SD-WACCM-X Study of Nonmigrating Tidal Responses to the 2019 Antarctic Minor SSW

The 2019 Antarctic sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) is well captured by the specified dynamics Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model with thermosphere and ionosphere eXtension (SD-WACCM-X). This SSW is dominated by a strong quasi-stationary planetary wave with zonal wavenumber 1 (SPW1) activity...

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Main Authors: Chen-Ke-Min Teng, Zhiqiang Fan, Wei Cheng, Yusong Qin, Zhenlin Yang, Jingzhe Sun
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Atmosphere
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/16/7/848
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author Chen-Ke-Min Teng
Zhiqiang Fan
Wei Cheng
Yusong Qin
Zhenlin Yang
Jingzhe Sun
author_facet Chen-Ke-Min Teng
Zhiqiang Fan
Wei Cheng
Yusong Qin
Zhenlin Yang
Jingzhe Sun
author_sort Chen-Ke-Min Teng
collection DOAJ
description The 2019 Antarctic sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) is well captured by the specified dynamics Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model with thermosphere and ionosphere eXtension (SD-WACCM-X). This SSW is dominated by a strong quasi-stationary planetary wave with zonal wavenumber 1 (SPW1) activity, and nonmigrating tides show great variations. The nonlinear interactions between SPW1 and diurnal, semidiurnal and terdiurnal migrating tides triggered by this SSW also have significant impacts on the variabilities of corresponding nonmigrating tides. This is clearly proven by the fact that the variations of the secondary nonmigrating tides, generated by the nonlinear interaction, show higher correlation during this SSW than those during the non-SSW period. Meanwhile, the SPW1 dominates the nonlinear interactions with diurnal, semidiurnal and terdiurnal migrating tides, and the corresponding secondary nonmigrating tides show concurrent increases with SPW1. In the ionosphere, the nonmigrating tidal oscillations exhibit consistent temporal variabilities with those shown in the neutral atmosphere, which demonstrates the neutral–ion coupling through nonmigrating tides and that nonmigrating tides are significant sources for the short-term ionospheric variability during this SSW event. Specifically, the enhancement of the ionospheric longitudinal wavenumber 4 structure coincides with the increase of the eastward-propagating diurnal tide with zonal wavenumber 3 (DE3), semidiurnal tide with zonal wavenumber 2 (SE2) and terdiurnal tide with zonal wavenumber 1 (TE1). Also, DE3 dominates the influence of nonmigrating tides on the ionospheric longitudinal wavenumber 4 structure during this SSW.
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spelling doaj-art-0b8525ba26d746ecafdcb08c4443f88d2025-08-20T03:58:31ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332025-07-0116784810.3390/atmos16070848SD-WACCM-X Study of Nonmigrating Tidal Responses to the 2019 Antarctic Minor SSWChen-Ke-Min Teng0Zhiqiang Fan1Wei Cheng2Yusong Qin3Zhenlin Yang4Jingzhe Sun5Beijing Institute of Applied Meteorology, Beijing 100020, ChinaBeijing Institute of Applied Meteorology, Beijing 100020, ChinaBeijing Institute of Applied Meteorology, Beijing 100020, ChinaSchool of Earth and Space Science and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, ChinaSchool of Earth and Space Science and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, ChinaBeijing Institute of Applied Meteorology, Beijing 100020, ChinaThe 2019 Antarctic sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) is well captured by the specified dynamics Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model with thermosphere and ionosphere eXtension (SD-WACCM-X). This SSW is dominated by a strong quasi-stationary planetary wave with zonal wavenumber 1 (SPW1) activity, and nonmigrating tides show great variations. The nonlinear interactions between SPW1 and diurnal, semidiurnal and terdiurnal migrating tides triggered by this SSW also have significant impacts on the variabilities of corresponding nonmigrating tides. This is clearly proven by the fact that the variations of the secondary nonmigrating tides, generated by the nonlinear interaction, show higher correlation during this SSW than those during the non-SSW period. Meanwhile, the SPW1 dominates the nonlinear interactions with diurnal, semidiurnal and terdiurnal migrating tides, and the corresponding secondary nonmigrating tides show concurrent increases with SPW1. In the ionosphere, the nonmigrating tidal oscillations exhibit consistent temporal variabilities with those shown in the neutral atmosphere, which demonstrates the neutral–ion coupling through nonmigrating tides and that nonmigrating tides are significant sources for the short-term ionospheric variability during this SSW event. Specifically, the enhancement of the ionospheric longitudinal wavenumber 4 structure coincides with the increase of the eastward-propagating diurnal tide with zonal wavenumber 3 (DE3), semidiurnal tide with zonal wavenumber 2 (SE2) and terdiurnal tide with zonal wavenumber 1 (TE1). Also, DE3 dominates the influence of nonmigrating tides on the ionospheric longitudinal wavenumber 4 structure during this SSW.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/16/7/848SSWSD-WACCM-Xnonmigrating tidesnonlinear interactionsshort-term ionospheric variabilityionospheric longitudinal wavenumber 4 structure
spellingShingle Chen-Ke-Min Teng
Zhiqiang Fan
Wei Cheng
Yusong Qin
Zhenlin Yang
Jingzhe Sun
SD-WACCM-X Study of Nonmigrating Tidal Responses to the 2019 Antarctic Minor SSW
Atmosphere
SSW
SD-WACCM-X
nonmigrating tides
nonlinear interactions
short-term ionospheric variability
ionospheric longitudinal wavenumber 4 structure
title SD-WACCM-X Study of Nonmigrating Tidal Responses to the 2019 Antarctic Minor SSW
title_full SD-WACCM-X Study of Nonmigrating Tidal Responses to the 2019 Antarctic Minor SSW
title_fullStr SD-WACCM-X Study of Nonmigrating Tidal Responses to the 2019 Antarctic Minor SSW
title_full_unstemmed SD-WACCM-X Study of Nonmigrating Tidal Responses to the 2019 Antarctic Minor SSW
title_short SD-WACCM-X Study of Nonmigrating Tidal Responses to the 2019 Antarctic Minor SSW
title_sort sd waccm x study of nonmigrating tidal responses to the 2019 antarctic minor ssw
topic SSW
SD-WACCM-X
nonmigrating tides
nonlinear interactions
short-term ionospheric variability
ionospheric longitudinal wavenumber 4 structure
url https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/16/7/848
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