Molecular Characterization and Feeding-Associated Expression Dynamics of the Period Gene Family in Channel Catfish (<i>Ictalurus punctatus</i>)

Rhythms, regulated by core clock genes like the period (<i>per</i>) gene family, are crucial for maintaining physiological processes in animals. In teleost fish, including channel catfish (<i>Ictalurus punctatus</i>), these genes have evolved distinct functions. However, the...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Hongyan Liu, Shiyong Zhang, Xiaohui Chen, Minghua Wang, Liqiang Zhong, Yongqiang Duan, Bingjie Xie, Luyu Tang, Yi Cheng
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Current Issues in Molecular Biology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/47/6/438
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849467342068645888
author Hongyan Liu
Shiyong Zhang
Xiaohui Chen
Minghua Wang
Liqiang Zhong
Yongqiang Duan
Bingjie Xie
Luyu Tang
Yi Cheng
author_facet Hongyan Liu
Shiyong Zhang
Xiaohui Chen
Minghua Wang
Liqiang Zhong
Yongqiang Duan
Bingjie Xie
Luyu Tang
Yi Cheng
author_sort Hongyan Liu
collection DOAJ
description Rhythms, regulated by core clock genes like the period (<i>per</i>) gene family, are crucial for maintaining physiological processes in animals. In teleost fish, including channel catfish (<i>Ictalurus punctatus</i>), these genes have evolved distinct functions. However, the evolutionary characteristics and functional roles of period genes, particularly in response to environmental cues such as feeding, remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the evolutionary divergence and functional specialization of the period gene family in channel catfish, with a focus on feeding-induced rhythmicity. Four period genes, <i>Ipper1b</i>, <i>Ipper2</i>, <i>Ipper2l</i>, and <i>Ipper3</i>, were identified in channel catfish. Phylogenetic analysis revealed distinct evolutionary paths for these genes, with <i>Ipper2l</i> forming a separate clade from <i>Ipper2</i>. Tissue-specific expression analysis showed differential expression of period genes across tissues, with <i>Ipper1b</i> exhibiting the highest expression in the intestine and <i>Ipper2</i> being predominantly expressed in the liver. Statistical analysis confirmed significant differences in the expression levels between tissues (<i>p</i> < 0.05), supporting the tissue-specific roles of these genes. Notably, under strict feeding schedules, we observed significant modulation of rhythmic expression in both the brain and liver, with a notable shift in the peak expression times and amplitude changes aligned with the feeding time. These results suggest that feeding serves as a critical Zeitgeber, entraining circadian rhythms in key tissues and potentially enhancing metabolic efficiency. These results demonstrated that feeding schedules play a key role in modulating circadian gene expression in channel catfish. This study provides insights into the evolutionary divergence and functional roles of the period gene family in channel catfish, showing how feeding schedules modulate circadian gene expression in the brain and liver. These findings have potential applications in optimizing feeding strategies for improving fish health and growth in aquaculture.
format Article
id doaj-art-0bb91c8952d04c83a301e5cd26d32302
institution Kabale University
issn 1467-3037
1467-3045
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Current Issues in Molecular Biology
spelling doaj-art-0bb91c8952d04c83a301e5cd26d323022025-08-20T03:26:16ZengMDPI AGCurrent Issues in Molecular Biology1467-30371467-30452025-06-0147643810.3390/cimb47060438Molecular Characterization and Feeding-Associated Expression Dynamics of the Period Gene Family in Channel Catfish (<i>Ictalurus punctatus</i>)Hongyan Liu0Shiyong Zhang1Xiaohui Chen2Minghua Wang3Liqiang Zhong4Yongqiang Duan5Bingjie Xie6Luyu Tang7Yi Cheng8National Genetic Breeding Center of Channel Catfish, Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210017, ChinaNational Genetic Breeding Center of Channel Catfish, Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210017, ChinaNational Genetic Breeding Center of Channel Catfish, Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210017, ChinaNational Genetic Breeding Center of Channel Catfish, Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210017, ChinaNational Genetic Breeding Center of Channel Catfish, Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210017, ChinaNational Genetic Breeding Center of Channel Catfish, Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210017, ChinaNational Genetic Breeding Center of Channel Catfish, Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210017, ChinaNational Genetic Breeding Center of Channel Catfish, Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210017, ChinaNational Genetic Breeding Center of Channel Catfish, Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210017, ChinaRhythms, regulated by core clock genes like the period (<i>per</i>) gene family, are crucial for maintaining physiological processes in animals. In teleost fish, including channel catfish (<i>Ictalurus punctatus</i>), these genes have evolved distinct functions. However, the evolutionary characteristics and functional roles of period genes, particularly in response to environmental cues such as feeding, remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the evolutionary divergence and functional specialization of the period gene family in channel catfish, with a focus on feeding-induced rhythmicity. Four period genes, <i>Ipper1b</i>, <i>Ipper2</i>, <i>Ipper2l</i>, and <i>Ipper3</i>, were identified in channel catfish. Phylogenetic analysis revealed distinct evolutionary paths for these genes, with <i>Ipper2l</i> forming a separate clade from <i>Ipper2</i>. Tissue-specific expression analysis showed differential expression of period genes across tissues, with <i>Ipper1b</i> exhibiting the highest expression in the intestine and <i>Ipper2</i> being predominantly expressed in the liver. Statistical analysis confirmed significant differences in the expression levels between tissues (<i>p</i> < 0.05), supporting the tissue-specific roles of these genes. Notably, under strict feeding schedules, we observed significant modulation of rhythmic expression in both the brain and liver, with a notable shift in the peak expression times and amplitude changes aligned with the feeding time. These results suggest that feeding serves as a critical Zeitgeber, entraining circadian rhythms in key tissues and potentially enhancing metabolic efficiency. These results demonstrated that feeding schedules play a key role in modulating circadian gene expression in channel catfish. This study provides insights into the evolutionary divergence and functional roles of the period gene family in channel catfish, showing how feeding schedules modulate circadian gene expression in the brain and liver. These findings have potential applications in optimizing feeding strategies for improving fish health and growth in aquaculture.https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/47/6/438period gene familychannel catfishcircadian rhythmfeeding rhythmgene expression
spellingShingle Hongyan Liu
Shiyong Zhang
Xiaohui Chen
Minghua Wang
Liqiang Zhong
Yongqiang Duan
Bingjie Xie
Luyu Tang
Yi Cheng
Molecular Characterization and Feeding-Associated Expression Dynamics of the Period Gene Family in Channel Catfish (<i>Ictalurus punctatus</i>)
Current Issues in Molecular Biology
period gene family
channel catfish
circadian rhythm
feeding rhythm
gene expression
title Molecular Characterization and Feeding-Associated Expression Dynamics of the Period Gene Family in Channel Catfish (<i>Ictalurus punctatus</i>)
title_full Molecular Characterization and Feeding-Associated Expression Dynamics of the Period Gene Family in Channel Catfish (<i>Ictalurus punctatus</i>)
title_fullStr Molecular Characterization and Feeding-Associated Expression Dynamics of the Period Gene Family in Channel Catfish (<i>Ictalurus punctatus</i>)
title_full_unstemmed Molecular Characterization and Feeding-Associated Expression Dynamics of the Period Gene Family in Channel Catfish (<i>Ictalurus punctatus</i>)
title_short Molecular Characterization and Feeding-Associated Expression Dynamics of the Period Gene Family in Channel Catfish (<i>Ictalurus punctatus</i>)
title_sort molecular characterization and feeding associated expression dynamics of the period gene family in channel catfish i ictalurus punctatus i
topic period gene family
channel catfish
circadian rhythm
feeding rhythm
gene expression
url https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/47/6/438
work_keys_str_mv AT hongyanliu molecularcharacterizationandfeedingassociatedexpressiondynamicsoftheperiodgenefamilyinchannelcatfishiictaluruspunctatusi
AT shiyongzhang molecularcharacterizationandfeedingassociatedexpressiondynamicsoftheperiodgenefamilyinchannelcatfishiictaluruspunctatusi
AT xiaohuichen molecularcharacterizationandfeedingassociatedexpressiondynamicsoftheperiodgenefamilyinchannelcatfishiictaluruspunctatusi
AT minghuawang molecularcharacterizationandfeedingassociatedexpressiondynamicsoftheperiodgenefamilyinchannelcatfishiictaluruspunctatusi
AT liqiangzhong molecularcharacterizationandfeedingassociatedexpressiondynamicsoftheperiodgenefamilyinchannelcatfishiictaluruspunctatusi
AT yongqiangduan molecularcharacterizationandfeedingassociatedexpressiondynamicsoftheperiodgenefamilyinchannelcatfishiictaluruspunctatusi
AT bingjiexie molecularcharacterizationandfeedingassociatedexpressiondynamicsoftheperiodgenefamilyinchannelcatfishiictaluruspunctatusi
AT luyutang molecularcharacterizationandfeedingassociatedexpressiondynamicsoftheperiodgenefamilyinchannelcatfishiictaluruspunctatusi
AT yicheng molecularcharacterizationandfeedingassociatedexpressiondynamicsoftheperiodgenefamilyinchannelcatfishiictaluruspunctatusi