Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of curcumin against oral pathogens: Potential for periodontal treatment

Periodontitis, a prevalent oral disease, arises from a consortium of oral bacterial species that form biofilms on tooth surfaces, triggering host inflammatory responses and leading to clinical symptoms. Curcumin (CUR), a natural polyphenolic compound, has garnered significant attention for its thera...

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Main Authors: Vijay M. Kumbar, Malleswara Rao Peram, Manohar S. Kugaji, Sanjivini Patil, Manjula Kambimath, Shreya Magennavar, Mehmuda Hussain, Kishore G. Bhat, Ramesh Paranjape
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-06-01
Series:The Microbe
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950194625001232
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author Vijay M. Kumbar
Malleswara Rao Peram
Manohar S. Kugaji
Sanjivini Patil
Manjula Kambimath
Shreya Magennavar
Mehmuda Hussain
Kishore G. Bhat
Ramesh Paranjape
author_facet Vijay M. Kumbar
Malleswara Rao Peram
Manohar S. Kugaji
Sanjivini Patil
Manjula Kambimath
Shreya Magennavar
Mehmuda Hussain
Kishore G. Bhat
Ramesh Paranjape
author_sort Vijay M. Kumbar
collection DOAJ
description Periodontitis, a prevalent oral disease, arises from a consortium of oral bacterial species that form biofilms on tooth surfaces, triggering host inflammatory responses and leading to clinical symptoms. Curcumin (CUR), a natural polyphenolic compound, has garnered significant attention for its therapeutic properties. This study investigates the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of CUR against oral pathogens. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs), time-kill curves, anti-adhesion, and antibiofilm assays were performed against a panel of oral bacteria associated with dental caries and periodontal disease. The results demonstrate that CUR exhibits notable antimicrobial activity, with MIC and MBC values ranging from 15.62 to 31.25 µg/mL and 31.25–125 µg/mL, respectively, against various oral pathogens, including S. mutans, P. intermedia, and A. actinomycetemcomitans. Additionally, CUR showed significant antibiofilm activity, disrupting the formation and stability of oral bacterial biofilms, which are critical in conferring drug resistance to antimicrobial agents. The promising potential of curcumin for oral health underscores the need for further research to develop CUR-based formulations for oral healthcare regimens, potentially improving oral health outcomes.
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institution Kabale University
issn 2950-1946
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publishDate 2025-06-01
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spelling doaj-art-0bb5de39945c4faeb1585a1647e29abf2025-08-20T03:48:51ZengElsevierThe Microbe2950-19462025-06-01710035510.1016/j.microb.2025.100355Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of curcumin against oral pathogens: Potential for periodontal treatmentVijay M. Kumbar0Malleswara Rao Peram1Manohar S. Kugaji2Sanjivini Patil3Manjula Kambimath4Shreya Magennavar5Mehmuda Hussain6Kishore G. Bhat7Ramesh Paranjape8Dr Prabhakar Kore Basic Science Research Centre, KLE Academy of Higher Education (KLE University), and Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College Nehru Nagar, Belagavi, Karnataka 590010, India; Correspondence to: KLE Academy of Higher Education (KLE University), Nehru Nagar, Belagavi, Karnataka 590010, India.Department of Pharmaceutics, Chebrolu Hanumaiah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guntur, Andra Pradesh 522019, India; Correspondence to: Chebrolu Hanumaiah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (CHIPS), Chandramoulipuram, Chowdavaram, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh 522019, India.Central Research Laboratory, Maratha Mandal’s Nathajirao G. Halgekar Institute of Dental Sciences & Research Centre, Belagavi, Karnataka 590010, IndiaCentral Research Laboratory, Maratha Mandal’s Nathajirao G. Halgekar Institute of Dental Sciences & Research Centre, Belagavi, Karnataka 590010, IndiaDr Prabhakar Kore Basic Science Research Centre, KLE Academy of Higher Education (KLE University), and Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College Nehru Nagar, Belagavi, Karnataka 590010, IndiaDr Prabhakar Kore Basic Science Research Centre, KLE Academy of Higher Education (KLE University), and Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College Nehru Nagar, Belagavi, Karnataka 590010, IndiaDr Prabhakar Kore Basic Science Research Centre, KLE Academy of Higher Education (KLE University), and Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College Nehru Nagar, Belagavi, Karnataka 590010, IndiaArihant Superspeciality Hospital, Nehru Nagar, Belgaum, Karnataka 590010, IndiaDr Prabhakar Kore Basic Science Research Centre, KLE Academy of Higher Education (KLE University), and Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College Nehru Nagar, Belagavi, Karnataka 590010, IndiaPeriodontitis, a prevalent oral disease, arises from a consortium of oral bacterial species that form biofilms on tooth surfaces, triggering host inflammatory responses and leading to clinical symptoms. Curcumin (CUR), a natural polyphenolic compound, has garnered significant attention for its therapeutic properties. This study investigates the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of CUR against oral pathogens. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs), time-kill curves, anti-adhesion, and antibiofilm assays were performed against a panel of oral bacteria associated with dental caries and periodontal disease. The results demonstrate that CUR exhibits notable antimicrobial activity, with MIC and MBC values ranging from 15.62 to 31.25 µg/mL and 31.25–125 µg/mL, respectively, against various oral pathogens, including S. mutans, P. intermedia, and A. actinomycetemcomitans. Additionally, CUR showed significant antibiofilm activity, disrupting the formation and stability of oral bacterial biofilms, which are critical in conferring drug resistance to antimicrobial agents. The promising potential of curcumin for oral health underscores the need for further research to develop CUR-based formulations for oral healthcare regimens, potentially improving oral health outcomes.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950194625001232CurcuminOral PathogenAnti-microbialAnti-adhesionAnti-biofilm
spellingShingle Vijay M. Kumbar
Malleswara Rao Peram
Manohar S. Kugaji
Sanjivini Patil
Manjula Kambimath
Shreya Magennavar
Mehmuda Hussain
Kishore G. Bhat
Ramesh Paranjape
Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of curcumin against oral pathogens: Potential for periodontal treatment
The Microbe
Curcumin
Oral Pathogen
Anti-microbial
Anti-adhesion
Anti-biofilm
title Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of curcumin against oral pathogens: Potential for periodontal treatment
title_full Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of curcumin against oral pathogens: Potential for periodontal treatment
title_fullStr Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of curcumin against oral pathogens: Potential for periodontal treatment
title_full_unstemmed Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of curcumin against oral pathogens: Potential for periodontal treatment
title_short Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of curcumin against oral pathogens: Potential for periodontal treatment
title_sort antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of curcumin against oral pathogens potential for periodontal treatment
topic Curcumin
Oral Pathogen
Anti-microbial
Anti-adhesion
Anti-biofilm
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950194625001232
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