
title_sort lipid metabolism and breast cancer a narrative review of the prognostic implications and chemotherapy induced dyslipidemia
topic breast cancer
neoadjuvant chemotherapy
chemotherapy-induced dyslipidemia
LDL-C
HDL-C
url https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/15/5/689
work_keys_str_mv AT ionutflaviufaur lipidmetabolismandbreastcanceranarrativereviewoftheprognosticimplicationsandchemotherapyinduceddyslipidemia
AT amadeusdobrescu lipidmetabolismandbreastcanceranarrativereviewoftheprognosticimplicationsandchemotherapyinduceddyslipidemia
AT ioanaadelinaclim lipidmetabolismandbreastcanceranarrativereviewoftheprognosticimplicationsandchemotherapyinduceddyslipidemia
AT paulpasca lipidmetabolismandbreastcanceranarrativereviewoftheprognosticimplicationsandchemotherapyinduceddyslipidemia
AT cosminburta lipidmetabolismandbreastcanceranarrativereviewoftheprognosticimplicationsandchemotherapyinduceddyslipidemia
AT marcomarian lipidmetabolismandbreastcanceranarrativereviewoftheprognosticimplicationsandchemotherapyinduceddyslipidemia
AT danbrebu lipidmetabolismandbreastcanceranarrativereviewoftheprognosticimplicationsandchemotherapyinduceddyslipidemia
AT andreeaadriananeamtu lipidmetabolismandbreastcanceranarrativereviewoftheprognosticimplicationsandchemotherapyinduceddyslipidemia
AT vladbraicu lipidmetabolismandbreastcanceranarrativereviewoftheprognosticimplicationsandchemotherapyinduceddyslipidemia
AT talpaitamas lipidmetabolismandbreastcanceranarrativereviewoftheprognosticimplicationsandchemotherapyinduceddyslipidemia
AT ciprianduta lipidmetabolismandbreastcanceranarrativereviewoftheprognosticimplicationsandchemotherapyinduceddyslipidemia
AT bogdantotolici lipidmetabolismandbreastcanceranarrativereviewoftheprognosticimplicationsandchemotherapyinduceddyslipidemia