Pathophysiology of Resistant Hypertension: The Role of Sympathetic Nervous System
Resistant hypertension (RH) is a powerful risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Among the characteristics of patients with RH, obesity, obstructive sleep apnea, and aldosterone excess are covering a great area of the mosaic of RH phenotype. Increased sympathetic nervous system (SNS...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2011-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Hypertension |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/642416 |
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| author | Costas Tsioufis Athanasios Kordalis Dimitris Flessas Ioannis Anastasopoulos Dimitris Tsiachris Vasilios Papademetriou Christodoulos Stefanadis |
| author_facet | Costas Tsioufis Athanasios Kordalis Dimitris Flessas Ioannis Anastasopoulos Dimitris Tsiachris Vasilios Papademetriou Christodoulos Stefanadis |
| author_sort | Costas Tsioufis |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Resistant hypertension (RH) is a powerful risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Among the characteristics of patients with RH, obesity, obstructive sleep apnea, and aldosterone excess are covering a great area of the mosaic of RH phenotype. Increased sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity is present in all these underlying conditions, supporting its crucial role in the pathophysiology of antihypertensive treatment resistance. Current clinical and experimental knowledge points towards an impact of several factors on SNS activation, namely, insulin resistance, adipokines, endothelial dysfunction, cyclic intermittent hypoxaemia, aldosterone effects on central nervous system, chemoreceptors, and baroreceptors dysregulation. The further investigation and understanding of the mechanisms leading to SNS activation could reveal novel therapeutic targets and expand our treatment options in the challenging management of RH. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0b4c161236de4fc7b0073c713bec76c7 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-0392 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2011-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Hypertension |
| spelling | doaj-art-0b4c161236de4fc7b0073c713bec76c72025-02-03T01:11:02ZengWileyInternational Journal of Hypertension2090-03922011-01-01201110.4061/2011/642416642416Pathophysiology of Resistant Hypertension: The Role of Sympathetic Nervous SystemCostas Tsioufis0Athanasios Kordalis1Dimitris Flessas2Ioannis Anastasopoulos3Dimitris Tsiachris4Vasilios Papademetriou5Christodoulos Stefanadis6First Cardiology Clinic, University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, 3 Kolokotroni Street, P. Penteli, Athens 15236, GreeceFirst Cardiology Clinic, University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, 3 Kolokotroni Street, P. Penteli, Athens 15236, GreeceFirst Cardiology Clinic, University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, 3 Kolokotroni Street, P. Penteli, Athens 15236, GreeceFirst Cardiology Clinic, University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, 3 Kolokotroni Street, P. Penteli, Athens 15236, GreeceFirst Cardiology Clinic, University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, 3 Kolokotroni Street, P. Penteli, Athens 15236, GreeceFirst Cardiology Clinic, University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, 3 Kolokotroni Street, P. Penteli, Athens 15236, GreeceFirst Cardiology Clinic, University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, 3 Kolokotroni Street, P. Penteli, Athens 15236, GreeceResistant hypertension (RH) is a powerful risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Among the characteristics of patients with RH, obesity, obstructive sleep apnea, and aldosterone excess are covering a great area of the mosaic of RH phenotype. Increased sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity is present in all these underlying conditions, supporting its crucial role in the pathophysiology of antihypertensive treatment resistance. Current clinical and experimental knowledge points towards an impact of several factors on SNS activation, namely, insulin resistance, adipokines, endothelial dysfunction, cyclic intermittent hypoxaemia, aldosterone effects on central nervous system, chemoreceptors, and baroreceptors dysregulation. The further investigation and understanding of the mechanisms leading to SNS activation could reveal novel therapeutic targets and expand our treatment options in the challenging management of RH.http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/642416 |
| spellingShingle | Costas Tsioufis Athanasios Kordalis Dimitris Flessas Ioannis Anastasopoulos Dimitris Tsiachris Vasilios Papademetriou Christodoulos Stefanadis Pathophysiology of Resistant Hypertension: The Role of Sympathetic Nervous System International Journal of Hypertension |
| title | Pathophysiology of Resistant Hypertension: The Role of Sympathetic Nervous System |
| title_full | Pathophysiology of Resistant Hypertension: The Role of Sympathetic Nervous System |
| title_fullStr | Pathophysiology of Resistant Hypertension: The Role of Sympathetic Nervous System |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pathophysiology of Resistant Hypertension: The Role of Sympathetic Nervous System |
| title_short | Pathophysiology of Resistant Hypertension: The Role of Sympathetic Nervous System |
| title_sort | pathophysiology of resistant hypertension the role of sympathetic nervous system |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/642416 |
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