Comparative Analysis of Dry, Minimum Quantity Lubrication, and Nano-Reinforced Minimum Quantity Lubrication Environments on the Machining Performance of AZ91D Magnesium Alloy
This study investigates the machining performance of AZ91D magnesium alloy under three different cooling environments: dry, minimum quantity lubrication (MQL), and nano-reinforced MQL (NanoMQL) with multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Turning experiments were conducted on a CNC lathe with systematically...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-05-01
|
| Series: | Machines |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1702/13/5/430 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849327295050809344 |
|---|---|
| author | Berat Baris Buldum Kamil Leksycki Suleyman Cinar Cagan |
| author_facet | Berat Baris Buldum Kamil Leksycki Suleyman Cinar Cagan |
| author_sort | Berat Baris Buldum |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study investigates the machining performance of AZ91D magnesium alloy under three different cooling environments: dry, minimum quantity lubrication (MQL), and nano-reinforced MQL (NanoMQL) with multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Turning experiments were conducted on a CNC lathe with systematically varied cutting parameters, including cutting speed (150–450 m/min), feed rate (0.05–0.2 mm/rev), and depth of cut (0.5–2 mm). The machining performance was evaluated through cutting force measurements, surface roughness analysis, and tool wear examination using SEM. The results demonstrate that the NanoMQL environment significantly outperforms both dry and conventional MQL conditions, providing a 42.2% improvement in surface quality compared to dry machining and a 33.6% improvement over conventional MQL. Cutting forces were predominantly influenced by the depth of cut and the feed rate, while cutting speed showed variable effects. SEM analysis revealed that the NanoMQL environment substantially reduced built-up edge formation and flank wear, particularly under aggressive cutting conditions. The superior performance of the NanoMQL environment is attributed to the enhanced thermal conductivity and lubrication properties of carbon nanotubes, which form a protective tribofilm at the tool–workpiece interface. This study provides valuable insights for optimizing the machining parameters of AZ91D magnesium alloy in industrial applications, particularly where high surface quality and tool longevity are required. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0b71af9dc90c413a962fca671ebba7a6 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2075-1702 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Machines |
| spelling | doaj-art-0b71af9dc90c413a962fca671ebba7a62025-08-20T03:47:54ZengMDPI AGMachines2075-17022025-05-0113543010.3390/machines13050430Comparative Analysis of Dry, Minimum Quantity Lubrication, and Nano-Reinforced Minimum Quantity Lubrication Environments on the Machining Performance of AZ91D Magnesium AlloyBerat Baris Buldum0Kamil Leksycki1Suleyman Cinar Cagan2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mersin University, Ciftlikkoy, Mersin 33343, TürkiyeFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Zielona Góra, Prof. Z. Szafrana Street 4, 65-516 Zielona Gora, PolandDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Mersin University, Ciftlikkoy, Mersin 33343, TürkiyeThis study investigates the machining performance of AZ91D magnesium alloy under three different cooling environments: dry, minimum quantity lubrication (MQL), and nano-reinforced MQL (NanoMQL) with multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Turning experiments were conducted on a CNC lathe with systematically varied cutting parameters, including cutting speed (150–450 m/min), feed rate (0.05–0.2 mm/rev), and depth of cut (0.5–2 mm). The machining performance was evaluated through cutting force measurements, surface roughness analysis, and tool wear examination using SEM. The results demonstrate that the NanoMQL environment significantly outperforms both dry and conventional MQL conditions, providing a 42.2% improvement in surface quality compared to dry machining and a 33.6% improvement over conventional MQL. Cutting forces were predominantly influenced by the depth of cut and the feed rate, while cutting speed showed variable effects. SEM analysis revealed that the NanoMQL environment substantially reduced built-up edge formation and flank wear, particularly under aggressive cutting conditions. The superior performance of the NanoMQL environment is attributed to the enhanced thermal conductivity and lubrication properties of carbon nanotubes, which form a protective tribofilm at the tool–workpiece interface. This study provides valuable insights for optimizing the machining parameters of AZ91D magnesium alloy in industrial applications, particularly where high surface quality and tool longevity are required.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1702/13/5/430magnesium alloyturningtribologysurface roughnesswearminimum quantity lubrication |
| spellingShingle | Berat Baris Buldum Kamil Leksycki Suleyman Cinar Cagan Comparative Analysis of Dry, Minimum Quantity Lubrication, and Nano-Reinforced Minimum Quantity Lubrication Environments on the Machining Performance of AZ91D Magnesium Alloy Machines magnesium alloy turning tribology surface roughness wear minimum quantity lubrication |
| title | Comparative Analysis of Dry, Minimum Quantity Lubrication, and Nano-Reinforced Minimum Quantity Lubrication Environments on the Machining Performance of AZ91D Magnesium Alloy |
| title_full | Comparative Analysis of Dry, Minimum Quantity Lubrication, and Nano-Reinforced Minimum Quantity Lubrication Environments on the Machining Performance of AZ91D Magnesium Alloy |
| title_fullStr | Comparative Analysis of Dry, Minimum Quantity Lubrication, and Nano-Reinforced Minimum Quantity Lubrication Environments on the Machining Performance of AZ91D Magnesium Alloy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative Analysis of Dry, Minimum Quantity Lubrication, and Nano-Reinforced Minimum Quantity Lubrication Environments on the Machining Performance of AZ91D Magnesium Alloy |
| title_short | Comparative Analysis of Dry, Minimum Quantity Lubrication, and Nano-Reinforced Minimum Quantity Lubrication Environments on the Machining Performance of AZ91D Magnesium Alloy |
| title_sort | comparative analysis of dry minimum quantity lubrication and nano reinforced minimum quantity lubrication environments on the machining performance of az91d magnesium alloy |
| topic | magnesium alloy turning tribology surface roughness wear minimum quantity lubrication |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1702/13/5/430 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT beratbarisbuldum comparativeanalysisofdryminimumquantitylubricationandnanoreinforcedminimumquantitylubricationenvironmentsonthemachiningperformanceofaz91dmagnesiumalloy AT kamilleksycki comparativeanalysisofdryminimumquantitylubricationandnanoreinforcedminimumquantitylubricationenvironmentsonthemachiningperformanceofaz91dmagnesiumalloy AT suleymancinarcagan comparativeanalysisofdryminimumquantitylubricationandnanoreinforcedminimumquantitylubricationenvironmentsonthemachiningperformanceofaz91dmagnesiumalloy |